Network Working Group S. Das Internet-Draft Independent Researcher Intended status: Experimental 1 October 2026 Expires: 4 April 2027 Evidence Is the Key, Not the Log: Receipt-Gated Staged Effectuation and Interim Effectuation Validation for AI Agents, Frontier AI Model Providers, and Autonomous Systems draft-das-receipt-gated-iev-00 Abstract Authority to cause a real-world effect should not exist on a machine until the real path has shown that it is safe. This document describes an experimental execution-control architecture for agentic, autonomous, and conventional computing systems, and is addressed in particular to operators of AI machines and to frontier AI model providers. A proposed act is separated from authority to make the act consequential. The architecture supports single-phase protected effectuation, a bounded real first effect followed by receipt-gated continuation, and arbitrary multi-phase progression. In the Interim Effectuation Validator (IEV) profile, protected evidence of an earlier real effect is not a log but a structural dependency: it is independently evaluated before a protected continuation condition for a later effect is established, and the validator does not relay the original command. If trustworthy evidence is missing, the system holds or quarantines the act instead of retrying it. The document also describes taint and provenance propagation, protected origin attribution, surrogate or non-exportable credential references, boundary credential resolution, privilege-separated connector execution, human and automatic remediation, crash and indeterminate-state reconciliation, anti-bypass requirements, tokenless and cryptographic continuation, and software, virtual- machine, operating-system, mobile, application, network, transaction, hardware, destination-side, and distributed realizations. The architecture is defined by functional relationships rather than by a particular product name, operating system, validator placement, token format, proxy, or credential representation. Patent pending: the concept described in this document is the subject of Indian Patent Office application number 202631117633, "Systems and Methods for Cryptographically Staged Effectuation with Verified Partial Effect, Receipt-Bound Full Effectuation, and Software- Hardware Enforcement". Status of This Draft Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 1] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 This note is to be removed before publishing as an RFC. This is an individual experimental Internet-Draft prepared for technical review. It does not assert IETF consensus, standards status, implementation status, patent scope, infringement, copying, ownership, or legal priority. Status of This Memo This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. 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Code Components extracted from this document must include Revised BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as described in the Revised BSD License. Table of Contents 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2. Conventions and Requirement Language . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 3. Scope and Non-Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 4. Terminology and Mathematical Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 5. Architectural Roles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 5.1. Candidate Act Source . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 5.2. Protected Policy / Enforcement Domain . . . . . . . . . . 17 5.3. Finality Sink . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 2] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 5.4. Effect Observer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 5.5. Interim Effectuation Validator . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 5.6. Credential Authority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 5.7. Human or Automated Remediation Authority . . . . . . . . 18 6. Conformance Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 7. Core Conformance Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 8. Candidate Act Binding and Maximum Envelope . . . . . . . . . 20 9. Effectuation Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 9.1. Single-Phase Protected Effectuation . . . . . . . . . . . 20 9.2. Demonstration Then Full Effectuation . . . . . . . . . . 20 9.3. Progressive Multi-Phase Effectuation . . . . . . . . . . 20 10. Effect Evidence and Receipt Semantics . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 11. Interim Effectuation Validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 12. Effect Comparison Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 13. Continuation Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 13.1. Receipt-Derived Execution Material . . . . . . . . . . . 23 13.2. Split-Key Realization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 13.3. Tokenless Realization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 14. Finality-Sink Verification at the Next Phase . . . . . . . . 24 15. Human, Automatic, and Hybrid Progression . . . . . . . . . . 24 15.1. Human Escalation after Misalignment . . . . . . . . . . 24 15.2. Automatic Remediation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 16. Crash, Receipt Loss, and Indeterminate Outcomes . . . . . . . 25 17. Replay, Anti-Substitution, Anti-Downgrade, and Anti-Skip . . 25 18. Anti-Bypass and Implementation-Equivalence Requirements . . . 26 19. Taint, Provenance, and Protected Origin Attribution . . . . . 27 20. Surrogate Credentials and Boundary Credential Resolution . . 27 21. Privilege-Separated Connector and Browser Execution . . . . . 28 22. Platform-Neutral Software and Virtualized Realizations . . . 28 22.1. Isolated VM / microVM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 22.2. Linux . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 22.3. Android / mobile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 22.4. iOS / iPadOS / macOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 22.5. Windows / desktop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 22.6. Ordinary application / backend . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 23. Domain Profiles and Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 23.1. SEND and file/message communication . . . . . . . . . . 30 23.2. Payment and settlement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 23.3. File and data release . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 23.4. Database and storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 23.5. Cloud and software rollout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 23.6. AI tool use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 23.7. Credential release . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 23.8. GPU / accelerator and compute egress . . . . . . . . . . 31 23.9. Model-state / memory update . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 23.10. Robotics / actuator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 23.11. Vehicle / UAV / mobile robot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 23.12. Industrial / PLC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 3] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 23.13. Telecom / radio / satellite / NTN . . . . . . . . . . . 31 23.14. Multi-destination / multi-recipient . . . . . . . . . . 32 23.15. Replicated / consensus systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 24. Reference State Machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 25. Non-Limiting Reference Pseudocode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 26. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 26.1. Act, destination, sink, route, and resource substitution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 26.2. Replay and duplicate continuation . . . . . . . . . . . 34 26.3. Downgrade and phase skipping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 26.4. Alternate-path bypass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 26.5. Crash and unknown outcomes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 26.6. Taint/provenance failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 26.7. Credential exposure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 26.8. Human approval binding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 26.9. Denial of service and validation exhaustion . . . . . . 35 26.10. Privacy of receipts and provenance . . . . . . . . . . . 36 27. Operational and Deployment Considerations . . . . . . . . . . 36 28. Privacy Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 29. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 30. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 31. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Appendix A. Source-Derived Advanced Staged Effectuation Catalogue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 A.1. 1. Technical Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 A.2. 2. Technical Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 A.3. 3. Core Principle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 A.4. 4. Relationship to Canary Execution . . . . . . . . . . 40 A.5. 5. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 A.6. 5.1 Candidate Act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 A.7. 5.2 Full Candidate Effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 A.8. 5.3 Bounded Trial Effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 A.9. 6. Real Effect Versus Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 A.10. 7. Trial Effect Descriptor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 A.11. 8. Effect Confirmation Receipt . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 A.12. 9. Effect Confirmation Need Not Mean Semantic Success . 47 A.13. 10. Continuation Authority Object . . . . . . . . . . . 48 A.14. 11. Cryptographic Binding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 A.15. 12. Receipt Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 A.16. 13. Next-Phase Release Predicate . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 A.17. 14. Cryptographic Causal Dependency . . . . . . . . . . 51 A.18. 15. Effectuation Fraction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 A.19. 16. SINGLE-PHASE EFFECTUATION EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . 52 A.20. 17. TWO-STAGE DEMONSTRATION-THEN-FULL EFFECTUATION . . . 52 A.21. 18. DEMONSTRATION FOLLOWED BY MULTI-PHASE EFFECTUATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 A.22. 19. GEOMETRIC PROGRESSION EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . 53 A.23. 20. ADAPTIVE PROGRESSIVE EFFECTUATION . . . . . . . . . 53 Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 4] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 A.24. 21. HUMAN-APPROVAL EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 A.25. 22. HUMAN APPROVAL AFTER DEMONSTRATION EFFECT . . . . . 55 A.26. 23. HUMAN APPROVAL BETWEEN EVERY PHASE . . . . . . . . . 55 A.27. 24. AUTOMATIC APPROVAL EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . 55 A.28. 25. HYBRID HUMAN/AUTOMATIC APPROVAL . . . . . . . . . . 56 A.29. 26. HUMAN VETO WITHOUT HUMAN APPROVAL REQUIREMENT . . . 57 A.30. 27. SOFTWARE PROTECTED ENFORCEMENT DOMAIN . . . . . . . 57 A.31. 28. HARDWARE PROTECTED ENFORCEMENT DOMAIN . . . . . . . 58 A.32. 29. SPLIT SOFTWARE/HARDWARE PED . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 A.33. 30. HARDWARE KEY-CHAIN EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . 60 A.34. 31. THRESHOLD CRYPTOGRAPHIC EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . 60 A.35. 32. MESSAGE-SEND DEMONSTRATION EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . 61 A.36. 33. "TRAILER BEFORE MOVIE" COMMUNICATION EMBODIMENT . . 62 A.37. 34. ENCRYPTED FULL PAYLOAD WITH WITHHELD COMPLETION KEY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 A.38. 35. FILE TRANSFER EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 A.39. 36. PAYMENT DEMONSTRATION EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . 63 A.40. 37. ESCROW PAYMENT EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 A.41. 38. DATABASE COMMIT EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 A.42. 39. CLOUD DEPLOYMENT EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 A.43. 40. AI MODEL DEPLOYMENT EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . 65 A.44. 41. TOOL-USE EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 A.45. 42. CREDENTIAL RELEASE EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . 66 A.46. 43. DATA-EXPORT EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 A.47. 44. STORAGE RELEASE EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 A.48. 45. ROBOTIC ACTUATION EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 A.49. 46. HARDWARE ACTUATOR EXAMPLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 A.50. 47. VEHICLE CONTROL EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 A.51. 48. UAV OR MOBILE ROBOT EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . 69 A.52. 49. INDUSTRIAL CONTROL EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . 69 A.53. 50. TELECOMMUNICATIONS EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . 70 A.54. 51. RADIO OR SATELLITE EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . 70 A.55. 52. GPU / ACCELERATOR EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 A.56. 53. MODEL-STATE UPDATE EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . 71 A.57. 54. SOFTWARE UPDATE EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 A.58. 55. MULTI-DESTINATION EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 A.59. 56. MULTI-RECIPIENT MESSAGE EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . 72 A.60. 57. REPLICATED-SYSTEM EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 A.61. 58. CONSENSUS-BASED RECEIPT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 A.62. 59. NEGATIVE RECEIPT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 A.63. 60. INDETERMINATE RECEIPT STATE . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 A.64. 61. CRASH-AFTER-EFFECT EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . 74 A.65. 62. RECEIPT LOSS EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 A.66. 63. RECEIPT CONSUMPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 A.67. 64. RETURN-PATH BINDING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 A.68. 65. CROSS-DEVICE RECEIPT PROTECTION . . . . . . . . . . 75 A.69. 66. ANTI-SUBSTITUTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 A.70. 67. ANTI-DOWNGRADE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 5] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 A.71. 68. ANTI-SKIP RULE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 A.72. 69. ALTERNATIVE PATH CLOSURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 A.73. 70. PHASE-BOUND CREDENTIALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 A.74. 71. TIME-BOUND PHASES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 A.75. 72. POLICY-EPOCH BINDING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 A.76. 73. REVOCATION BETWEEN PHASES . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 A.77. 74. RISK INCREASE AFTER DEMONSTRATION . . . . . . . . . 78 A.78. 75. TAINT-AWARE STAGED EFFECTUATION . . . . . . . . . . 78 A.79. 76. RECEIPT QUALITY SCORE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 A.80. 77. PHASE-SIZE FUNCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 A.81. 78. REVERSIBILITY-AWARE PHASING . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 A.82. 79. IRREVERSIBLE-ACT EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 A.83. 80. PRE-DELIVERED CIPHERTEXT EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . 80 A.84. 81. PRE-STAGED HARDWARE COMMAND EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . 80 A.85. 82. PROTECTED LATCH EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 A.86. 83. FUSE / MONOTONIC STATE EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . 81 A.87. 84. DISTRIBUTED PED EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 A.88. 85. MULTIPLE FINALITY SINKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 A.89. 86. NESTED STAGED EFFECTUATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 A.90. 87. PARALLEL PHASE EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 A.91. 88. PARTIAL FAILURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 A.92. 89. SAFE ROLLBACK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 A.93. 90. COMPENSATING-ACTION EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . 83 A.94. 91. RECEIPT-OF-RECEIPT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 A.95. 92. FULL COMPLETION RECEIPT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 A.96. 93. RECEIPT TREE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 A.97. 94. PRIVACY-PRESERVING RECEIPTS . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 A.98. 95. ZERO-KNOWLEDGE EFFECT CONFIRMATION . . . . . . . . . 85 A.99. 96. TRUSTED-TIME RECEIPT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 A.100. 97. CROSS-JURISDICTION EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . 85 A.101. 98. MULTI-AUTHORITY APPROVAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 A.102. 99. AGENT-CANNOT-SELF-APPROVE RULE . . . . . . . . . . 86 A.103. 100. AUTOMATED POLICY AUTHORITY . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 A.104. 101. HUMAN + AUTOMATIC CONJUNCTION . . . . . . . . . . 87 A.105. 102. HUMAN OR AUTOMATIC DISJUNCTION . . . . . . . . . . 87 A.106. 103. ESCALATION FROM AUTOMATIC TO HUMAN . . . . . . . . 87 A.107. 104. REAL-TIME HARDWARE CONFIRMATION . . . . . . . . . 87 A.108. 105. SOFTWARE CONFIRMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 A.109. 106. MIXED SOFTWARE/HARDWARE CONFIRMATION . . . . . . . 88 A.110. 107. PROOF-OF-DELIVERY VERSUS PROOF-OF-EFFECT . . . . . 88 A.111. 108. EFFECT EQUIVALENCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 A.112. 109. EXACT-MATCH EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 A.113. 110. RANGE-MATCH EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 A.114. 111. MONOTONIC PROGRESS CONDITION . . . . . . . . . . . 90 A.115. 112. MAXIMUM EFFECT ENVELOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 A.116. 113. PHASE-SPECIFIC FINALITY SINKS . . . . . . . . . . 90 A.117. 114. SAME-SINK EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 A.118. 115. STATE MACHINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 6] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 A.119. 116. NO DIRECT TRANSITION TO FULL EFFECT . . . . . . . 91 A.120. 117. NON-BYPASSABLE CONTINUATION . . . . . . . . . . . 91 A.121. 118. ATOMIC RECEIPT-STATE UPDATE . . . . . . . . . . . 91 A.122. 119. DURABLE PHASE STATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 A.123. 120. MULTI-PHASE COMMUNICATION EXAMPLE . . . . . . . . 93 A.124. 121. MULTI-PHASE PAYMENT EXAMPLE . . . . . . . . . . . 93 A.125. 122. MULTI-PHASE HARDWARE EXAMPLE . . . . . . . . . . . 93 A.126. 123. ADVANTAGE OVER PURE PREDICTION . . . . . . . . . . 93 A.127. 124. ADVANTAGE OVER POST-HOC MONITORING . . . . . . . . 94 A.128. 125. ADVANTAGE OVER ORDINARY CANARY DEPLOYMENT . . . . 94 A.129. 126. ADVANTAGE OVER ORDINARY TWO-PHASE COMMIT . . . . . 94 A.130. 128. COMPONENT COLLAPSE VARIATION . . . . . . . . . . . 95 A.131. 129. COMPONENT DISTRIBUTION VARIATION . . . . . . . . . 95 A.132. 130. SOFTWARE-ONLY VARIATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 A.133. 131. HARDWARE-ROOTED VARIATION . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 A.134. 132. FIRMWARE VARIATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 A.135. 133. NETWORK VARIATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 A.136. 134. DESTINATION-SIDE VARIATION . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 A.137. 135. RECEIVER-LOCKED FULL EFFECT . . . . . . . . . . . 96 A.138. 136. SENDER-LOCKED FULL EFFECT . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 A.139. 137. DUAL-LOCK EMBODIMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 A.140. 138. PREAUTHORIZED MULTI-PHASE PLAN . . . . . . . . . . 97 A.141. 139. DYNAMIC HUMAN INTERVENTION . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 A.142. 140. TERMINATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 A.143. 141. CRYPTOGRAPHIC COMPLETION INVARIANT . . . . . . . . 97 A.144. 142. STRONG HARDWARE INVARIANT . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 A.145. 143. BROAD EFFECTUATION DEFINITION . . . . . . . . . . 98 A.146. 144. NON-LIMITING CHARACTER OF TERMINOLOGY . . . . . . 99 A.147. 145. PROPOSED DRAWING SET FOR THIS ADVANCED SECTION . . 99 A.148. FIG. A1 -- Single-Phase Effectuation . . . . . . . . . 99 A.149. FIG. A2 -- Demo Then Full . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 A.150. FIG. A3 -- Demo Then Progressive Full Effect . . . . . 100 A.151. FIG. A4 -- Protected Human Approval Variant . . . . . . 100 A.152. FIG. A5 -- Automatic Approval Variant . . . . . . . . . 100 A.153. FIG. A6 -- Hybrid Human + Automatic Approval . . . . . 100 A.154. FIG. A7 -- Software PED Architecture . . . . . . . . . 100 A.155. FIG. A8 -- Hardware PED Architecture . . . . . . . . . 101 A.156. FIG. A9 -- Hardware Cryptographic Key Chain . . . . . . 101 A.157. FIG. A10 -- Communication Trailer Demonstration . . . . 101 A.158. FIG. A11 -- Hardware Actuator Demonstration . . . . . . 101 A.159. FIG. A12 -- Crash / Indeterminate Recovery . . . . . . 101 A.160. 146. CENTRAL TECHNICAL STATEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . 102 A.161. APPENDIX A - BROAD DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETIVE . . . . 102 A.162. APPENDIX B - NOTATION, SYMBOLS, OPERATORS, AND . . . . . 110 Appendix B. Source-Derived IEV Core, Cross-Implementation, and Workflow Catalogue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 B.1. PART I - CORE INTERIM EFFECTUATION VALIDATOR . . . . . . 123 B.1.1. 1. Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 7] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 B.1.2. 2. Interim Effectuation Validator Definition . . . . 124 B.1.3. 3. Decision Independence and Neutrality . . . . . . 125 B.1.4. 4. First-Phase Direct Effectuation . . . . . . . . . 126 B.1.5. 5. Effectuation Evidence Returned to the IEV . . . . 126 B.1.6. 6. Evidence of Where Effectuation Actually Occurred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 B.1.7. 7. Independent Validation of the Earlier Phase . . . 128 B.1.8. 8. Comparison of Expected and Actual Effect . . . . 129 B.1.9. 9. Successful Interim Validation . . . . . . . . . . 129 B.1.10. 10. Binding the Continuation Instruction to the Verified Prior Effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 B.1.11. 11. Finality Sink Dependence on the IEV . . . . . . 130 B.1.12. 12. Multi-Phase Interim Validation . . . . . . . . . 131 B.1.13. 13. Misalignment Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 B.1.14. 14. Human Escalation Following Misalignment . . . . 132 B.1.15. 15. Automated Error-Catcher / Remediation Path . . . 132 B.1.16. 16. Indeterminate Result . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 B.1.17. 17. Protected Middle Decision Plane . . . . . . . . 133 B.1.18. 18. On-Chip Embodiment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 B.1.19. 19. Physically Separate IEV Embodiment . . . . . . . 134 B.1.20. 20. SEND / Communication Example . . . . . . . . . . 134 B.1.21. 21. Payment Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 B.1.22. 22. Hardware Actuator Example . . . . . . . . . . . 135 B.1.23. 23. Multiple Evidence Sources . . . . . . . . . . . 135 B.1.24. 24. Logical Distinction Without Physical Separation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 B.1.25. 25. Anti-Bypass Requirement . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 B.1.26. 26. Required Core Invariants . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 B.1.27. 27. Central Technical Statement . . . . . . . . . . 137 B.2. PART II - CROSS-EMBODIMENT TECHNICAL IMPLEMENTATION OF THE IEV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 B.2.1. 28. Applicability to Other Embodiments . . . . . . . 137 B.2.2. 29. Technical Insertion Rule . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 B.2.3. 30. Concrete IEV Input Interface . . . . . . . . . . 138 B.2.4. 31. Protected IEV State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 B.2.5. 32. Protected IEV Validation Algorithm . . . . . . . 140 B.2.6. 33. Exact, Range, Tolerance, Set, and Predicate Validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 B.2.7. 34. Continuation Validation Instruction . . . . . . 141 B.2.8. 35. Finality Sink Verification of IEV Output . . . . 141 B.2.9. 36. Cryptographically Missing Continuation Material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 B.2.10. 37. Split-Key Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 B.2.11. 38. Hardware-Latch Implementation . . . . . . . . . 143 B.2.12. 39. Secure-Mailbox Implementation . . . . . . . . . 143 B.2.13. 40. Protected Shared-Memory Implementation . . . . . 143 B.2.14. 41. Kernel / Operating-System Implementation . . . . 143 B.2.15. 42. Network Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 8] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 B.2.16. 43. Database / Transaction Implementation . . . . . 144 B.2.17. 44. Storage Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 B.2.18. 45. Communication / SEND Implementation . . . . . . 145 B.2.19. 46. Payment Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 B.2.20. 47. Robotic / Vehicle / Actuator Implementation . . 146 B.2.21. 48. Telecom / Radio / Satellite Implementation . . . 146 B.2.22. 49. GPU / Accelerator Implementation . . . . . . . . 146 B.2.23. 50. AI Tool-Use Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . 146 B.2.24. 51. Model-State / Memory Update Implementation . . . 147 B.2.25. 52. Software / Firmware Update Implementation . . . 147 B.2.26. 53. Multi-Destination Implementation . . . . . . . . 147 B.2.27. 54. Quorum / Consensus Implementation . . . . . . . 148 B.2.28. 55. Human Escalation Implementation . . . . . . . . 148 B.2.29. 56. Automated Error-Catcher Implementation . . . . . 148 B.2.30. 57. Atomic Validation, Consumption, and Phase Advancement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 B.2.31. 58. Crash After IEV Approval . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 B.2.32. 59. Crash During the Next Effect . . . . . . . . . . 149 B.2.33. 60. Anti-Substitution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 B.2.34. 61. Anti-Bypass Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . 149 B.2.35. 62. Concrete Cross-Embodiment Insertion Procedure . 150 B.2.36. 2. Cause the responsible Finality Sink, effect observer, destination, transaction system, sensor, or protected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 B.2.37. 3. Route the authenticated evidence to an IEV having protected state and policy not arbitrarily writable by . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 B.2.38. 4. Cause the IEV to authenticate the evidence and compare the observed effect with the authorized and . 151 B.2.39. 5. Where required conditions match, cause the IEV to generate or enable a phase-specific continuation . . 151 B.2.40. 6. Configure the next Finality Sink or effect-capable boundary to require that continuation condition before . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 B.2.41. 63. Cross-Embodiment Technical Invariant . . . . . . 151 B.3. PART III - STEP-BY-STEP PSEUDOCODE / OPERATIONAL WORKFLOW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 B.4. Appendix A - Mathematical Consistency Notes . . . . . . . 167 B.4.1. 1. Phase indexing. Pi is the real effectuation phase whose outcome is described by Ri . The IEV validates 167 B.4.2. 2. Continuation indexing. CV Ii+1 is always the continuation instruction associated with the next phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 B.4.3. 3. Expected versus observed effect. Xi is the protected expected result; Oi is the protected observed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 9] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 B.4.4. 4. Envelope rule. No successful receipt or IEV decision enlarges the operation beyond EnvelopeMAX unless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 B.4.5. 5. Key derivation. Ki+1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 B.4.6. 6. Split-key rule. Ki+1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 B.4.7. 7. Human escalation. Human approval does not automatically erase the earlier mismatch. A protected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 B.4.8. 8. Indeterminate state. Absence of proof of effect is not treated as proof of non-effect. Where effect status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 B.4.9. 10. Non-bypassability. Any act-equivalent path capable of producing the protected next effect should . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 B.5. Appendix B - Central IEV Relationships . . . . . . . . . 168 Appendix C. Source-Derived Software, VM, OS, Mobile, and Application Catalogue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 C.1. 1. Purpose and Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 C.2. 2. Formal Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 C.3. 3. Canonical Functional Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . 170 C.4. 4. IEV Decision Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 C.5. 5. Effect Comparison Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 C.6. 5.1 Exact equality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 C.7. 5.2 Tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 C.8. 5.3 Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 C.9. 5.4 Authorized result set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 C.10. 5.5 Predicate set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 C.11. 6. Software IEV Protection Requirements . . . . . . . . 172 C.12. 7. Generic Software State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172 C.13. 8. Continuation Validation Instruction . . . . . . . . . 173 C.14. 9. Tokenless Continuation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173 C.15. 10. Receipt-Derived Execution Material . . . . . . . . . 173 C.16. 11. Isolated Virtual Machine Embodiment . . . . . . . . 173 C.17. 12. VM Network Embodiment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 C.18. 13. VM Storage Embodiment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 C.19. 14. MicroVM Embodiment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 C.20. 15. Linux Process-Separated Embodiment . . . . . . . . . 174 C.21. 16. Linux Namespace and Container Embodiment . . . . . . 175 C.22. 17. Linux Kernel/LSM/eBPF-Adjacent Embodiment . . . . . 175 C.23. 18. Linux Credential Broker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 C.24. 19. Android System-Service Embodiment . . . . . . . . . 175 C.25. 20. Android Protected Binder Interface . . . . . . . . . 175 C.26. 21. Android Hardware-Backed Key Embodiment . . . . . . . 176 C.27. 22. Android TEE Embodiment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 C.28. 23. Android App-Only / Backend Embodiment . . . . . . . 176 C.29. 27. Windows Service Embodiment . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 C.30. 28. Windows VBS-Enclave-Assisted Embodiment . . . . . . 177 C.31. 29. Ordinary Desktop Application Embodiment . . . . . . 177 Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 10] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 C.32. 30. Same-Process Lower-Assurance Embodiment . . . . . . 178 C.33. 31. Local-Plus-Remote Validator . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 C.34. 32. Application Backend Finality . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 C.35. 33. SEND / Communication Example . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 C.36. 34. Payment Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 C.37. 35. File / Data Release Example . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 C.38. 36. AI Tool-Use Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 C.39. 37. GPU / Accelerator Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 C.40. 38. Database / Storage Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 C.41. 39. Software / Firmware Rollout Example . . . . . . . . 180 C.42. 40. Human Escalation in Software . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 C.43. 41. Fully Automatic Remediation . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 C.44. 42. Process Crash and Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 C.45. 43. Effect Occurred but Receipt Missing . . . . . . . . 181 C.46. 44. Anti-Bypass Requirement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 C.47. 45. Validator-Substitution Invariance . . . . . . . . . 181 C.48. 45.1 Core principle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 C.49. 45.2 Functional equivalence relation . . . . . . . . . . 182 C.50. 46. Validator Substitution Example - Linux Daemon to Isolated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182 C.51. 47. Validator Substitution Example - Android Local Service to . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182 C.52. 48. Validator Substitution Example - Windows Service to VBSAssisted Validator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182 C.53. 49. Validator Substitution Example - iOS Local/Remote Mix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 C.54. 50. Validator Substitution Example - Same Process to Separate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 C.55. 51. Validator Substitution Example - Single IEV to Threshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 C.56. 52. Validator Substitution Example - Token to Protected State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184 C.57. 53. Validator Substitution Example - Software Key to Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184 C.58. 54. Implementation Independence Statement . . . . . . . 184 C.59. 55. Platform-Independent Enhanced Embodiment . . . . . . 185 C.60. 56. Mathematical Platform-Neutral Invariant . . . . . . 185 C.61. 57. Final Technical Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186 Appendix D. Source-Derived Taint, Boundary Surrogation, and Privilege-Separation Catalogue . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 D.1. 1. Purpose and Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 D.2. 2. Formal Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 D.3. 3. Act-Originating Domain and Protected Domain . . . . . 189 D.4. 4. Taint Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190 D.5. 5. Taint Propagation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190 D.6. 6. Taint Representation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 D.7. 7. Protected Origin Attribution . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 D.8. 8. Taint-Dependent Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 11] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 D.9. 9. Surrogate Credential Concept . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 D.10. 10. Surrogate Scope and Binding . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 D.11. 11. Protected Credential Authority . . . . . . . . . . . 193 D.12. 12. Boundary Credential Substitution or Resolution . . . 194 D.13. 13. Boundary Swap Predicate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 D.14. 14. Credential Is Not Returned to the Agent . . . . . . 194 D.15. 15. Finality Sink Incorporating Credential Resolution . 195 D.16. 16. Privilege-Separated Connector Execution . . . . . . 195 D.17. 17. Three Distinct Security Functions . . . . . . . . . 195 D.18. 1. Privilege placement - where effect-capable code executes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 D.19. 18. Network Boundary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 D.20. 19. Browser Broker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196 D.21. 20. Independent Safety and Risk Classifiers . . . . . . 197 D.22. 21. Candidate-Act Descriptor with Taint and Provenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 D.23. 22. Real Bounded First Effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 D.24. 23. Protected Effect Receipt Including Boundary Context . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198 D.25. 24. IEV Validation of Effect and Boundary Behavior . . . 198 D.26. 25. Effect Comparison Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198 D.27. 26. Boundary Substitution Detection . . . . . . . . . . 199 D.28. 27. Equivalent Boundary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 D.29. 28. Boundary-Substitution Invariance . . . . . . . . . . 199 D.30. 29. Surrogate-Representation Invariance . . . . . . . . 199 D.31. 30. No-Explicit-Surrogate Variant . . . . . . . . . . . 200 D.32. 31. Surrogate Plus IEV Continuation . . . . . . . . . . 200 D.33. 32. Taint Plus Surrogate Gating . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 D.34. 33. Taint Change Between Phases . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 D.35. 34. Effectuation-Time Taint Revalidation . . . . . . . . 201 D.36. 35. SEND Example - Tainted Context . . . . . . . . . . . 201 D.37. 36. SEND With Human Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201 D.38. 37. SEND Without Human Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201 D.39. 38. Payment Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 D.40. 39. Browser Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 D.41. 40. Connector Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 D.42. 41. Cross-Tool Taint Propagation . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 D.43. 42. Taint Snapshot in Receipt Chain . . . . . . . . . . 203 D.44. 43. Durable-State Separation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203 D.45. 44. Authenticated IPC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203 D.46. 45. Human Approval as a Protected Capability . . . . . . 203 D.47. 46. Read/Write Privilege Separation . . . . . . . . . . 203 D.48. 47. Sensitive-Content Filtering . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 D.49. 48. Protected Inference Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 D.50. 49. Defense in Depth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 D.51. 50. Strong Next-Phase Authorization Expression . . . . . 204 D.52. 51. Anti-Bypass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 D.53. 52. Implementation Independence . . . . . . . . . . . . 205 Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 12] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 D.54. 53. Replacement Invariance Across Security Mechanisms . 205 D.55. 54. Combined Invariance Function . . . . . . . . . . . . 205 D.56. 55. Non-Limiting Pseudocode - Protected Taint-Aware Boundary and IEV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206 D.57. 56. Non-Limiting Pseudocode - Taint Propagation . . . . 207 D.58. 57. Non-Limiting Pseudocode - Boundary Credential Resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207 D.59. 58. Non-Limiting Pseudocode - IEV Validation . . . . . . 208 D.60. 59. Non-Limiting Pseudocode - SEND Trailer Then Full Payload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 D.61. 60. Non-Limiting Pseudocode - Automatic Misalignment Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210 D.62. 61. Example - Linux / VM Deployment . . . . . . . . . . 211 D.63. 62. Example - Android / Mobile Deployment . . . . . . . 211 D.64. 63. Example - Windows / Desktop Deployment . . . . . . . 211 D.65. 64. Example - iOS / Sandboxed App Deployment . . . . . . 212 D.66. 65. Commercial Deployment Forms . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 D.67. 66. Final Technical Invariants . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213 Appendix E. Consolidated Functional Invariants . . . . . . . . . 213 Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214 Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214 1. Introduction Increasingly capable software can propose or initiate operations that send communications, transfer value, mutate persistent data, deploy software, invoke tools, modify model state, release credentials, change network state, or actuate physical devices. The architecture in this document distinguishes computation that proposes an act from authority that makes the act consequential. For selected operations, the complete requested consequence need not be authorized at once. A system can first permit a bounded real effect, obtain protected evidence of what actually happened, independently validate that evidence, and only then establish the protected condition required for a later or broader effect. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 13] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 Candidate Act | v Protected Validation / Phase Authority | v Finality Sink FS[i] | v REAL EFFECT E[i] | v Protected Evidence R[i] | v Interim Effectuation Validator IEV[i] | v Protected Continuation Gamma[i+1] | v Finality Sink FS[i+1] | v REAL EFFECT E[i+1] Figure 1: Core receipt-gated inter-phase sequence The sequence can be repeated for multiple phases. A deployment can also select a direct single protected phase where staged operation is unnecessary. The source material distinguishes a real bounded effect from simulation, preview, prediction, or dry-run and treats receipt validation as part of the authority chain rather than merely as post- hoc telemetry. 2. Conventions and Requirement Language The key words MUST, MUST NOT, REQUIRED, SHALL, SHALL NOT, SHOULD, SHOULD NOT, RECOMMENDED, NOT RECOMMENDED, MAY, and OPTIONAL in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14 when, and only when, they appear in all capitals. See [RFC2119] and [RFC8174]. This document defines an abstract experimental architecture rather than a mandatory wire protocol. Normative statements apply only to implementations claiming the corresponding conformance profile. Domain and platform examples are non-normative unless a profile explicitly incorporates them. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 14] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 3. Scope and Non-Goals * Separate proposal or computation from effectuation authority. * Support single-phase, demonstration-then-full, and arbitrary multi-phase effectuation. * Make a later phase technically dependent on accepted evidence from an earlier real phase where staged operation is selected. * Support automatic, human, hybrid, pre-authorized, and multi- authority progression policies. * Support software, firmware, hardware, network, storage, transaction, cryptographic, destination-side, and mixed enforcement. * Support taint/provenance-aware policy and late credential binding at a protected boundary. * Define anti-substitution, anti-downgrade, anti-skip, replay, crash, reconciliation, and alternate-path requirements. * Remain invariant to validator placement, component collapse or distribution, explicit-token versus tokenless continuation, and equivalent boundary or credential implementations when the required functional properties are preserved. * Do not require every operation to be staged. A protected policy can choose direct single-phase effectuation, staged progression, reduced scope, escalation, or denial. * Do not define one mandatory serialization, transport, operating system, credential system, policy language, or user-interface mechanism. 4. Terminology and Mathematical Notation Candidate Act A A proposed consequential operation or requested act. Candidate Act Digest D_A A stable protected binding of A; one illustrative form is D_A = H(Canon(A)). Phase P_i The authorized phase specification for phase i. Real Effect E_i The actual consequential effect produced by executing phase i. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 15] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 Expected Effect X_i Expected effect or expected protected properties for phase i. Observed Effect O_i Observed effect or protected observation derived from effect evidence. Effect Evidence / Receipt R_i Protected evidence associated with E_i. Finality Sink FS_i An effect-capable boundary that controls whether phase i becomes effective. Interim Effectuation Validator IEV_i A protected validation function that evaluates evidence of phase i before a subsequent protected continuation condition is established. IEV State S_IEV_i Protected validator state for phase i. Interim Validation Input Record IVIR_i A structured input containing expected and observed phase information, receipt bindings, and protected context. Continuation Validation Instruction CVI_i+1 One explicit protected representation of the continuation condition for phase i+1. Protected Continuation Gamma_i+1 The generic condition required for the next phase. It can be explicit or implicit, transferable or tokenless. Authorized Envelope Envelope_MAX The maximum authorized cumulative consequence or scope. Taint tau(x) Protected trust, provenance, information-flow, context, or risk-relevant state associated with x. Surrogate Credential sigma_i A credential handle, alias, reference, placeholder, or non-authoritative representation used instead of exposing the actual effect-capable credential. Real Credential K_real_i The actual secret, credential, key, or protected use authority needed for an effect-capable operation. Policy Epoch PE / p_i Protected policy version or state. Revocation Epoch RE / r_i Protected revocation version or state. Indeterminate A state in which the system cannot prove effect, non- Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 16] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 effect, receipt state, or continuation eligibility sufficiently for ordinary progression. D_A = H(Canon(A)) Canonical progression: E_i -> R_i -> IEV_i -> Gamma_{i+1} -> FS_{i+1} -> E_{i+1} Multi-phase progression: P_0 -> R_0 -> IEV_0 -> Gamma_1 -> P_1 -> R_1 -> IEV_1 -> Gamma_2 -> ... -> P_n -> R_n Authorized envelope: Scope(P_i) <= Envelope_MAX Figure 2: Core notation 5. Architectural Roles 5.1. Candidate Act Source An AI agent, application, workflow engine, operating system, controller, human-operated application, or other source that forms or submits a proposed act. Proposal does not itself confer final effectuation authority. 5.2. Protected Policy / Enforcement Domain One or more components that evaluate current policy, authority, revocation, risk, taint, provenance, destination, resource, receipt state, and applicable progression mode. 5.3. Finality Sink The component or protected function able to transmit, commit, persist, settle, actuate, route, decrypt, sign, render, expose, or otherwise cause the relevant consequence. 5.4. Effect Observer A sink, destination, recipient, transaction system, database, storage engine, network component, protected sensor, hardware controller, or other source meaningfully connected to what actually occurred. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 17] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 5.5. Interim Effectuation Validator A protected decision function that authenticates and binds evidence, compares expected and observed effect properties, evaluates protected conditions, and establishes or withholds next-phase continuation. 5.6. Credential Authority An optional protected component that holds or uses actual effect- capable credentials while exposing only a surrogate, handle, or restricted reference to the lower-trust act source. 5.7. Human or Automated Remediation Authority An optional protected authority that can provide a bounded response to misalignment. Its output does not need to be direct unrestricted effectuation authority; it can return to the IEV or Finality Sink for validation. 6. Conformance Profiles EF-BASE Single-phase protected effectuation. A Candidate Act remains distinct from final effectuation authority and a Finality Sink verifies required protected authority before effectuation. EF-STAGED At least one bounded real effect precedes a later or broader effect, and accepted evidence of the earlier effect is technically relevant to the later continuation decision. EF-IEV EF-STAGED plus independent interim validation of protected earlier-effect evidence and establishment of Gamma_i+1 before the later Finality Sink can make the next required phase effective. EF-TAINT-SURROGATE EF-IEV plus protected origin attribution, taint/ provenance evaluation, and surrogate or non-exportable credential resolution at a protected effectuation boundary or equivalent late-binding authority mechanism. EF-NON-BYPASS Any applicable profile plus closure of act-equivalent alternate effect paths so required protected validation cannot be avoided through alternate APIs, credentials, sockets, database roles, device paths, debug interfaces, recovery interfaces, or equivalent routes. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 18] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 7. Core Conformance Requirements REQ1: An implementation MUST distinguish the proposed Candidate Act or authorized act class from the actual effect-capable operation. REQ2: An EF-STAGED or EF-IEV implementation MUST use at least one real effectuation phase or real effect-relevant state transition before a required later phase. A simulation-only or prediction-only event does not satisfy this requirement. REQ3: A phase MUST NOT exceed Envelope_MAX solely because one or more earlier phases succeeded. REQ4: Protected effect evidence MUST be bound sufficiently to the relevant act or act class, phase, and effect context to prevent material substitution for the claimed profile. REQ5: An EF-IEV implementation MUST prevent the Candidate Act Source from arbitrarily writing an accepted IEV PASS state or an equivalent next-phase continuation condition. REQ6: Receipt existence alone MUST NOT automatically establish next-phase authority in EF-IEV. Required IEV validation or an explicitly permitted equivalent protected transition MUST occur first. REQ7: The next Finality Sink MUST verify or consume the required Gamma_i+1 before making the corresponding gated next phase effective. REQ8: Evidence and continuation state intended to be single-use MUST be protected against replay or duplicate consumption. REQ9: A mandatory false predicate MUST prevent ordinary progression. A mandatory UNKNOWN or INDETERMINATE predicate MUST follow the deployment-defined reconciliation, reduced- scope, escalation, safe-state, or termination behavior rather than silently being treated as true. REQ10: Where EF-NON-BYPASS is claimed, every known act-equivalent effect-capable path MUST be disabled, mediated, restricted, or subjected to an equivalent protected continuation condition. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 19] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 8. Candidate Act Binding and Maximum Envelope Where exact or stable act identity is required, a deployment can canonicalize A and compute D_A. Canonicalization is non-mandatory if another deterministic and interoperably understood binding mechanism prevents material act substitution. A_C = Canon(A) D_A = H(A_C) Authority(A) !=> Authority(B) for unauthorized materially different B. RequestedNextScope > Envelope_MAX => DENY Figure 3: Act binding and envelope 9. Effectuation Modes 9.1. Single-Phase Protected Effectuation Candidate Act -> Protected Validation -> Effectuation Authority -> Finality Sink -> Authorized Effect -> Completion Evidence Figure 4: Single-phase sequence Single-phase mode remains within the architecture. Protected policy may select it where staging is unnecessary or would impose unacceptable latency relative to consequence. 9.2. Demonstration Then Full Effectuation Candidate Act -> bounded authority -> FS_0 -> real bounded effect E_0 -> R_0 -> IEV_0 -> Gamma_1 -> FS_1 -> broader/full effect E_1 Figure 5: Two-stage sequence The first stage can be bounded by amount, bytes, recipient, destination, resource set, duration, actuator range, privilege, cryptographic scope, deployment population, transaction state, or another consequence dimension. 9.3. Progressive Multi-Phase Effectuation E_0 -> R_0 -> IEV_0 -> Gamma_1 -> E_1 -> R_1 -> IEV_1 -> Gamma_2 -> ... -> E_n -> R_n Figure 6: Multi-phase sequence Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 20] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 Each gated phase can use a distinct Finality Sink or the same physical sink with protected phase state. Sequence binding can use phase counters, receipt chaining, protected transaction state, state machines, or equivalent methods. 10. Effect Evidence and Receipt Semantics A receipt can represent successful, failed, partial, negative, or indeterminate outcomes. It can be generated by the Finality Sink, destination, independent observer, transaction system, storage engine, protected sensor, network component, secure hardware, or a combination of observers. EffectReceipt R_i = { act_digest, phase_id, phase_authority_digest?, observed_effect, sink_id, destination_id?, observer_id?, resource_id?, transaction_id?, nonce, counter?, policy_epoch?, revocation_epoch?, timestamp?, status, previous_receipt_digest?, taint_state?, provenance_digest?, authenticator } Figure 7: Illustrative Effect Receipt The structure is illustrative. A deployment can use signatures, MACs, attestations, authenticated encryption, protected shared memory, transaction records, hardware registers, append-only state, or another machine-verifiable representation. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 21] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 11. Interim Effectuation Validation The IEV is positioned functionally between evidence of an earlier real effect and authority for a required later effect. The first phase need not traverse the IEV before it occurs; the IEV can begin its role after protected evidence of the first real phase is available. IVIR_i = { ActDigest, PhaseID, PhaseAuthorityDigest?, ExpectedEffect, ObservedEffect, SinkID, DestinationID?, ObserverID?, ResourceID?, TransactionID?, Nonce, Counter?, PolicyEpoch?, RevocationEpoch?, ReceiptDigest, Timestamp?, ResultCode? } Figure 8: Illustrative Interim Validation Input Record Pass_i = AuthValid(R_i) AND ActMatch(R_i, D_A) AND PhaseMatch(R_i, i) AND SinkMatch(R_i, FS_i) AND DestinationMatch(R_i) AND Fresh(R_i) AND NOT Consumed(R_i) AND EffectAcceptable(O_i, X_i) AND PolicyCurrent(p_i) AND RevocationClear(r_i) AND WithinEnvelope(P_{i+1}) Figure 9: Illustrative IEV PASS predicate The predicate is non-limiting. Deployments select the predicates appropriate to the effect class and evidence quality. The source material permits PASS, FAIL, HOLD, RECONCILE, REDUCE, REMEDIATE, ESCALATE, and TERMINATE-like outcomes. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 22] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 12. Effect Comparison Models Exact: O_i = X_i Tolerance: d(O_i, X_i) <= epsilon_i Scalar: |O_i - X_i| <= epsilon_i Range: L_i <= O_i <= U_i Set: O_i in A_i Predicate: AND_{k=1..m} Q_{i,k}(O_i) = true Figure 10: Non-limiting comparison models Different comparison modes can apply to recipient identity, route, amount, transaction state, persistence, deployment health, sensor response, hardware position, model-state mutation, network state, or other effect properties. 13. Continuation Conditions Gamma_i+1 is intentionally generic. It can be an explicit signed CVI, MAC, state bit, protected policy transition, key or key share, transaction state, hardware latch, secure mailbox record, protected register, database state, network permit, destination-side state, or another condition that the next Finality Sink cannot validly ignore in the claimed profile. CVI_{i+1} = Protect_IEV({ D_A, prior_phase = i, next_phase = i+1, prior_receipt = H(R_i), next_scope, next_sink, next_destination?, policy_epoch, revocation_epoch?, iev_counter, expiry? }) Figure 11: Illustrative CVI 13.1. Receipt-Derived Execution Material K_{i+1} = KDF(K_IEV_ROOT, D_A, H(R_i), i+1, FS_{i+1}, Ctr_{i+1}) If validation does not pass, K_{i+1} can remain unavailable, sealed, incomplete, or ungenerated. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 23] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 Figure 12: Receipt-dependent key derivation 13.2. Split-Key Realization K_FINAL_{i+1} = Combine(K_FS_{i+1}, K_IEV_{i+1}) Figure 13: Split-key continuation 13.3. Tokenless Realization ContinuationState[i+1] := VALID FS_{i+1} requires ContinuationState[i+1] == VALID Figure 14: Tokenless protected state 14. Finality-Sink Verification at the Next Phase Before making a gated next phase effective, the Finality Sink rechecks the protected continuation and current state. A prior IEV PASS does not remove current policy or revocation checks where the deployment requires them. Enable(E_{i+1}) = ContinuationValid(Gamma_{i+1}) AND PolicyCurrent(p_i) AND RevocationClear(r_i) AND DestinationValid(Dest_{i+1}) AND ScopeAuthorized(P_{i+1}) Figure 15: Next-phase enable predicate 15. Human, Automatic, and Hybrid Progression Approval policy and staged effectuation are separate controls. The first phase, later phases, or both can use automatic protected policy, protected human approval, standing authorization envelopes, hybrid conjunctions, disjunctions, or multi-authority rules. 15.1. Human Escalation after Misalignment When the IEV detects a mismatch, it can construct a protected escalation record binding the act, receipt, expected effect, observed effect, deviation, proposed next scope, and relevant protected context. A human can deny, restrict, permit another bounded trial, select an authorized destination, require rollback or compensation, or terminate. The resulting decision can return through the protected IEV/Finality-Sink path rather than directly granting unrestricted execution authority. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 24] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 15.2. Automatic Remediation Misalignment need not require a person. A protected automated controller can propose re-query, re-attestation, bounded retry, reduced scope, alternate authorized sink, rollback, compensation, reconciliation, quarantine, or termination. The proposal can be validated by the IEV before a bounded remediation continuation is established. 16. Crash, Receipt Loss, and Indeterminate Outcomes A timeout or missing receipt is not equivalent to proof that an effect did not occur. Where duplicate consequence would be unsafe, blind retry is prohibited by the profile until reconciliation establishes a safe state. Effect issued -> outcome uncertain -> INDETERMINATE Reconcile using one or more of: act digest, phase ID, nonce, transaction ID, idempotency ID, destination query, sink state, protected journal, database state, device state, sensor state, network state, protected counter. Possible classifications: PROVEN_EFFECTED PROVEN_NOT_EFFECTED PARTIALLY_EFFECTED STILL_INDETERMINATE Figure 16: Reconciliation state classification A recovered or reconstructed receipt still passes through the applicable IEV validation; recovery does not silently imply continuation. 17. Replay, Anti-Substitution, Anti-Downgrade, and Anti-Skip * A consumed R_i or one-time Gamma_i MUST NOT be accepted again for the same single-use transition. * A valid authenticator over a materially different act, destination, resource, sink, phase, or scope does not authorize the intended transition unless policy explicitly defines them as equivalent. * A required high-assurance observer, trial class, or boundary must not be replaced by a weaker class unless protected policy permits that downgrade. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 25] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * A mandatory intermediate phase must not be skipped by directly invoking a later phase through an alternate API or effect-capable path. * Phase counters, receipt chains, protected transaction state, or equivalent state machines can enforce phase ordering. 18. Anti-Bypass and Implementation-Equivalence Requirements The architecture is defined by protected causal relationships rather than by a particular product topology. A company or deployment can collapse or distribute components, replace an explicit token with protected state, move validation to the destination, change proxy technology, or change the operating-system mechanism while preserving the same functional sequence. For every act-equivalent path q: EffectCapable(q) => RequireProtectedContinuation(q) OR DisableOrRestrict(q) Core invariant: E_i -> R_i -> IEV_i -> Gamma_{i+1} -> FS_{i+1} -> E_{i+1} Figure 17: Anti-bypass functional rule * Component collapse: one physical component can implement validation, observation, continuation state, and Finality-Sink functions if protected state prevents skipping the required transition. * Component distribution: the same functions can span devices, administrative domains, cloud services, HSMs, gateways, destinations, or hardware controllers. * Explicit-token substitution: a CVI can be replaced with a state bit, latch, key share, transaction state, secure mailbox, protected register, or equivalent condition. * Validator substitution: an isolated VM, microVM, Linux daemon, Android service, iOS-associated or backend service, Windows service, enclave, app process, cloud service, or distributed validator can implement the IEV function. * Boundary substitution: a forward proxy, kernel gate, API gateway, SmartNIC, DPU, transaction engine, destination-side gate, or another effect-capable protected boundary can implement the Finality-Sink role. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 26] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * Credential representation substitution: a token, handle, alias, key reference, credential slot, or non-exportable object reference can implement the surrogate role. 19. Taint, Provenance, and Protected Origin Attribution An EF-TAINT-SURROGATE deployment can associate taint with processes, data, context, tool output, provenance, Candidate Acts, or resources. Taint is not limited to byte-level data-flow labels; it can represent semantic, context, provenance, behavioral-risk, confidentiality, or trust state. tau_out = Join(tau_process, tau_input_1, ..., tau_input_n) tau(A_{i+1}) = Propagate(tau(A_i), tau(Context), tau(ToolOutputs), tau(Provenance)) UnableToValidateTaint !=> CLEAN UnableToValidateTaint => UNVERIFIABLE Figure 18: Taint propagation and fail-safe classification Protected origin attribution can bind a request to a process, UID, cgroup, namespace, executable measurement, code signature, VM, container, authenticated IPC peer, session, task, agent, or another protected origin identifier. The exact operating-system mechanism is not part of the architecture. 20. Surrogate Credentials and Boundary Credential Resolution The act-generating domain can receive a surrogate credential sigma_i while the actual effect-capable credential K_real_i remains outside its unrestricted memory or control. The boundary resolves, substitutes, activates, or uses the actual credential only after required protected checks succeed. sigma_i != K_real_i K_real_i not-in Memory(D_A_domain) sigma_i ->[protected boundary after checks]-> K_real_i Figure 19: Credential surrogation Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 27] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 SwapAllowed_i = SurrogateValid(sigma_i) AND OriginAuthorized_i AND PolicyCurrent_i AND TaintPermitted_i AND DestinationValid_i AND ScopeValid_i SwapAllowed_{i+1} = SurrogateValid(sigma_{i+1}) AND ContinuationValid(Gamma_{i+1}) AND PolicyCurrent_{i+1} AND RevocationClear_{i+1} AND DestinationCurrent_{i+1} AND TaintAcceptable_{i+1} Figure 20: Illustrative boundary credential predicates 21. Privilege-Separated Connector and Browser Execution Connector or browser functionality can be split between a lower-trust stub and a privileged worker or broker. The act source can prepare typed arguments without receiving unrelated credentials or unrestricted network/device authority. Worker identity can constrain credential classes, and provider credential scope can be narrower at the agent-effect layer through protected local policy. Credential insertion into a browser, API request, connector, payment rail, or cloud request can occur through a protected path without exposing the real credential to the act-generating process. Independent safety or risk classifiers can contribute predicates but are not required to become direct effectuation authorities. 22. Platform-Neutral Software and Virtualized Realizations The IEV and Finality-Sink functions can be placed in different software or hardware domains. The validator location is not the validator function. A change of validator implementation does not alter the functional sequence if the protected causal dependency remains enforced. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 28] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 For implementation v: delta_i^(v) = V_i^(v)(R_i, S_i^(v)) Gamma_{i+1}^(v) = G^(v)(delta_i^(v), D_A, H(R_i), P_{i+1}, p_i, r_i) Enable^(v)(E_{i+1}) = ContinuationValid(Gamma_{i+1}^(v)) AND PolicyCurrent(p_i) AND RevocationClear(r_i) AND DestinationValid(Dest_{i+1}) AND ScopeAuthorized(P_{i+1}) Figure 21: Validator-substitution invariant 22.1. Isolated VM / microVM The act-generating workload can run in one VM or microVM, the IEV in another protected domain, and the Finality Sink in a host broker, hypervisor service, separate VM, or remote service. Network and storage paths can remain mediated. 22.2. Linux Separate agent, effect broker, observer, IEV daemon, policy daemon, and credential daemon can be isolated by UID, namespace, cgroup, SELinux/AppArmor-like MAC, seccomp, LSM/eBPF-adjacent mechanisms, VM boundaries, or combinations. The specific Linux primitive is non- limiting. 22.3. Android / mobile The act source can be an ordinary or isolated app process; Binder/ system-service/backend mediation can implement the Finality Sink; hardware-backed or server-side credential authority can keep real credentials outside the app; the IEV can be local, TEE-assisted, remote, or distributed. 22.4. iOS / iPadOS / macOS Where a third-party app cannot mediate all OS resources locally, the strongest Finality Sink and IEV can be server-side while local helper, extension, secure-key, or platform mechanisms contribute evidence or protected identity. The functional sequence remains the same. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 29] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 22.5. Windows / desktop A restricted process or AppContainer-like act source can use a broker service as Finality Sink, a separate or enclave-assisted service as IEV, and a credential broker that never returns unrestricted credentials to the app. 22.6. Ordinary application / backend The architecture can be implemented entirely at application and backend layers using separate processes, service identities, protected state, authenticated IPC, server-side effect brokers, and remote evidence. 23. Domain Profiles and Examples 23.1. SEND and file/message communication Transmit a real trailer, challenge, bounded pre-release object, or encrypted limited portion; obtain recipient/endpoint evidence; validate it; then release the remaining payload, attachment, message, or completion key. If a payment example is used, this communication analogue demonstrates the same control relationship for SEND. 23.2. Payment and settlement Perform a bounded authorization, hold, verification transfer, escrow reservation, or tranche; validate beneficiary, account, amount, currency, rail, and transaction state; then authorize capture, settlement, or a later tranche. 23.3. File and data release Release a manifest, bounded chunk, ciphertext fragment, or provisional object; validate destination storage state; then release remaining bytes, visibility, sharing authority, or a decryption key. 23.4. Database and storage Perform a provisional or restricted commit, validate durable state and resource identity, then promote, expose, replicate, or perform dependent transactions. 23.5. Cloud and software rollout Deploy to a bounded target set or canary scope, validate health and actual state, then progressively expand to more nodes, zones, regions, tenants, devices, or traffic percentages. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 30] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 23.6. AI tool use Permit a bounded real tool effect, validate the actual tool result and destination, then authorize a dependent or broader external action. 23.7. Credential release Use a low-scope or surrogate authority first; after validated evidence, broker or derive broader phase-specific credential authority. 23.8. GPU / accelerator and compute egress Validate workload, device, firmware, memory, DMA, output, or egress evidence before broader protected memory exposure, external egress, or dependent action. 23.9. Model-state / memory update Write or expose a provisional state change, validate namespace, provenance, taint, conflict, and state receipt, then promote or replicate. 23.10. Robotics / actuator Move a bounded amount, measure actual movement or sensor state, compare within tolerance, then release the next movement envelope. 23.11. Vehicle / UAV / mobile robot Authorize a bounded maneuver, route segment, speed, altitude, or operating region and expand only after protected state/position/ sensor evidence passes. 23.12. Industrial / PLC Apply a bounded process change, validate sensor and equipment response, then permit broader setpoint, flow, batch, energy, or machine-cycle progression. 23.13. Telecom / radio / satellite / NTN Perform a bounded bearer, route, power, beam, RF burst, or transmission; validate network or receiver state; then expand scope. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 31] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 23.14. Multi-destination / multi-recipient Collect an evidence vector from multiple destinations and require all, quorum, role-constrained, or policy-defined acceptance before broader progression. 23.15. Replicated / consensus systems Use replica, quorum, or consensus state as effect evidence and continuation predicates while retaining act, phase, freshness, replay, and authorized-envelope binding. 24. Reference State Machine PROPOSED -> VALIDATED -> TRIAL_AUTHORIZED -> TRIAL_EFFECTED -> RECEIPT_PENDING -> RECEIPT_VERIFIED -> CONTINUATION_AUTHORIZED -> PHASE_i_EFFECTED -> ... -> FULLY_EFFECTED Exceptional states may include: DENIED INDETERMINATE ROLLED_BACK TERMINATED Figure 22: Illustrative protected state machine The exact state names are non-normative. A staged profile requires equivalent transition protection such that a mandatory receipt/ validation transition cannot be silently skipped. 25. Non-Limiting Reference Pseudocode Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 32] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 function PROCESS_PHASE(i, A, state): assert within_envelope(P[i], state.Envelope_MAX) C_i = authorize_phase(i, A, state) if not valid(C_i): return BLOCK E_i = FS[i].effectuate(P[i], C_i) R_i = observe_and_protect(E_i, A, i, state) return R_i function IEV_DECIDE(i, R_i, state): if not auth_valid(R_i): return FAIL if not act_match(R_i, state.D_A): return FAIL if not phase_match(R_i, i): return FAIL if consumed(R_i): return FAIL_REPLAY if not fresh(R_i): return HOLD if not location_and_resource_match(R_i, state): return MISALIGNMENT cmp = compare_effect(observed(R_i), state.expected[i]) if cmp == INDETERMINATE: return RECONCILE if cmp == FAIL: return REMEDIATE_OR_ESCALATE if not current_policy_and_revocation_valid(state): return HOLD atomic: consume(R_i) advance_phase(i, i+1) Gamma = establish_continuation(i+1, H(R_i), state) return Gamma function FINALITY_SINK_NEXT(i_plus_1, Gamma, state): if not continuation_valid(Gamma): return BLOCK if not policy_current(): return BLOCK if not revocation_clear(): return BLOCK if not destination_valid(Gamma): return BLOCK if not scope_authorized(Gamma): return BLOCK consume_once(Gamma) return FS[i_plus_1].effectuate(P[i_plus_1]) Figure 23: Core receipt-gated IEV workflow Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 33] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 function HANDLE_MISALIGNMENT(R_i, expected, state): mismatch = classify_mismatch(R_i, expected) proposal = automated_controller.propose(mismatch) decision = IEV.validate_remediation(proposal, R_i, state.Envelope_MAX) if decision == APPROVE_REDUCED_SCOPE: return IEV.create_restricted_continuation(proposal.scope) if decision == REQUERY: return authorize_bounded_diagnostic_requery() if decision == RECONCILE: return enter_reconciliation() if decision == HUMAN_REVIEW: return protected_human_review() return TERMINATE_OR_SAFE_STATE Figure 24: Automatic misalignment handling function TAINT_AWARE_BOUNDARY(request, process_state): tau = join_taint(process_state.taint, request.input_taint, request.provenance_taint) if tau == UNVERIFIABLE: return policy_for_unverifiable_taint() origin = protected_origin_attribution(request) if not policy_allows(origin, tau, request.destination, request.scope): return DENY_OR_BOUNDED_TRIAL sigma = request.credential_reference K_real = credential_authority.resolve_or_use( sigma, origin, request.destination, request.scope) return protected_boundary_effectuate(request, K_real) Figure 25: Taint-aware boundary credential resolution 26. Security Considerations 26.1. Act, destination, sink, route, and resource substitution Receipts, phase authority, and continuation conditions should bind the fields necessary to reject a valid authenticator over a materially different operation or path. 26.2. Replay and duplicate continuation Nonces, phase identifiers, monotonic counters, transaction identifiers, protected consumption state, and one-time continuation can prevent replay of receipts or continuation authority. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 34] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 26.3. Downgrade and phase skipping A required trial assurance class, observer, boundary, or intermediate phase should not be replaced by a weaker or later phase unless protected policy explicitly permits the equivalence. 26.4. Alternate-path bypass Direct sockets, alternate HTTP clients, alternate API keys, debug or recovery interfaces, direct database connections, filesystem paths, raw device handles, alternate IPC services, privileged helpers, or equivalent routes can defeat a claimed non-bypassable profile unless disabled, mediated, credential-restricted, or equivalently gated. 26.5. Crash and unknown outcomes A missing acknowledgement or timeout is not proof of non-effect. Reconciliation and idempotency are important before retrying effects whose duplication could itself be harmful. 26.6. Taint/provenance failure Missing or unverifiable taint should not silently become CLEAN where the deployment relies on taint for authorization. UNVERIFIABLE can map to deny, bounded trial, re-attestation, reduced scope, or review. 26.7. Credential exposure A surrogate architecture is strongest when the actual effect-capable credential remains outside unrestricted act-source memory and the protected boundary uses or resolves it only after required checks. 26.8. Human approval binding A human decision should be bound to the act, observed evidence, deviation, scope, destination, and freshness required by the deployment. Conversational text from an agent need not itself be treated as protected approval. 26.9. Denial of service and validation exhaustion Repeated bounded trials, re-queries, classifier checks, and reconciliation can consume resources. Deployments can use rate limits, retry limits, quotas, backoff, safe-state behavior, and consequence-aware throttling. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 35] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 26.10. Privacy of receipts and provenance Receipts and provenance can reveal recipients, transactions, device state, physical state, or sensitive context. Deployments should minimize evidence and can use hashes, commitments, selective disclosure, or privacy-preserving proofs where appropriate. 27. Operational and Deployment Considerations * Staged operation introduces latency and state. Protected policy can reserve staged modes for consequence classes where the control benefit justifies that cost. * A bounded first effect should be meaningful enough to test the relevant path or predicate while remaining below the maximum acceptable first-phase consequence. * Deployments should define authoritative observer classes, receipt quality, freshness windows, timeouts, replay state, idempotency behavior, and crash recovery. * Deployments should document which component is the Finality Sink for each effect class and which alternate paths are effect- equivalent. * Deployments using taint should document propagation and UNKNOWN/ UNVERIFIABLE semantics. * Deployments using surrogates should document whether the actual credential ever becomes visible to the act-generating process. * Testing should include native-operation substitution, crash/ timeout after effect entry, alternate effect-capable paths, canonicalization ambiguity, replay, duplicate consumption, wrong destination, stale policy, revocation between phases, and taint/ provenance changes. 28. Privacy Considerations Effect receipts, taint state, provenance, human approvals, transaction identifiers, device state, and reconciliation records can be sensitive. Implementations should minimize collection, restrict retention, authenticate access, protect data at rest and in transit, and avoid exposing full payloads when a commitment or predicate proof is sufficient. General Internet privacy guidance is available in RFC 6973. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 36] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 29. IANA Considerations This document requests no IANA actions. A future document that standardizes interoperable message encodings, media types, CBOR tags, registries, or protocol parameters can define corresponding IANA actions. 30. Normative References [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997, . [RFC8174] Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC 2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, May 2017, . 31. Informative References [DAS-MUSE-SENTINEL-GUIDE] Das, S., "Before Comparing Meta Muse / Sentinel, Read the Earlier DAS Disclosures: An AI-Assisted Primary-Source Technical Guide", Zenodo record 23040181 (resource type: Patent, open access), . Patent pending concept: Indian Patent Office application number 202631117633. [RFC6973] Cooper, A., Tschofenig, H., Aboba, B., Peterson, J., Morris, J., Hansen, M., and R. Smith, "Privacy Considerations for Internet Protocols", RFC 6973, July 2013, . [RFC8785] Rundgren, A., Jordan, B., and S. Erdtman, "JSON Canonicalization Scheme (JCS)", RFC 8785, June 2020, . [RFC8949] Bormann, C. and P. Hoffman, "Concise Binary Object Representation (CBOR)", RFC 8949, December 2020, . [RFC9052] Schaad, J., "CBOR Object Signing and Encryption (COSE): Structures and Process", RFC 9052, August 2022, . Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 37] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 [RFC9334] Birkholz, H., Thaler, D., Richardson, M., Smith, N., and W. Pan, "Remote ATtestation procedureS (RATS) Architecture", RFC 9334, January 2023, . Appendix A. Source-Derived Advanced Staged Effectuation Catalogue This appendix is a detailed source-derived technical annex based on the corresponding uploaded document. It is non-normative unless a main-body conformance profile explicitly incorporates a requirement. Terminology such as "implementation pattern" is used in headings where the source used patent-oriented drafting terminology; technical substance is retained. CRYPTOGRAPHICALLY STAGED, RECEIPT-GATED, PARTIAL, PROGRESSIVE, SINGLE-PHASE AND MULTI-PHASE EFFECTUATION ARCHITECTURE A.1. 1. Technical Field The present section relates generally to computer security, artificial-intelligence-agent governance, autonomous-system control, trusted computing, distributed systems, transaction processing, communication systems, operating-system security, cryptographic authorization, hardwarerooted enforcement, network egress control, storage control, financial transaction control, robotic and cyber- physical actuation, and execution-finality systems. More particularly, the disclosure provides systems and methods by which a proposed computational act may be: broader effectuation; upon protected evidence generated by one or more preceding phases; device, or mixed enforcement components; and state transition, device measurement, cryptographic proof, or effect confirmation cannot be verified. The architecture is applicable regardless of whether the originating computation is produced by an artificial-intelligence model, autonomous agent, deterministic application, orchestration engine, operating system, cloud service, human-operated application, robotic controller, telecommunications platform, financial platform, or other computational system. * completed in a single protected effectuation phase; * subjected first to a bounded real-world or externally observable demonstration effect before Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 38] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * released in one subsequent full-effectuation phase after cryptographically verifiable confirmation of the demonstration effect; * progressively released through multiple effectuation phases, each phase being dependent * escalated to protected human approval before, after, or between effectuation phases; * automatically progressed without human interaction where protected predicates permit; * jointly controlled by automatic and human approval; * enforced by software, firmware, hardware, network, storage, cryptographic, transaction, * made fail-closed or fail-limited where an expected receipt, acknowledgement, protected A.2. 2. Technical Problem Existing authorization systems frequently make a binary decision: ALLOW or DENY. Once ALLOW is produced, the entire requested consequence may become externally effective. Such binary authorization may be insufficient where: consequence; complete the act. A simulation alone may be insufficient. A preview alone may be insufficient. A dry run alone may be insufficient. A model prediction alone may be insufficient. A policy engine stating that an act is expected to succeed may be insufficient. The present architecture therefore introduces a protected distinction between: authority to perform a bounded real effect and authority to complete a broader external effect. The broader effect may be cryptographically unavailable until the bounded real effect has occurred and machine-verifiable evidence of that occurrence has been received, validated, committed, or otherwise accepted by a protected enforcement component. * the validity of a destination is uncertain; * successful delivery cannot be known in advance; * a downstream executor may behave differently from expectation; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 39] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * a physical device may not respond as modeled; * a transaction may enter an unexpected intermediate state; * a recipient may be unreachable or misidentified; * a target system may have changed after authorization; * an AI-generated operation may contain a latent parameter error; * external state may change between authorization and execution; * a full release may be irreversible; * a full act may be too consequential to authorize solely from predicted behavior; * the protected system needs evidence of real execution behavior before permitting a larger * or a system must distinguish between authorization to begin an act and authorization to A.3. 3. Core Principle The architecture may implement the following causal invariant: PROPOSED ACT -> PROTECTED VALIDATION -> BOUNDED REAL EFFECT -> EFFECT CONFIRMATION EVIDENCE -> PROTECTED CONFIRMATION VALIDATION -> CONTINUATION AUTHORITY -> BROADER OR FULL EFFECT In multi-phase embodiments: PROPOSED ACT -> PHASE 0 -> RECEIPT 0 -> PHASE 1 -> RECEIPT 1 Figure 26 -> PHASE 2 -> RECEIPT 2 ->... -> PHASE N -> COMPLETION RECEIPT The computational system that proposes the act does not thereby receive unconditional authority to complete every later phase. Each subsequent phase may remain technically non-effective, locked, encrypted, incomplete, uncommitted, non-routable, non-actuatable, or otherwise incapable of producing its broader consequence until the required preceding evidence has been validated. A.4. 4. Relationship to Canary Execution A bounded first-stage effect may resemble a canary operation, but the disclosed architecture is not limited merely to performing a smaller operation before a larger one. In preferred embodiments, the distinctive technical dependency is: the authority required for a later phase is derived from, unlocked by, cryptographically bound to, or otherwise made technically dependent upon evidence generated by the prior real effectuation phase. Accordingly: Phase 0 is not merely informative. Its resulting receipt participates in the authority chain. Without the required Phase-0 receipt, Phase 1 Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 40] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 cannot become effective. Likewise, in progressive embodiments: Receipt(i) is a required input to Authority(i+1). A staged execution system therefore may enforce a cryptographic causal chain rather than merely follow an operational deployment practice. A.5. 5. Terminology A.6. 5.1 Candidate Act A Candidate Act is a proposed act capable of causing an external, persistent, operational, physical, financial, communicative, informational, storage, network, rendering, device, model-state, or other consequence. A.7. 5.2 Full Candidate Effect The Full Candidate Effect is the complete consequence requested or otherwise associated with the Candidate Act. Examples include: * transmitting an entire message or file; * transferring an entire payment amount; * committing an entire database transaction; * deploying software to an entire target set; * releasing an entire protected dataset; * completing an actuator trajectory; * changing an infrastructure configuration across an entire deployment; * enabling a credential for its complete approved scope; * or performing another requested consequence in full. A.8. 5.3 Bounded Trial Effect A Bounded Trial Effect, abbreviated BTE, is an intentionally restricted but real effectuation event performed before broader effectuation. A BTE is not required to duplicate every consequence of the Full Candidate Effect. It may reproduce only a sufficient subset, dimension, route, recipient, resource, amount, duration, actuator range, transaction state, execution primitive, destination interaction, protocol behavior, or other measurable property necessary to establish that the intended effectuation path is Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 41] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 functioning within accepted conditions. Alternative terms may include: The terminology is non-limiting. * demonstration effect; * pre-release effect; * trial effect; * first-stage effect; * protected sample effect; * bounded canary effect; * pilot effect; * proof effect; * limited effect; * precursor effect; * preview effect having real consequence; * partial effectuation; * verification effectuation; * or equivalent terminology. A.9. 6. Real Effect Versus Simulation A Bounded Trial Effect may be distinguished from simulation by requiring at least one actual state transition outside the proposing computational process. Examples include: A simulation may optionally precede the BTE. However: simulation success alone need not authorize full effectuation. * a real packet crosses a network interface; * a real destination endpoint receives a protected object; * a database commits a real bounded record; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 42] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * a payment network accepts a real bounded authorization; * a hardware actuator performs a real bounded movement; * a receiver stores a real cryptographically identifiable object; * a real API endpoint processes an operation; * a storage controller persists an actual bounded write; * a telecom interface emits an actual bounded transmission; * a secure processor releases an actual bounded key share; * a remote system returns a receipt derived from real processing; * or another external system state changes in a measurable manner. A.10. 7. Trial Effect Descriptor Before performing the Bounded Trial Effect, the system may generate a Trial Effect Descriptor, abbreviated TED. The TED may bind: * Candidate Act identifier; * full Candidate Act digest; * BTE identifier; * trial-effect class; * permitted trial scope; * recipient; * destination; * endpoint; * device; * resource; * data subset; * amount; * duration; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 43] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * actuator range; * network route; * protocol; * API method; * file subset; * object identifier; * key identifier; * model identifier; * application identifier; * agent identifier; * sandbox identity; * process identity; * thread identity; * VM identity; * container identity; * user identity or pseudonymous subject reference; * policy epoch; * revocation epoch; * trial sequence number; * nonce; * expiration; * expected response class; * receipt issuer identity; * receipt verification key; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 44] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * receipt threshold requirement; * permitted next phase; * maximum total consequence; * rollback conditions; * failure mode; * Finality Sink identity; * Protected Enforcement Domain identity; * and cryptographic linkage to the Full Candidate Effect. A.11. 8. Effect Confirmation Receipt Following performance of a Bounded Trial Effect, a protected component may generate or obtain an Effect Confirmation Receipt, abbreviated ECR. The ECR represents machine-verifiable evidence that a defined effectuation event occurred, was accepted, was observed, or reached a specified protected state. The ECR may contain or cryptographically bind: The ECR may be authenticated by: * Candidate Act digest; * TED digest; * BTE digest; * phase number; * observed-effect digest; * transmitted-object digest; * received-object digest; * destination identity; * receiving device identity; * receiving service identity; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 45] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * sink identity; * execution component identity; * sender identity; * recipient identity; * state-transition identifier; * transaction identifier; * storage-commit identifier; * hardware measurement; * execution measurement; * actuator sensor measurement; * response code; * acknowledgement code; * protocol transcript digest; * monotonic counter; * time; * protected time; * sequence number; * policy epoch; * revocation epoch; * nonce; * previous-receipt digest; * next-phase eligibility indication; * success status; * failure status; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 46] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * indeterminate status; * rollback status; * or other effect-verification data. * digital signature; * MAC; * HMAC; * device-bound signature; * TPM-generated evidence; * TEE attestation; * secure-enclave signature; * HSM signature; * DPU attestation; * SmartNIC attestation; * secure-element signature; * PUF-derived key; * Merkle proof; * append-only receipt-chain proof; * threshold signature; * multi-party signature; * authenticated protocol transcript; * or equivalent cryptographic mechanism. A.12. 9. Effect Confirmation Need Not Mean Semantic Success An Effect Confirmation Receipt need not represent that a business goal was perfectly achieved. The receipt may instead establish a narrower technical fact. For example: Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 47] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 The policy may determine which observable facts are sufficient to enable continuation. * the intended endpoint received bytes; * the correct key was accepted; * the target controller responded; * a payment rail accepted a test authorization; * a storage node committed a bounded object; * a device moved within the commanded range; * an API processed a bounded request; * a network path reached the intended service; * a recipient's secure client decrypted a demonstration object; * or a remote protected component entered an expected state. A.13. 10. Continuation Authority Object Following successful ECR validation, a Protected Enforcement Domain may generate, derive, release, activate, reconstruct, unseal, or otherwise make available a Continuation Authority Object, abbreviated CAO. A CAO may comprise: Possession of a CAO need not itself be sufficient for execution. The CAO may additionally require matching sink state, device identity, phase number, nonce, * a scoped non-bearer capability; * Execution Handle; * cryptographic key; * decryption key; * signing share; * MAC key; * sealed command completion value; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 48] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * API capability; * network release permit; * database commit capability; * storage capability; * actuator enable value; * transaction completion object; * secure monitor response; * hardware register value; * device-specific command authenticator; * protocol token; * routing enable value; * DMA descriptor authorization; * key-encryption-key release; * partial key share; * transaction state transition; * or equivalent bounded technical enablement condition. policy epoch, receipt digest, resource state, and other conditions. A.14. 11. Cryptographic Binding Let the canonical Full Candidate Act be: A and its digest: DA = H(Canon(A)) Let bounded effectuation phase i be: Figure 27 Pi with phase descriptor: Di = H(DA ∥ i ∥ Canon(Pi ) ∥ Ep ∥ Er ∥ Ni ) where: Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 49] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 Figure 28 A phase capability may be represented as: * Ep is a policy epoch; * Er is a revocation epoch; * Ni is a phase-specific nonce. Ci = SignKP ED (Di ∥ Sinki ∥ Scopei ∥ Expiryi ) or: Ci = MACKP ED (Di ∥ Sinki ∥ Scopei ∥ Expiryi ) or by an equivalent cryptographically protected construction. A.15. 12. Receipt Construction Following actual effectuation of phase i, the effect-capable sink may generate: Ri = SignKSink (DA ∥ Di ∥ Oi ∥ Statusi ∥ Ti ∥ Ni ∥ H(Ri-1 )) i Figure 29 where: The use of the previous receipt digest creates a cryptographic receipt chain. * Oi represents protected observation of the effect; * Statusi indicates accepted, completed, rejected, partially completed, rolled back, or indeterminate; * Ti is protected timing information; * Ri-1 is a prior receipt where present. A.16. 13. Next-Phase Release Predicate A subsequent phase i + 1 may be enabled only if: V (Ri ) = 1 and: M atch(Ri , Di ) = 1 and: F resh(Ri ) = 1 and: Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 50] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 P olicyV alid(Ep ) = 1 and: RevocationV alid(Er ) = 1 and: SinkV alid(Sinki ) = 1 and, where required: Approvali = 1 Therefore: Enable(Pi+1 ) = V (Ri ) AND M atch(Ri , Di ) AND F resh(Ri ) AND P olicyV alid AND RevocationV alid AND SinkV alid AND Approvali Where any mandatory term evaluates FALSE: Figure 30 Enable(Pi+1 ) = 0 Figure 31 A.17. 14. Cryptographic Causal Dependency In one embodiment, the cryptographic material required for Phase i + 1 does not exist in executable form before receipt Ri is available. For example: Ki+1 = HKDF (Kroot , DA ∥ H(Ri ) ∥ i + 1) The resulting phase key therefore cannot be correctly derived without the receipt from the previous effectuation stage. Another embodiment uses: Figure 32 Ki+1 = P RFKroot (H(Ri ), DA , i + 1) Figure 33 Another embodiment uses a threshold construction in which the validated receipt causes release of one or more missing key shares. Another embodiment causes a protected hardware component to unseal a next-phase secret only where the receipt digest matches a value bound into sealed state. A.18. 15. Effectuation Fraction Where effectuation can be represented quantitatively, let: Efull represent the complete effect magnitude. Let: Ei represent cumulative effect after phase i. The system may require: 0 < E0 < Efull for the demonstration phase. A bounded demonstration ratio may be: Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 51] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 ρ0 = E0 Efull where: 0 < ρ0 < 1 The particular value is implementation dependent. Examples include: ρ0 = 0.001 ρ0 = 0.01 ρ0 = 0.05 or another bounded value. No particular numeric threshold is required. For non-quantitative acts, effectuation may instead be bounded by recipient, destination, feature, object, device, path, function, duration, privilege, data field, geographic region, command class, or another dimension. A.19. 16. SINGLE-PHASE EFFECTUATION EMBODIMENT The architecture expressly includes an ordinary single-phase mode. In this embodiment: P1 = A The protected system validates the Candidate Act and directly authorizes the entire effect. Flow: Candidate Act -> protected validation -> optional automatic or human approval -> full-effect capability -> Finality Sink verification -> full effectuation -> completion receipt The single-phase mode may be selected where: Figure 34 The same system may dynamically select between single-phase and multi-phase effectuation. * risk is sufficiently low; * destination confidence is sufficiently high; * consequence is reversible; * endpoint state is strongly attested; * historical reliability is sufficient; * a prior trusted relationship exists; * policy permits one-step completion; * or staged execution would produce unnecessary cost or latency. A.20. 17. TWO-STAGE DEMONSTRATION-THEN-FULL EFFECTUATION In a second embodiment: Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 52] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 A = P 0 + PF where P0 is the bounded real demonstration effect and PF is the remainder or broader completion. Flow: Candidate Act -> BTE authorization -> real BTE occurs -> ECR generated -> PED validates ECR -> full-effect authority generated/unsealed -> Finality Sink performs remainder/full effect -> Completion Receipt No broader effectuation occurs where the expected ECR is absent, invalid, stale, mismatched, replayed, forged, revoked, or indeterminate. A.21. 18. DEMONSTRATION FOLLOWED BY MULTI-PHASE EFFECTUATION In another embodiment: A = P 0 + P1 + P2 + ... + P n where P0 is a demonstration phase and each later phase represents a progressively broader consequence. Each phase produces a receipt: Pi -> R i and: Ri -> Authority(Pi+1 ) Thus: P0 -> R0 -> P1 -> R1 -> P2 -> R2 -> ... -> Pn A failure or indeterminate state at any stage may prevent all remaining stages. A.22. 19. GEOMETRIC PROGRESSION EMBODIMENT Effectuation may increase geometrically. For example: 1% -> 5% -> 20% -> 50% -> 100% or: 1 device -> 10 devices -> 100 devices -> entire fleet or: 1 recipient -> 10 recipients -> 1000 recipients -> full audience The progression may be dynamically selected according to observed success, failure rate, latency, receipt confidence, destination behavior, policy, risk class, or human approval. A.23. 20. ADAPTIVE PROGRESSIVE EFFECTUATION Phase size need not be predetermined. Let the permitted next effect size be: DeltaEi+1 = f(Confidencei , Riski , F ailureRatei , ReceiptQualityi , P olicyi , HumanDecisioni ) The protected domain may increase, decrease, hold, or terminate the next stage. For example: Confidencei ↑=> DeltaEi+1 ↑ while: Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 53] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 Riski ↑=> DeltaEi+1 ↓ The decision function may be deterministic, rule-based, cryptographically committed, formally verified, or implemented through a protected policy engine. An AI model may supply evidence or recommendation to the policy engine but need not itself possess authority to expand the phase. A.24. 21. HUMAN-APPROVAL EMBODIMENT A protected human may be required to authorize continuation. Importantly, the approval surface may be logically or physically separated from the untrusted or potentially compromised AI-agent conversation. For example: AI agent proposes operation -> PED creates protected approval object -> operating-system or independent client presents exact effect summary -> authenticated human approves -> approval artifact cryptographically binds exact phase -> PED releases phase capability The agent cannot create its own approval. The agent cannot modify the approval after user confirmation. The approval may bind: * exact operation; * phase; * recipient; * amount; * destination; * file; * tool; * resource; * scope; * prior ECR; * policy epoch; * expiration; * and sink identity. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 54] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 A.25. 22. HUMAN APPROVAL AFTER DEMONSTRATION EFFECT A particularly useful embodiment is: Trial Effect -> return receipt -> human sees receipt/result -> human approves full effect The human therefore does not approve merely from a prediction. The human may be shown verified evidence that the limited real operation worked. Example: A message system first sends a bounded demonstration object. The recipient endpoint returns a signed ECR. The approval UI displays: The human may then authorize release of the full content. * intended recipient; * trial success; * receiving-device identity; * payload digest; * time; * destination; * and intended full payload. A.26. 23. HUMAN APPROVAL BETWEEN EVERY PHASE For especially sensitive operations: Ri + HumanApprovali -> Pi+1 Each progressive increase requires fresh approval. The approval may be bound specifically to: H(Ri ) thereby proving that the user approved continuation after observing the previous stage's confirmed effect. A.27. 24. AUTOMATIC APPROVAL EMBODIMENT Human approval is not mandatory. Where policy permits: V alidReceipt + V alidP olicy + AcceptableRisk -> AutomaticContinuation The protected enforcement component may automatically release the next phase. Examples include: * low-risk communications; * routine software deployment; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 55] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * bounded storage replication; * approved model rollout; * pre-authorized payments; * industrial workflows; * telemetry transmission; * infrastructure scaling; * and recurring enterprise automation. A.28. 25. HYBRID HUMAN/AUTOMATIC APPROVAL The architecture may use automatic continuation below a threshold and human approval above the threshold. For example: Risk < T1 => Auto T1 <= Risk < T2 => Auto + EnhancedV erification Risk >= T2 => HumanApproval Equivalent thresholds may depend on: Figure 35 * money; * recipients; * resource sensitivity; * privilege level; * geographic scope; * data class; * device class; * infrastructure consequence; * model confidence; * attribution state; * taint state; * receipt confidence; * reversibility; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 56] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * or other protected predicates. A.29. 26. HUMAN VETO WITHOUT HUMAN APPROVAL REQUIREMENT Another variation automatically progresses while giving an authenticated human or supervisory authority a protected veto window. Example: Receipti -> DelayW indow -> Pi+1 unless: V eto = T RU E The veto path may itself be authenticated and protected from manipulation by the AI agent. A.30. 27. SOFTWARE PROTECTED ENFORCEMENT DOMAIN The Protected Enforcement Domain may comprise or be implemented using one or more of: * privileged daemon; * independent system service; * OS security service; * kernel module; * eBPF program; * Linux Security Module; * seccomp enforcement layer; * Landlock-style enforcement; * namespace controller; The PED need not use the name "Protected Enforcement Domain." Function rather than nomenclature controls the architecture. * cgroup controller; * container-runtime hook; * microVM monitor; * hypervisor; * virtual machine monitor; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 57] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * service-mesh proxy; * network forward proxy; * reverse proxy; * API gateway; * database proxy; * storage gateway; * transaction manager; * message broker; * workflow broker; * credential broker; * signing service; * key-management service; * policy decision point; * policy enforcement point; * remote protected service; * confidential-computing environment; * or combinations thereof. A.31. 28. HARDWARE PROTECTED ENFORCEMENT DOMAIN The protected enforcement function may be implemented partly or entirely using: * Trusted Platform Module; * secure enclave; * Trusted Execution Environment; * secure element; * HSM; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 58] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * security coprocessor; * isolated MCU; * secure monitor; * DPU; * SmartNIC; * NIC controller; * baseband processor; * modem security processor; * storage controller; * SSD controller; * memory controller; * GPU security processor; * GPU command processor; * PCIe security component; * CXL security component; * FPGA; * ASIC; * SoC security island; * PUF-derived identity logic; * automotive ECU; * industrial PLC; * motor controller; * actuator controller; * flight controller; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 59] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * robotic safety controller; * or equivalent hardware. A.32. 29. SPLIT SOFTWARE/HARDWARE PED A software policy engine may perform high-level validation while hardware retains the final completion secret. For example: software PED evaluates -> software generates authorization digest -> secure hardware verifies digest -> hardware releases only Phase-0 enablement -> hardware receives authenticated ECR -> hardware derives Phase-1 key -> full operation becomes possible Even compromise of the software agent need not enable full execution because the required completion material remains unavailable in hardware. A.33. 30. HARDWARE KEY-CHAIN EMBODIMENT Let a root hardware secret be: KR Phase keys may be: K0 = HKDF (KR , DA ∥ N0 ) and: K1 = HKDF (KR , H(R0 ) ∥ DA ∥ 1) and: Figure 36 K2 = HKDF (KR , H(R1 ) ∥ DA ∥ 2) Therefore compromise of K0 need not reveal K1 . Each subsequent key depends upon protected evidence from the preceding real effect. Figure 37 A.34. 31. THRESHOLD CRYPTOGRAPHIC EMBODIMENT A later effectuation phase may require: m - of - n key shares. Shares may be held by: A validated ECR may cause one participant to release its missing share. No individual component can independently cause full effectuation. * PED; * Finality Sink; * receiving endpoint; * human approval device; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 60] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * HSM; * enterprise authority; * cloud authority; * device secure element; * network authority; * regulator-controlled service; * or another protected participant. A.35. 32. MESSAGE-SEND DEMONSTRATION EMBODIMENT An AI agent proposes sending: Instead of immediately sending the complete payload, the system generates a BTE. The BTE may contain: The object is actually transmitted to the intended recipient endpoint. The endpoint verifies it and returns: * text; * images; * documents; * attachments; * or another payload. * a cryptographic manifest; * a short bounded message; * a harmless trailer object; * a low-information encrypted fragment; * a recipient challenge; * a payload commitment; * or a protected pre-release object. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 61] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 R0 = SignRecipient (DA , D0 , Status, N once) The PED verifies R0 . Only then is the full message or file transmission enabled. A.36. 33. "TRAILER BEFORE MOVIE" COMMUNICATION EMBODIMENT A useful conceptual implementation resembles a pre-release trailer. The system first delivers a limited real object proving: * correct destination; * correct receiving application; * correct cryptographic endpoint; * correct account; * correct protocol; The trailer contains insufficient information to constitute the complete intended communication. Upon authenticated acknowledgement, the complete payload becomes available. This is technically different from merely showing a preview on the sender's screen because the trailer crosses the actual external effectuation boundary. * correct decryption ability; * and successful protected return path. A.37. 34. ENCRYPTED FULL PAYLOAD WITH WITHHELD COMPLETION KEY Another communication embodiment sends: After the recipient generates a valid ECR: * an encrypted full payload; and * only enough key material to decrypt the demonstration portion. R0 the PED releases the remaining decryption material. Thus the bytes may already reside at the recipient while the full semantic effect remains technically unavailable. This embodiment may reduce network latency while retaining cryptographic staged effectuation. A.38. 35. FILE TRANSFER EMBODIMENT A file may be divided into: Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 62] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 F = F 0 ∪ F1 ∪ ... ∪ F n The receiver first obtains F0 , or a cryptographic verification block representing the file. Upon successful storage, hash verification, malware-policy validation, destination validation, or protected acceptance, the receiver returns R0 . Only then are subsequent blocks released. The system may additionally require each block receipt before the next block. A.39. 36. PAYMENT DEMONSTRATION EMBODIMENT A Candidate Act proposes payment amount: M The system may authorize a bounded trial amount: m0 < M or a zero-value or reversible network authorization where supported. The financial endpoint returns protected confirmation identifying: * recipient account; Only after verification may the remaining amount be authorized. For example: * receiving institution; * transaction reference; * currency; * destination; * and accepted status. M = m 0 + m1 + ... + m n Each subsequent payment component may depend upon settlement or acceptance evidence from the preceding component. A.40. 37. ESCROW PAYMENT EMBODIMENT Instead of transferring value directly, the first stage may place value into a bounded escrow state. The escrow acceptance produces a protected receipt. Only after confirmation of: may the system release full settlement authority. * intended beneficiary; * asset; * jurisdiction; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 63] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * settlement rail; * and escrow identity A.41. 38. DATABASE COMMIT EMBODIMENT A full database mutation may first be executed against: The database engine generates a cryptographic commit receipt. The protected domain verifies the commit outcome. Only then may the mutation be promoted to: * a protected shadow row; * provisional transaction record; * versioned object; * staging namespace; * limited replica; * or canary partition. * production namespace; * broader replica set; * primary index; * external query visibility; * or full persistent state. A.42. 39. CLOUD DEPLOYMENT EMBODIMENT An autonomous agent proposes deploying software. The BTE deploys the software to: Protected measurements may include: A signed deployment ECR enables the next deployment phase. * one container; * one VM; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 64] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * one node; * one availability zone; * one tenant; * one canary user group; * or another limited target. * boot success; * health check; * crash rate; * attestation; * version digest; * error rate; * resource consumption; * policy compliance; * and network behavior. A.43. 40. AI MODEL DEPLOYMENT EMBODIMENT A new model or model version may first be enabled for a bounded request class. The system observes protected metrics. Only after verified measurements satisfy protected predicates is authority expanded. The expansion may progress by: * users; * tenants; * regions; * APIs; * tool privileges; * token budget; * context sensitivity; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 65] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * output class; * or consequence class. A.44. 41. TOOL-USE EMBODIMENT An AI agent proposes invoking an external tool. The first invocation may be: A tool-generated ECR proves tool identity and execution state. The PED may subsequently authorize a broader tool action. * read-only; * bounded; * reversible; * low-privilege; * low-volume; * no-side-effect; * or otherwise restricted. Thus: tool_use proposal is not equivalent to unrestricted invoke authority. A.45. 42. CREDENTIAL RELEASE EMBODIMENT An agent may initially receive: Successful use produces protected endpoint evidence. Only then may stronger credential authority be released. The agent need never possess unrestricted reusable credentials. * surrogate credential; * restricted credential; * audience-bound credential; * read-only credential; * single-object capability; * or short-lived token. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 66] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 A.46. 43. DATA-EXPORT EMBODIMENT A proposed data export may initially release: The receiving endpoint generates an ECR proving destination identity and acceptable handling state. Full export remains blocked until receipt validation. * a schema; * hash manifest; * redacted sample; * encrypted sample; * bounded record subset; * aggregated representation; * or low-sensitivity subset. A.47. 44. STORAGE RELEASE EMBODIMENT An object may first be written into: Receipt of a protected persistence confirmation may enable later promotion to permanent or externally visible storage. * quarantine storage; * bounded namespace; * temporary object store; * protected staging bucket; * non-public storage class; * or short-lived encrypted storage. A.48. 45. ROBOTIC ACTUATION EMBODIMENT A robotic Candidate Act requests movement trajectory: Θ The PED may first authorize bounded movement: θ0 such that: Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 67] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 |θ0 | < |Θ| A protected encoder, motor controller, actuator sensor, inertial sensor, or other trusted measurement component reports actual movement. The measurement is bound into an ECR. Only if: |θobserved - θ0 | <= epsilon may broader motion authority be released. A.49. 46. HARDWARE ACTUATOR EXAMPLE A requested actuator movement is: 90∘ Phase 0 authorizes: 5∘ The motor controller executes the real 5∘ movement. A protected encoder measures: 4.98∘ with tolerance: epsilon = 0.1∘ Since: |4.98 - 5.00| = 0.02 <= 0.1 the protected controller signs: Figure 38 R0 The PED verifies R0 . The remaining permitted motion: 85∘ is then unlocked either in one phase or progressively. For progressive operation: 5∘ -> 15∘ -> 30∘ -> 40∘ until the total requested trajectory is completed. A.50. 47. VEHICLE CONTROL EMBODIMENT A vehicle command may be segmented according to: Protected telemetry generated after each segment may determine continuation. Failure to receive trusted telemetry causes hold, safe state, or controlled rollback rather than unconditional continuation. * distance; * velocity change; * steering change; * route segment; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 68] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * geofence region; * braking interval; * sensor activation interval; * or another bounded dimension. A.51. 48. UAV OR MOBILE ROBOT EMBODIMENT A protected controller may authorize only: Successful protected confirmation at one waypoint may unlock the next. Thus the complete mission need not exist as unconditional authority at mission start. * a short route segment; * bounded altitude change; * bounded speed interval; * specific waypoint; * limited sensor activation; * or defined communications window. A.52. 49. INDUSTRIAL CONTROL EMBODIMENT A process controller may first change: Sensor evidence may confirm the response. Only then may the next stage proceed. * one valve; * one subsystem; * one machine; * one production cell; * one load segment; * or one bounded process variable. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 69] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 A.53. 50. TELECOMMUNICATIONS EMBODIMENT A network-control act may first apply to: Protected network telemetry may confirm expected effect before broader rollout. * one subscriber; * one slice; * one cell; * one beam; * one interface; * one route; * one QoS flow; * one session; * or one bounded traffic class. A.54. 51. RADIO OR SATELLITE EMBODIMENT A Candidate transmission may first be bounded by: Protected receiver confirmation or local protected telemetry may enable broader transmission. * duration; * frequency; * beam; * power; * geographic footprint; * recipient set; * message class; * or time slot. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 70] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 A.55. 52. GPU / ACCELERATOR EMBODIMENT A Candidate Act involving accelerator output may initially permit: A DPU, SmartNIC, GPU security controller, TEE, or protected host component may return evidence of successful bounded transfer before broader egress. * one tensor; * one batch; * one model segment; * one destination; * one memory transfer; * one bounded DMA operation; * or one encrypted output release. A.56. 53. MODEL-STATE UPDATE EMBODIMENT An agent proposes modifying persistent model memory or vector state. The first write may occur in: * shadow memory; * temporary vector namespace; * isolated memory partition; * bounded tenant scope; * or provisional state. The system verifies consistency before promotion into durable shared state. A.57. 54. SOFTWARE UPDATE EMBODIMENT A software or firmware update may first apply to one protected device. The device returns attestation showing: Only then may the update be released to a larger cohort. * correct image digest; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 71] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * successful boot; * expected security state; * policy compliance; * and device identity. A.58. 55. MULTI-DESTINATION EMBODIMENT Where an act targets destinations: D1 , D 2 , ... , D n the system may initially effectuate only: D1 or a protected subset: Dtrial subset-of D Validated receipts from the trial destinations may enable broader destination release. A.59. 56. MULTI-RECIPIENT MESSAGE EMBODIMENT A communication intended for 10,000 recipients may first be sent to: Only after receipt validation does the broader send capability become available. * one controlled endpoint; * a protected review mailbox; * a small authorized sample; * or designated canary recipients. A.60. 57. REPLICATED-SYSTEM EMBODIMENT A state mutation may first be committed to one replica. Protected consensus or replication evidence may then permit commitment to additional replicas. The system may ensure that an inconsistent first-stage result cannot automatically propagate globally. A.61. 58. CONSENSUS-BASED RECEIPT A single ECR need not be sufficient. The system may require: n SUM V alid(Ri,j ) >= m j=1 Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 72] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 where m of n independent observers confirm the phase. Observers may include: * destination; * network controller; * storage controller; * device; * user device; * HSM; * auditor; * independent protected service; * or other trusted component. A.62. 59. NEGATIVE RECEIPT A receipt may indicate failure. For example: Statusi = REJ ECT ED This may cause: Enable(Pi+1 ) = 0 A negative receipt is itself useful protected evidence and may trigger: Figure 39 * rollback; * revalidation; * route change; * human escalation; * scope reduction; * alternative sink selection; * or final denial. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 73] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 A.63. 60. INDETERMINATE RECEIPT STATE A dangerous distributed-systems condition occurs where the system cannot determine whether the previous phase succeeded. The architecture may therefore define: Statusi = IN DET ERM IN AT E An indeterminate state is not automatically interpreted as failure and retried. Doing so could duplicate external effects. Instead: IN DET ERM IN AT E -> RECON CILIAT ION The protected domain may query: Only after resolving the state may continuation or retry occur. * sink state; * transaction identifier; * sequence number; * network receipt; * storage state; * recipient state; * hardware counter; * or other protected evidence. A.64. 61. CRASH-AFTER-EFFECT EMBODIMENT If a sink performs the bounded effect but crashes before transmitting its ECR, the system must avoid blind replay. The effect may be associated with an idempotency key: Ii = H(DA ∥ i ∥ Ni ) The sink records Ii atomically with the bounded effect. After restart, the PED may query Ii . If the effect already occurred, the sink generates or reconstructs the corresponding ECR without repeating the effect. Figure 40 Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 74] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 A.65. 62. RECEIPT LOSS EMBODIMENT If the receipt is generated but lost during transport, it may be safely retransmitted because the receipt is bound to the phase nonce and effect identifier. Receipt replay does not itself repeat the external act. However, the same receipt may not authorize multiple next-phase executions because protected state records consumption. A.66. 63. RECEIPT CONSUMPTION After receipt Ri authorizes the next phase, the protected domain may record: Consumed(Ri ) = T RU E A second attempt to derive or execute the same next phase may fail. This prevents one successful trial effect from being used to authorize multiple full effects. A.67. 64. RETURN-PATH BINDING The return receipt may be bound to the same destination or a separately authorized receipt authority. The architecture may prevent an attacker from: Accordingly: * redirecting the trial effect to one endpoint; * obtaining a receipt there; and * using that receipt to authorize full effectuation toward another endpoint. Destination(Ri ) = Destination(Pi ) = AuthorizedDestination(A) unless an explicitly authorized redirection is bound into the descriptor. A.68. 65. CROSS-DEVICE RECEIPT PROTECTION A receipt generated for Device A cannot be used to authorize full effectuation on Device B unless policy expressly permits it. The receipt may bind: * device key; * secure-element identity; * TPM identity; * platform measurement; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 75] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * OS measurement; * sink identity; * or protected hardware identity. A.69. 66. ANTI-SUBSTITUTION The system may verify: H(ObservedEffecti ) = ExpectedEffectDigesti or another equivalence predicate. A valid signature over the wrong operation must not authorize continuation. Figure 41 A.70. 67. ANTI-DOWNGRADE An attacker must not substitute a weaker BTE for the one required by policy. The TED may bind a minimum trial assurance profile. For example: RequiredT rialClass = HARDW ARE _CON F IRM ED A software-only receipt cannot satisfy the predicate where hardware confirmation was required. A.71. 68. ANTI-SKIP RULE The system may enforce: Pi ↛ Pi+2 without: Ri AND Pi+1 AND Ri+1 where intermediate phases are mandatory. Thus later phases cannot be directly invoked through an alternate API. A.72. 69. ALTERNATIVE PATH CLOSURE Every path capable of creating the broader effect may be: This includes: * disabled; * mediated; * capability-gated; * cryptographically locked; * destination-verified; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 76] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * kernel-mediated; * network-mediated; * hardware-mediated; * transaction-mediated; * or otherwise placed under equivalent phase control. * administrative APIs; * debug paths; * recovery paths; * direct sockets; * alternate credentials; * message queues; * database connections; * storage paths; * driver APIs; * hardware registers; * fallback communications routes; * or privileged local interfaces. A.73. 70. PHASE-BOUND CREDENTIALS Credential authority may itself grow progressively. For example: Scope(C0 ) subset-of Scope(C1 ) subset-of Scope(C2 ) The trial credential may allow only a bounded operation. Later credentials may permit broader operations only after receipt validation. A.74. 71. TIME-BOUND PHASES Each phase may have: tstart and: Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 77] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 texpiry A receipt received after expiry may require revalidation rather than automatic continuation. This prevents stale demonstration success from authorizing a later operation under changed conditions. A.75. 72. POLICY-EPOCH BINDING If policy changes between the trial effect and full effect: P olicyEpochcurrent != P olicyEpochtrial the PED may require fresh validation. A valid historical ECR therefore need not override current policy. A.76. 73. REVOCATION BETWEEN PHASES An act may be valid at Phase 0 but revoked before Phase 1. Accordingly: V alid(R0 ) AND Revoked(A) = T RU E => Enable(P1 ) = F ALSE Figure 42 A.77. 74. RISK INCREASE AFTER DEMONSTRATION A successful demonstration does not guarantee continuation. If protected risk state changes: Risknew > Riskallowed the PED may: * reduce phase size; * require human approval; * require additional attestation; * change the sink; * delay; * or deny continuation. A.78. 75. TAINT-AWARE STAGED EFFECTUATION Taint or provenance state may influence phase size. For example: T aint = F ALSE => SingleP hase T aint = LOW => Demo + F ull T aint = HIGH => Demo + M ultiP hase + HumanApproval This is illustrative and non-limiting. Figure 43 Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 78] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 A.79. 76. RECEIPT QUALITY SCORE Receipt confidence may be represented as: QR in [0, 1] The next phase may require: QR >= tauR where tauR is a protected threshold. Receipt quality may depend on: * hardware attestation; * source trust; * cryptographic algorithm; * protected timestamp; * sensor confidence; * network path; * quorum; * freshness; * or other factors. A.80. 77. PHASE-SIZE FUNCTION A protected controller may compute: Scopei+1 = min(M axP olicyScope, g(QR , Risk, History, Approval)) Accordingly, a high-confidence receipt may allow broader continuation while an uncertain receipt allows only another small phase or no continuation. A.81. 78. REVERSIBILITY-AWARE PHASING Phase size may also depend upon reversibility. Let: Rev(Pi ) in [0, 1] represent a reversibility score. A less reversible act may receive smaller phases: Rev(Pi ) ↓=> Scope(Pi ) ↓ Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 79] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 A.82. 79. IRREVERSIBLE-ACT EMBODIMENT For an irreversible final act, the system may use a reversible or low-consequence BTE to verify the path before releasing the irreversible completion authority. For example: * payment authorization before final settlement; * recipient challenge before sensitive file release; * staging write before permanent commit; * bounded actuator motion before irreversible mechanical operation; * or key acknowledgement before permanent cryptographic publication. A.83. 80. PRE-DELIVERED CIPHERTEXT EMBODIMENT To reduce latency, all or part of the final payload may be transmitted before full authorization as ciphertext. The recipient lacks sufficient material to decrypt or use it. After ECR validation, the PED releases: Thus network transport and semantic effectuation can be separated. * final key; * missing key share; * unwrap capability; * decryption token; * or secure hardware command. A.84. 81. PRE-STAGED HARDWARE COMMAND EMBODIMENT A command may be loaded into a hardware queue but marked non- executable. The hardware receives a Phase-0 capability. Following successful Phase-0 execution and receipt verification, a protected register, key, latch, or command-authentication value permits Phase 1. The agent cannot directly modify the protected latch. A.85. 82. PROTECTED LATCH EMBODIMENT A hardware latch may represent: Li in {0, 1} Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 80] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 Initially: Li+1 = 0 Only authenticated receipt Ri causes: Li+1 <- 1 The next operation is electrically, logically, cryptographically, or microarchitecturally unavailable while: Li+1 = 0 A.86. 83. FUSE / MONOTONIC STATE EMBODIMENT Progressive authority may be controlled by: This can prevent rollback to a previously permissive state. * monotonic counter; * write-once state; * secure fuse state; * anti-rollback counter; * hardware epoch; * secure clock; * or protected NVRAM. A.87. 84. DISTRIBUTED PED EMBODIMENT The PED need not be one physical component. Functions may be distributed among: Provided the required finality dependency remains non-bypassable. * device; * cloud; * HSM; * operating system; * network gateway; * destination; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 81] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * secure user device; * enterprise policy service; * or protected hardware. A.88. 85. MULTIPLE FINALITY SINKS A Candidate Act may cross multiple independent effectuation boundaries. Example: agent -> OS sink -> network sink -> destination API sink -> storage sink Each may generate or validate phase evidence. Full effectuation may require a chain of protected receipts from multiple sinks. A.89. 86. NESTED STAGED EFFECTUATION A phase may itself contain sub-phases. For example: P2 = P2.0 + P2.1 + P2.2 This permits hierarchical control. A large cloud rollout may therefore comprise: global phase -> regional phase -> zone phase -> node phase with protected evidence at each level. Figure 44 A.90. 87. PARALLEL PHASE EMBODIMENT Not all phases need occur sequentially. A bounded set may execute in parallel: Pi,1 , Pi,2 , ..., Pi,k Continuation occurs only if a protected aggregate predicate over their receipts succeeds. For example: SuccessfulReceipts >=tau T otalReceipts and no critical failure predicate is present. A.91. 88. PARTIAL FAILURE Where some trial targets succeed and others fail, the system may authorize continuation only for the successfully verified subset. Thus: AuthorizedN extSet subset-or-equal OriginalT argetSet The architecture need not convert partial failure into either total completion or total denial. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 82] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 A.92. 89. SAFE ROLLBACK After a failed bounded phase, a protected rollback capability may be invoked. The rollback itself may be treated as a Candidate Act and may generate its own receipt. A.93. 90. COMPENSATING-ACTION EMBODIMENT Where literal rollback is impossible, a compensating action may be authorized. For example: * refund; * revocation; * cancellation; * restoration; * deletion; * corrective configuration; * credential invalidation; * or another bounded counter-operation. A.94. 91. RECEIPT-OF-RECEIPT In highly assured systems, the PED may acknowledge the sink receipt and the sink may confirm that acknowledgement. This may create: Risink -> RiP ED -> Riconfirmed Such multi-party confirmation may reduce ambiguity in distributed execution. A.95. 92. FULL COMPLETION RECEIPT After the final phase, a Completion Receipt may bind: For example: * all phase descriptors; * all receipt hashes; * total effect; * final destination state; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 83] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * final policy epoch; * completion time; * aggregate transaction identifier; * and final sink identity. Rfinal = Sign(DA ∥ H(R0 ) ∥ H(R1 )... ∥ H(Rn )) Figure 45 A.96. 93. RECEIPT TREE For large fan-out effectuation, receipts may be committed into a Merkle tree. Let leaf j be: Lj = H(Rj ) and: Figure 46 RootR = M erkleRoot(L1 , ..., Ln ) Continuation or final completion may bind to RootR rather than every individual receipt. A.97. 94. PRIVACY-PRESERVING RECEIPTS A receipt need not expose raw sensitive content. It may prove: using: * correct destination; * allowed state; * amount range; * device class; * policy compliance; * receipt validity; * or another predicate * commitments; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 84] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * zero-knowledge proofs; * selective disclosure; * hashed identifiers; * anonymous credentials; * or equivalent privacy-preserving mechanisms. A.98. 95. ZERO-KNOWLEDGE EFFECT CONFIRMATION In one embodiment, a destination proves: ∃x ∶ H(x) = D and that x satisfies a protected condition without disclosing x. Such proof may be accepted as an ECR. Figure 47 A.99. 96. TRUSTED-TIME RECEIPT Receipts may include trusted time. This prevents an old successful phase from being reused as though it occurred for a current transaction. A.100. 97. CROSS-JURISDICTION EMBODIMENT A limited phase may verify: Only after validation may broader data transfer occur. * jurisdiction; * destination country; * regional policy; * data-residency status; * or endpoint location class. A.101. 98. MULTI-AUTHORITY APPROVAL Continuation may require approval by: The approvals may be represented as threshold conditions. * user; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 85] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * enterprise; * regulator; * parent/guardian; * financial institution; * device owner; * safety controller; * or another authority. A.102. 99. AGENT-CANNOT-SELF-APPROVE RULE An AI agent that proposes the Candidate Act may be prohibited from satisfying a required protected approval predicate using its own generated text, internal reasoning, self-issued token, ordinary chat response, or fabricated UI state. Where protected approval is required, the approval originates from an independently authenticated authority or protected automated decision component. A.103. 100. AUTOMATED POLICY AUTHORITY Automatic approval may be performed by a deterministic or independently protected policy engine. The policy engine may evaluate: The proposing agent cannot alter protected policy state. * exact act; * receipt; * destination; * risk; * taint; * provenance; * user authority; * device state; * enterprise policy; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 86] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * revocation; * and phase state. A.104. 101. HUMAN + AUTOMATIC CONJUNCTION Full continuation may require: AutomaticP olicyP ass AND HumanApproval This prevents either the user interface or policy engine alone from causing the full effect. A.105. 102. HUMAN OR AUTOMATIC DISJUNCTION For selected act classes: HumanApproval OR HighAssuranceAutomaticApproval may permit continuation. Which branch is allowed is itself protected policy. A.106. 103. ESCALATION FROM AUTOMATIC TO HUMAN If automatic validation cannot establish sufficient confidence: AutomaticResult = IN DET ERM IN AT E the operation enters protected hold. A human may then review the effect receipt. The agent cannot reinterpret an indeterminate result as approval. A.107. 104. REAL-TIME HARDWARE CONFIRMATION A hardware effect may produce: Protected measurement logic may sign or MAC the observation. * encoder reading; * voltage; * current; * position; * pressure; * temperature; * rotation; * cryptographic register state; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 87] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * packet counter; * DMA completion; * device response; * memory-write acknowledgement; * or another physical measurement. A.108. 105. SOFTWARE CONFIRMATION Software-side confirmation may comprise: * durable database commit; * filesystem fsync confirmation; * API response; * signed application acknowledgement; * process state; * message-queue offset; * transaction log sequence number; * consensus commit index; * network receipt; * TLS exporter-bound evidence; * or equivalent machine-verifiable state. A.109. 106. MIXED SOFTWARE/HARDWARE CONFIRMATION A later phase may require both: Receiptsoftware AND Receipthardware For example, an API may report that a command was accepted while a hardware sensor separately confirms that the corresponding physical act occurred. A.110. 107. PROOF-OF-DELIVERY VERSUS PROOF-OF-EFFECT The system may distinguish: Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 88] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 P OD = P roofOfDelivery from: P OE = P roofOfEffect A communication may be delivered without being accepted or processed. A command may be accepted without a physical result. The policy may require one or both. A.111. 108. EFFECT EQUIVALENCE The protected domain may determine whether observed bounded effect Oi is equivalent to expected effect Xi : Eq(Oi , Xi ) >= tau The equivalence function may be: * exact; * range-based; * semantic; * cryptographic; * sensor-based; * transaction-state based; * schema-based; * or policy-defined. A.112. 109. EXACT-MATCH EMBODIMENT For high-assurance use: Eq(Oi , Xi ) = { 1, Oi = Xi 0, otherwise No tolerance is permitted. A.113. 110. RANGE-MATCH EMBODIMENT For physical systems: |Oi - Xi | <= epsilon may constitute acceptable effect confirmation. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 89] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 A.114. 111. MONOTONIC PROGRESS CONDITION The architecture may require that each successful phase increases effectuation state monotonically: Ei+1 > Ei without exceeding: Ei+1 <= Eauthorized A.115. 112. MAXIMUM EFFECT ENVELOPE Even successful receipts cannot increase the operation beyond its originally authorized envelope. If: RequestedN extScope > AuthorizedF ullScope then: DEN Y Thus progressive execution cannot become privilege escalation. A.116. 113. PHASE-SPECIFIC FINALITY SINKS Different phases may use different sinks. For example: Sink0 != Sink1 A demonstration might use a protected proxy while full execution uses a native device controller. The receipt must identify the required sink relationship. A.117. 114. SAME-SINK EMBODIMENT Alternatively: Sink0 = Sink1 = ... = Sinkn A single hardware or software sink maintains protected phase state internally. A.118. 115. STATE MACHINE A representative protected state machine may include: S0 = P ROP OSED S1 = V ALIDAT ED S2 = T RIAL_AU T HORIZED S3 = T RIAL_EF F ECT ED S4 = RECEIP T _P EN DIN G S5 = RECEIP T _V ERIF IED S6 = CON T IN U AT ION _AU T HORIZED S7 = P HASE _i_EF F ECT ED S8 = F U LLY _EF F ECT ED or: SF = DEN IED SI = IN DET ERM IN AT E SR = ROLLED_BACK Protected transition rules determine permitted edges. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 90] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 A.119. 116. NO DIRECT TRANSITION TO FULL EFFECT For a staged act: S1 ↛ S8 unless policy explicitly converts the act to single-phase mode before any irreversible effect. After trial effectuation begins, the applicable staged state machine may remain binding. A.120. 117. NON-BYPASSABLE CONTINUATION The essential property is not that every implementation uses a token. The essential property may instead be that the broader effect is technically non-completable until the protected continuation condition is satisfied. Accordingly the continuation authority may take the form of: * cryptographic object; * missing key; * state transition; * hardware latch; * signed instruction; * database state; * secure monitor result; * protected queue advancement; * device register; * capability; * threshold share; * destination-side flag; * or another technical dependency. A.121. 118. ATOMIC RECEIPT-STATE UPDATE To prevent receipt replay, validation of a receipt and advancement of protected phase state may occur atomically: Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 91] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 V erify(Ri ) + Consume(Ri ) + AdvanceState(i -> i + 1) within one protected transaction. If atomic completion fails, the system remains in a recoverable protected state. A.122. 119. DURABLE PHASE STATE Protected phase state may survive: Durability may use: * crash; * reboot; * failover; * process restart; * VM migration; * network partition; * or power loss. * secure NVRAM; * HSM state; * TPM NV index; * encrypted journal; * replicated protected database; * append-only log; * consensus ledger; * monotonic counter; * or equivalent mechanism. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 92] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 A.123. 120. MULTI-PHASE COMMUNICATION EXAMPLE A sensitive file transmission may use: Phase 0: recipient challenge. Receipt 0: authenticated recipient endpoint proves possession of required private key. Phase 1: encrypted metadata and file manifest released. Receipt 1: recipient verifies manifest and storage availability. Phase 2: first encrypted file segment transmitted. Receipt 2: receiving storage commits segment. Phase 3: remaining encrypted file segments transmitted. Receipt 3: aggregate file hash verified. Phase 4: final decryption key released. Receipt 4: completion receipt. Here, transmission and semantic disclosure are independently phased. A.124. 121. MULTI-PHASE PAYMENT EXAMPLE A payment system may use: Phase 0: destination verification / bounded reversible authorization. Receipt 0: receiving institution confirms recipient identity binding. Phase 1: bounded amount reserved or escrowed. Receipt 1: settlement rail confirms reservation. Phase 2: partial settlement. Receipt 2: receiving institution confirms settlement. Phase 3: remaining settlement. Receipt 3: final settlement confirmation. Human approval may be required after Receipt 0, Receipt 1, or before Phase 3. A.125. 122. MULTI-PHASE HARDWARE EXAMPLE A machine requests full actuator output A. Phase 0: 5% command. Receipt 0: protected sensor confirms output. Phase 1: 20%. Receipt 1: telemetry confirms expected response. Phase 2: 50%. Receipt 2: safety envelope remains valid. Phase 3: 100%. At every stage: Observedi in SafeEnvelopei must remain TRUE. A.126. 123. ADVANTAGE OVER PURE PREDICTION The architecture can validate the actual execution path rather than relying solely on predicted execution. Thus: P redictedSuccess ⇏ F ullAuthority Instead: ObservedBoundedSuccess + P rotectedV alidation => ContinuationEligibility This does not imply that successful bounded operation guarantees future success. It provides an additional real- world execution predicate. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 93] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 A.127. 124. ADVANTAGE OVER POST-HOC MONITORING Post-hoc monitoring observes a full consequence after it has occurred. Here, observation of one bounded consequence controls whether the rest of the consequence becomes possible. Accordingly: Observationi is not merely audit information. It is an input to: Authorityi+1 A.128. 125. ADVANTAGE OVER ORDINARY CANARY DEPLOYMENT Ordinary canary deployment may be an operational convention. In the disclosed architecture, the next phase can be cryptographically non- completable without validated canary evidence. The difference may therefore be expressed as: canary as observation versus canary result as authority-bearing protected dependency. A.129. 126. ADVANTAGE OVER ORDINARY TWO-PHASE COMMIT A conventional transaction protocol may coordinate participants to achieve atomicity. The present architecture can additionally bind: The architecture therefore need not be limited to database atomicity. * act identity; * consequence scope; * human authority; * AI-agent identity; * taint/provenance; * receipt evidence; * hardware state; * policy epoch; * finality sink; * and progressive external consequence. 127. IMPLEMENTATION-INDEPENDENT COMPONENT MAPPING The following functional components may be implemented separately or combined: Candidate Act Generator produces the proposed operation. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 94] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 Canonicalization Component creates stable machine-verifiable representation. Protected Enforcement Domain evaluates authority and policy. Phase Planner selects single-phase or multi-phase execution. Trial Effect Descriptor Generator defines bounded initial effect. Phase Capability Generator creates bounded authority. Finality Sink controls the actual effect-capable boundary. Effect Observer observes resulting state. Receipt Generator produces cryptographically protected evidence. Receipt Verifier validates returned evidence. Protected State Manager tracks phase progression and consumption. Human Approval Module obtains authenticated approval where required. Automatic Policy Module permits protected automatic continuation where allowed. Continuation Authority Generator derives or unlocks later-phase authority. Completion Receipt Generator records final state. One physical component may implement several of these functions. Several physical components may jointly implement one function. A.130. 128. COMPONENT COLLAPSE VARIATION The PED, receipt verifier and Finality Sink may exist in one trusted component. Internal separation may be logical rather than physical. The architecture remains applicable where protected state makes subsequent effect technically dependent on prior effect confirmation. A.131. 129. COMPONENT DISTRIBUTION VARIATION The PED may be cloud-hosted while the Finality Sink is on-device. The receipt generator may be at the destination. Human approval may originate from another device. Key release may occur in an HSM. No particular topology is required. A.132. 130. SOFTWARE-ONLY VARIATION The entire mechanism may operate using cryptographic software and protected process isolation without specialized hardware. A.133. 131. HARDWARE-ROOTED VARIATION Critical state and keys may reside entirely inside hardware-rooted protection. Software may request transitions but cannot forge them. A.134. 132. FIRMWARE VARIATION A firmware controller may implement the complete state machine. This is applicable to embedded devices having limited operating- system functionality. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 95] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 A.135. 133. NETWORK VARIATION A network appliance may be the effectuation gate. Examples include: * secure gateway; * firewall; * DPU; * SmartNIC; * service mesh; * telecom gateway; * packet processor; * or network controller. A.136. 134. DESTINATION-SIDE VARIATION The destination itself may refuse broader effect unless the protected receipt chain verifies. Thus the sender cannot bypass the architecture merely by using a different transmission path. A.137. 135. RECEIVER-LOCKED FULL EFFECT The receiver may receive all data but keep it cryptographically unusable. Full semantic effect occurs only when the receipt chain causes local key release. This is particularly useful where network transmission is expensive or slow. A.138. 136. SENDER-LOCKED FULL EFFECT Alternatively the sender retains later payload phases until receipt validation. A.139. 137. DUAL-LOCK EMBODIMENT Both sender and receiver may require protected state transitions. The sender cannot release the final object unless receipt evidence is valid, and the receiver cannot consume it unless its local finality state also authorizes consumption. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 96] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 A.140. 138. PREAUTHORIZED MULTI-PHASE PLAN A human may authorize the entire maximum envelope in advance while still requiring protected receipts between phases. Therefore human interaction need not occur repeatedly. For example: "Deploy to up to 10,000 devices, but only progress when each protected canary threshold passes." The human sets the envelope. The PED executes the protected progression automatically. A.141. 139. DYNAMIC HUMAN INTERVENTION The PED may automatically execute early phases and require human intervention only if: * failure rate rises; * unexpected sink identity appears; * risk increases; * taint changes; * policy changes; * receipt quality falls; * or consequence exceeds a threshold. A.142. 140. TERMINATION At any phase: T erminate(A) may permanently invalidate all unused future phase capabilities. Protected state may record: T erminated = T RU E and subsequent attempts are refused. A.143. 141. CRYPTOGRAPHIC COMPLETION INVARIANT A preferred invariant may be: n-1 F ullEffect(A) => AND_ALL V alid(Ri ) i=0 for all required preceding phases. Equivalently: ¬V alid(Rj ) => ¬F ullEffect(A) for any mandatory phase j. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 97] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 A.144. 142. STRONG HARDWARE INVARIANT In hardware-rooted embodiments: F ullEffect(A) => Kfinal available and: Kfinal = f(Kroot , DA , R0 , R1 , ..., Rn-1 , P olicyEpoch, SinkIdentity) Therefore the final execution material cannot be derived without the required protected history. A.145. 143. BROAD EFFECTUATION DEFINITION For purposes of this disclosure, effectuation may include: * transmission; * sending; * rendering; * disclosure; * storage; * deletion; * modification; * API invocation; * transaction settlement; * financial transfer; * command execution; * process execution; * memory update; * database commit; * credential release; * signing; * encryption-key release; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 98] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * model-state update; * actuator movement; * radio emission; * telecom routing; * sensor activation; * vehicle movement; * robotic operation; * access grant; * privilege change; * account modification; * external publication; * or any other transition from computational proposal to externally consequential state. A.146. 144. NON-LIMITING CHARACTER OF TERMINOLOGY No particular term in this section should be interpreted as requiring a specific product name, protocol name, software module, hardware component, operating system, programming language, cryptographic primitive, AI model, network technology, cloud provider, processor architecture, or implementation platform. A component performing an equivalent technical role may implement the disclosed function regardless of nomenclature. A.147. 145. PROPOSED DRAWING SET FOR THIS ADVANCED SECTION The following figures should accompany the section. A.148. FIG. A1 -- Single-Phase Effectuation Candidate Act -> PED -> Approval/Policy -> Full Capability -> Finality Sink -> Full Effect -> Completion Receipt Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 99] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 A.149. FIG. A2 -- Demo Then Full Candidate Act ↓ PED ↓ Bounded Trial Capability ↓ Finality Sink ↓ REAL BOUNDED EFFECT ↓ ECR ↓ PED Receipt Verification ↓ Full Effect Capability ↓ Finality Sink ↓ FULL EFFECT A.150. FIG. A3 -- Demo Then Progressive Full Effect Demo -> ECR0 -> 10% Effect -> ECR1 -> 25% Effect -> ECR2 -> 50% Effect -> ECR3 -> 100% Effect -> Completion Receipt A.151. FIG. A4 -- Protected Human Approval Variant AI Agent / Application cannot approve its own operation. It submits the Candidate Act to: Protected Enforcement Domain which sends an exact bounded approval object to: Independent Protected Human Approval UI The human approval is signed and returned to the PED. The PED then authorizes the applicable phase. A.152. FIG. A5 -- Automatic Approval Variant Candidate Act -> Protected Policy Engine -> Risk / Taint / Provenance / Destination / Receipt Validation -> Automatic Phase Capability -> Finality Sink A.153. FIG. A6 -- Hybrid Human + Automatic Approval Two parallel predicates: Protected Automatic Policy PASS and Protected Human Approval PASS join at: Continuation Authority Generator before the next phase becomes effective. A.154. FIG. A7 -- Software PED Architecture Agent container separated from: * protected broker; * kernel/eBPF/LSM enforcement; * credential service; * receipt verifier; * network Finality Sink. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 100] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 A.155. FIG. A8 -- Hardware PED Architecture AI/Application Processor -> untrusted request -> Secure Enclave / HSM / Security Processor -> bounded phase key -> Hardware Finality Sink / Actuator / NIC / Storage Controller -> sensor/receiver ECR -> secure processor -> next-phase key. A.156. FIG. A9 -- Hardware Cryptographic Key Chain Show: K0 derived from Candidate Act. Then: R0 -> K1 then: R1 -> K2 then: R2 -> Kfinal with no direct path from K0 to Kfinal . A.157. FIG. A10 -- Communication Trailer Demonstration Full Message/File split into: Trailer / bounded pre-release object and Full protected payload Trailer travels through real network to recipient. Recipient returns signed ECR. Only after the ECR does the sender release remaining payload or full decryption key. A.158. FIG. A11 -- Hardware Actuator Demonstration Requested: 90∘ First phase: 5∘ Sensor measures actual movement. Receipt returns to hardware PED. If valid: remaining: 85∘ is released. A.159. FIG. A12 -- Crash / Indeterminate Recovery Phase issued -> uncertain result -> INDETERMINATE -> query idempotency key / sink protected state -> either: PROVEN EFFECTED -> construct receipt or PROVEN NOT EFFECTED -> safe retry or STILL INDETERMINATE -> remain blocked No blind duplicate execution. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 101] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 A.160. 146. CENTRAL TECHNICAL STATEMENT The essential principle of the advanced staged-effectuation architecture may be summarized as follows: A computational system may be authorized to cause a bounded real external effect without thereby receiving authority to cause the complete intended consequence. The bounded effect produces protected machine-verifiable evidence. Broader effectuation remains technically unavailable until the evidence is validated by a protected enforcement mechanism. Later authority may be cryptographically derived from or otherwise technically dependent upon the confirmed prior effect. The same architecture may operate with one later completion phase or with an arbitrary number of progressively broader phases, and may use automatic approval, protected human approval, or both. Accordingly: COMPUTATION IS NOT AUTHORITY. And additionally: AUTHORITY TO BEGIN EFFECTUATION IS NOT NECESSARILY AUTHORITY TO COMPLETE EFFECTUATION. And: A VERIFIED PARTIAL EFFECT MAY BECOME A TECHNICAL PRECONDITION FOR BROADER EFFECT. And: REAL BOUNDED EFFECT -> CRYPTOGRAPHIC RECEIPT -> NEXT EFFECTUATION AUTHORITY rather than: IN IT IAL AP P ROV AL -> U N CON DIT ION AL F U LL EF F ECT A.161. APPENDIX A - BROAD DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETIVE CONVENTIONS A.1 General Interpretive Rule The following definitions are provided to clarify terminology used in this disclosure, particularly terminology that may be coined, non-standard, used more broadly than in a particular industry, or capable of implementation through multiple technical mechanisms. Unless a claim or embodiment expressly requires otherwise, a defined term identifies a technical function or relationship rather than a mandatory product name, software package, hardware platform, protocol, topology, cryptographic primitive, or physical separation of components. A single component may perform multiple defined functions, and a defined function may be distributed across multiple components. The terms "may," "can," "in some embodiments," "where applicable," and similar language identify non-limiting variations unless the surrounding text expressly states a mandatory invariant. The terms "protected," "trusted," "secure," or "independent" do not require absolute security; they indicate that the relevant state, function, or decision is placed under technical controls intended to resist unauthorized modification, substitution, replay, bypass, or self- assertion by an untrusted or less-trusted component. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 102] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 A.2 Effectuation Effectuation means a transition by which a computational proposal, command, output, request, or state becomes externally consequential, persistent, operational, communicative, financial, physical, cryptographic, storage-affecting, device- affecting, or otherwise capable of changing a state outside the proposing computation. Effectuation may include transmission, release, rendering, disclosure, storage, deletion, modification, signing, settlement, actuation, routing, key release, privilege change, model-state change, or another consequence-producing transition. A.3 Candidate Act Candidate Act means a proposed or prepared act that is capable, if effectuated, of producing an external or protected- state consequence. The Candidate Act may originate from an AI model, agent, deterministic program, workflow, human-operated application, controller, device, or other computational source. Generation of a Candidate Act does not by itself constitute authority to effectuate it. A.4 Full Candidate Effect / Full Effect Full Candidate Effect or Full Effect means the complete consequence, or the maximum authorized consequence, associated with a Candidate Act. It may be quantitative or qualitative and may be bounded by amount, recipients, devices, data, privilege, time, geography, command class, actuator range, deployment scope, or another dimension. A.5 Bounded Trial Effect (BTE) Bounded Trial Effect (BTE) means an intentionally restricted but real effectuation event performed before broader or complete effectuation. A BTE is not limited to a percentage of a larger operation and may instead be bounded by recipient, destination, resource, time, amount, data subset, device, privilege, route, actuator range, protocol state, or another technically meaningful dimension. A.6 Real Effect Real Effect means an effectuation-relevant state transition that actually occurs outside the proposing computation or inside a protected effect-capable component whose state is consequential. A real effect may be limited or reversible. A mere simulation, prediction, local preview, hypothetical result, or dry-run without the relevant state transition is not necessarily a real effect for purposes of embodiments that expressly require one. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 103] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 A.7 Trial Effect Descriptor (TED) Trial Effect Descriptor (TED) means a machine-processable representation that identifies, binds, or constrains a BTE. It may identify the parent Candidate Act, trial scope, destination, sink, expected observer, nonce, phase, expiry, policy state, receipt requirements, maximum consequence, and other execution-finality context. A.8 Effect Confirmation Receipt (ECR) Effect Confirmation Receipt (ECR) means machine-verifiable evidence associated with an actual or attempted effectuation event. An ECR may prove occurrence, acceptance, rejection, persistence, measurement, destination handling, hardware response, protocol state, or another defined fact. An ECR need not prove business-level semantic success unless the applicable policy requires that result. A.9 Completion Receipt Completion Receipt means protected evidence generated after the final required effectuation phase, optionally binding the Candidate Act, phase history, receipt history, final state, sink identity, time, and aggregate result. A.10 Receipt Chain Receipt Chain means a protected relationship among two or more receipts such that a later receipt is linked to, incorporates, commits to, authenticates, or otherwise depends upon one or more earlier receipts or their digests. A receipt chain may be linear, branched, nested, quorumbased, aggregate, or tree-based. A.11 Continuation Authority Continuation Authority means protected authority that enables, permits, unlocks, derives, reconstructs, or otherwise makes technically possible a later effectuation phase. Continuation Authority may be represented by a capability, key, key share, signature, MAC, transaction state, hardware latch, secure- monitor decision, register value, database state, protocol token, command authenticator, missing execution material, or equivalent bounded enablement condition. A.12 Continuation Authority Object (CAO) Continuation Authority Object (CAO) means a particular data object or protected-state representation of Continuation Authority. The architecture does not require every embodiment to instantiate a discrete CAO; in some implementations Continuation Authority exists only as protected state or unavailable/available execution material. A.13 Protected Enforcement Domain (PED) Protected Enforcement Domain (PED) means one or more components that perform protected validation, state handling, approval verification, receipt verification, authority derivation, capability release, or related execution- finality functions under controls intended to prevent unauthorized modification or self-approval by the proposing component. A PED may Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 104] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 be software, firmware, hardware, network-resident, remote, distributed, or a combination thereof. The term does not require a specific trusted-execution technology or a physically separate processor. A.14 Finality Sink Finality Sink means an effect-capable component, boundary, interface, controller, service, or protected state transition at which required finality conditions are verified, consumed, enforced, or made technically necessary before the relevant effect can become effective. The Finality Sink may be native to the target system or implemented by a non-bypassable proxy, wrapper, controller, kernel mechanism, hardware component, destination-side verifier, transaction gate, or equivalent enforcement point. A.15 Effectuation Boundary Effectuation Boundary means the technical point, set of points, or state transition at which a Candidate Act becomes capable of producing the relevant external consequence. Different consequence classes may have different effectuation boundaries, and a single Candidate Act may traverse multiple such boundaries. A.16 Effect Observer Effect Observer means a component that obtains, measures, derives, attests to, or reports evidence of an actual effect or attempted effect. The Effect Observer may be the same component as the Finality Sink or may be independent, distributed, destination-side, sensor-based, hardware-based, or software-based. A.17 Protected State Protected State means state whose integrity, freshness, sequencing, confidentiality where applicable, and/or authorization is technically protected against unauthorized alteration or replay. Protected State may reside in secure hardware, privileged software, a protected database, append-only structure, remote service, distributed quorum, cryptographically authenticated store, or equivalent mechanism. A.18 Phase Phase means a defined effectuation stage within a single- phase or multi-phase operation. A phase may perform a real bounded effect, broader effect, final effect, validation action, key release, state promotion, or another consequence-producing operation. Phases need not be equal in size, duration, consequence, or mechanism. A.19 Single-Phase Effectuation Single-Phase Effectuation means an embodiment in which the complete authorized consequence is enabled through one effectuation phase after the applicable protected validation and approval conditions are satisfied. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 105] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 A.20 Multi-Phase / Progressive Effectuation Multi-Phase Effectuation or Progressive Effectuation means effectuation in two or more stages in which at least one later stage is conditioned upon protected evidence, state, approval, or authority resulting from an earlier stage. Progression may be fixed, adaptive, sequential, parallel, nested, quorum-based, or hybrid. A.21 Receipt-Gated Effectuation Receipt-Gated Effectuation means an arrangement in which a later effectuation phase remains technically unavailable, blocked, locked, or unauthorized until a required receipt or receiptderived predicate is successfully validated. A.22 Cryptographic Causal Dependency Cryptographic Causal Dependency means a protected relationship in which cryptographic material, a key, a capability, a signature, an authenticated state transition, or other executionenabling material for a later operation depends upon evidence associated with a preceding operation. The dependency need not use any particular hash function, KDF, signature algorithm, or key architecture. A.23 Missing Execution Material Missing Execution Material means data, cryptographic material, command material, key material, state, capability, share, latch condition, or other technical input without which the relevant effectuation cannot be completed. Such material may be withheld, encrypted, split, sealed, unconstructed, or otherwise unavailable until required finality conditions are met. A.24 Scoped Capability / Scoped Non-Bearer Capability Scoped Capability means authority constrained to a defined act, resource, destination, sink, phase, identity, time, purpose, consequence, or other scope. A Scoped Non-Bearer Capability additionally requires contextual conditions beyond mere possession of the capability representation, such as sink state, device binding, protected identity, nonce, phase, receipt, or hardware state. A.25 Execution Handle Execution Handle means a bounded execution- enabling object, reference, capability, or protected condition associated with a Candidate Act or effectuation phase. The term does not require an operating-system handle and may be implemented cryptographically, logically, physically, or by protected state. A.26 Protected Human Approval Protected Human Approval means a human authorization obtained through an authenticated and integrity- protected path and bound, where required, to the relevant act, phase, scope, receipt, destination, or consequence. Ordinary conversational text from the proposing agent need not constitute Protected Human Approval. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 106] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 A.27 Automatic Protected Approval Automatic Protected Approval means an approval or continuation decision produced by protected policy logic without requiring contemporaneous human interaction. Such logic may be deterministic, rule-based, formally verified, cryptographically committed, hardware-enforced, or otherwise protected from unauthorized control by the proposing agent. A.28 Hybrid Approval Hybrid Approval means an approval condition combining two or more decision sources, such as protected automatic policy plus human approval, multiple human authorities, multiple protected services, or threshold/quorum approval. A.29 Approval Artifact Approval Artifact means machine-verifiable evidence of an approval decision, optionally binding the exact act, phase, receipt, scope, identity, nonce, time, policy epoch, and sink. A.30 Non-Effective State Non-Effective State means a condition in which a Candidate Act, output, transaction, command, payload, or phase may exist computationally but cannot yet produce the relevant broader external consequence because required effectuation authority, material, state, or verification is absent. A.31 Fail-Closed Fail-Closed means that missing, invalid, stale, mismatched, unverifiable, or indeterminate mandatory evidence prevents the relevant broader effectuation unless a separately authorized recovery or safety path applies. A.32 Fail-Limited Fail-Limited means that full effectuation is withheld while a safer, narrower, reversible, localonly, quarantined, read-only, reduced-scope, or otherwise bounded operation remains permissible. A.33 Indeterminate State Indeterminate State means a state in which the system cannot yet establish whether a prior effect occurred, did not occur, or completed as required. An indeterminate state is distinct from both success and failure and may invoke reconciliation instead of blind retry. A.34 Reconciliation Reconciliation means a protected process for resolving an indeterminate effectuation state by querying or comparing authoritative or protected evidence such as transaction identifiers, sink state, destination state, protected logs, hardware counters, receipts, idempotency state, or other effect evidence. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 107] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 A.35 Idempotency Identifier / Idempotency Key Idempotency Identifier means a unique or sufficiently collision-resistant value associated with an effectuation attempt and used to detect, suppress, reconcile, or safely recover duplicate attempts. It need not be a cryptographic secret. A.36 Receipt Consumption Receipt Consumption means recording protected state indicating that a receipt has already been used to authorize a defined later transition, so that replay of the same receipt cannot independently authorize additional consequences beyond policy. A.37 Anti-Bypass / Alternative-Path Closure Anti-Bypass or Alternative-Path Closure means technical controls that prevent an actequivalent or consequence-equivalent path from producing a protected effect while avoiding required finality enforcement. The control may disable, mediate, cryptographically lock, credential- restrict, route, isolate, or otherwise subject alternate paths to equivalent protected conditions. A.38 Act-Equivalent / Effect-Equivalent Path Act-Equivalent Path or Effect-Equivalent Path means a different representation, interface, route, component, protocol, API, privilege path, or physical mechanism capable of producing the same or substantially similar protected consequence as the authorized Candidate Act or phase. A.39 Proof of Delivery (POD) Proof of Delivery (POD) means evidence that a communication, object, command, or payload reached a defined endpoint or delivery state. POD does not necessarily prove that the delivered object produced its intended downstream consequence. A.40 Proof of Effect (POE) Proof of Effect (POE) means evidence that a defined consequence, physical response, state transition, execution result, or other effect occurred. Depending on the embodiment, POE may require stronger or different evidence than POD. A.41 Receipt Quality Receipt Quality means a protected measure or classification of the evidentiary strength, trust, freshness, source, attestation level, measurement confidence, quorum strength, or other assurance associated with a receipt. A numeric quality score is illustrative rather than mandatory. A.42 Policy Epoch Policy Epoch means a version, generation, counter, digest, or other identifier representing the policy state under which an authorization, phase, or receipt is evaluated. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 108] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 A.43 Revocation Epoch Revocation Epoch means a version, generation, counter, digest, or other protected identifier representing current revocation state. It may be compared with an authority or receipt to prevent stale authority from surviving a revocation change. A.44 Taint State Taint State means protected metadata or classification indicating that data, content, process state, provenance, or downstream acts have been influenced by a source or condition requiring additional restriction, review, propagation, or policy treatment. The term is not limited to any specific Linux or information-flow implementation. A.45 Receipt Issuer Receipt Issuer means a component or protected authority that generates, signs, MACs, attests to, or otherwise authenticates an ECR or Completion Receipt. The Receipt Issuer may be the sink, destination, sensor, storage engine, transaction system, secure processor, quorum, or another protected observer. A.46 Hardware Latch / Protected Latch Protected Latch means protected binary or multi-state hardware, firmware, or logically equivalent state controlling whether a subsequent operation is available. The term encompasses registers, secure state variables, monotonic states, secure monitor state, microarchitectural gating, and comparable mechanisms. A.47 Semantic Effectuation Semantic Effectuation means the point at which information becomes usable, intelligible, actionable, or meaningfully disclosed to an intended or unintended party. It may occur later than network transport, for example where ciphertext is pre-delivered but decryption material is withheld. A.48 Pre-Staging Pre-Staging means moving, storing, queueing, loading, encrypting, or otherwise preparing all or part of an operation before the authority for its broader effect is available, while maintaining a technical barrier that prevents premature effectuation. A.49 Protected Observation Protected Observation means a measurement or determination whose integrity is sufficiently protected for use as a finality predicate. It may be generated by a sensor, transaction engine, receiving endpoint, secure service, trusted runtime, hardware controller, quorum, or equivalent source. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 109] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 A.50 Equivalent Bounded Enablement Condition Equivalent Bounded Enablement Condition means any protected technical condition that performs the role of limiting and enabling a defined effectuation without requiring a particular token or capability object. Examples include protected state, key availability, threshold satisfaction, latch state, transaction state, secure monitor output, route state, or destination-side acceptance. A.162. APPENDIX B - NOTATION, SYMBOLS, OPERATORS, AND MATHEMATICAL CONVENTIONS B.1 General Mathematical Convention The mathematics in this disclosure is principally architectural and constraint-oriented, not a requirement that every implementation calculate the exact displayed expression. Unless expressly stated otherwise, an equation may represent a logical dependency, protected relation, illustrative construction, state constraint, or one non- limiting implementation. Cryptographic functions shown by name, including HKDF, PRF, Sign, MAC, and H, may be replaced by technically suitable equivalents. Subscripts generally identify a phase, object, source, or state. The index i denotes a current phase or generic member of a sequence; i+1 denotes a subsequent phase; i-1 denotes a preceding phase; j and k are auxiliary indices. The symbol n usually denotes a final phase count, observer count, share count, destination count, or sequence length according to context. B.2 Core Act and Digest Notation H(Canon(A)). Figure 48 revocation state, nonce, and phase content. * A - Candidate Act, or the canonical/full act under consideration depending on context. * Canon(A) - deterministic canonical representation of Candidate Act A. * H(⋅) - cryptographic hash, digest, or equivalent collision- resistant commitment function. * DA - digest or protected identifier of the canonical Candidate Act; typically DA = * D - a generic digest or committed value where no subscript is required. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 110] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * Di - descriptor digest for phase i, typically binding the Candidate Act, phase, policy state, * D0 - descriptor digest for the initial or Phase-0 operation. B.3 Phase and Effect Notation * Pi - effectuation phase i. * P0 - initial bounded, demonstration, or trial phase. * P1 , P2 , ... , Pn - later effectuation phases through final phase n. * PF - final or remaining effectuation portion in a two-stage embodiment. * Pi,j - parallel or child sub-phase j within phase i. * P2.0 , P2.1 , P2.2 - illustrative nested sub-phases of phase 2. * Efull - complete effect magnitude where the effect can be quantitatively represented. * Ei - cumulative effect magnitude after phase i. * E0 - effect magnitude of the initial demonstration phase. * Eauthorized - maximum quantitatively authorized effect. * DeltaEi+1 - additional effect magnitude permitted for the next phase. * ρ0 - ratio of initial bounded effect to full effect, ρ0 = E0 /Efull . B.4 Policy, Revocation, Time, and Freshness * Ep - policy epoch bound to a phase or authority. * Er - revocation epoch bound to a phase or authority. * P olicyEpochcurrent - currently applicable policy epoch. * P olicyEpochtrial - policy epoch under which the trial phase occurred. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 111] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * Ni - phase-specific nonce, uniqueness value, or replay-prevention value. * N0 - nonce for Phase 0. * Ti - protected time or timing information associated with phase or receipt i. * tstart - permitted phase or authority start time. * texpiry - phase or authority expiration time. * F resh(Ri ) - predicate indicating that receipt Ri satisfies required freshness conditions. B.5 Capability and Authority Notation representation for phase i. * Ci - phase-specific capability, authority object, or cryptographically protected enablement * C0 - authority scoped to the initial bounded effect. * C1 , C2 - later phase authorities. * Scopei - authorized scope associated with phase i. * Scope(Ci ) - scope of capability or authority Ci . * Scopei+1 - permitted scope of the next phase. * M axP olicyScope - maximum scope currently allowed by protected policy. * Expiryi - expiration condition or time for authority Ci . * Authority(Pi+1 ) - authority required to effectuate phase Pi+1 . * Authorityi+1 - continuation authority corresponding to a subsequent phase. * F ullAuthority - authority sufficient to cause the complete protected consequence. * ContinuationEligibility - protected state indicating that continuation conditions are satisfied; it need not itself be the final execution authority. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 112] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 B.6 Cryptographic Key Notation the Protected Enforcement Domain. i * KP ED - cryptographic key, key handle, or protected signing/MAC authority associated with * KSink - cryptographic key or protected authentication authority associated with sink i. * Kroot - root secret or root protected key material from which phase material may be derived. * KR - root hardware secret in the hardware key-chain embodiment. * Ki - key or key material associated with phase i. * K0 , K1 , K2 - phase-specific keys for illustrative sequential phases. * Ki+1 - key or key material for a subsequent phase. * Kfinal - final execution or completion key/material needed for the final effect. * HKDF (⋅) - HMAC-based Key Derivation Function or an equivalent cryptographic keyderivation construction. * P RFK (⋅) - pseudorandom function keyed by K , or a technically equivalent protected derivation function. B.7 Signature, MAC, and Authentication Operators using key K . may be implemented using a signature, MAC, authenticated encryption, attestation, protected state, or equivalent technique. formulation. * SignK (x) or SignK (x) - digital signature, protected signing operation, or equivalent authenticated attestation over value x using signing authority K . * MACK (x) - message authentication code or equivalent symmetric authentication over x Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 113] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * P rotect(⋅) - generic notation for cryptographically or otherwise protected binding, which * V erify(Ri ) - verification operation applied to receipt Ri . * V (Ri ) - Boolean receipt-validity predicate; value 1 indicates success in the illustrated binary B.8 Receipt and Observation Notation confirmed * Ri - Effect Confirmation Receipt associated with phase i. * R0 - receipt corresponding to the initial bounded effect. * Ri-1 - receipt from the preceding phase. * Rn - receipt for the final indexed phase n. * Rfinal - aggregate or final Completion Receipt. * Risink - receipt or acknowledgement generated by the sink for phase i. * RiP ED - PED acknowledgement or protected receipt state associated with phase i. ment. * Ri * confirmed receipt-of-receipt state in a multi-party acknowledgement embodi- * Ri,j - receipt j among multiple observers or targets associated with phase i. * Oi - protected observation of the actual effect at phase i. * Xi - expected effect or expected observation for phase i. * ObservedEffecti - observed effect value or representation at phase i. * ExpectedEffectDigesti - protected digest or commitment representing the expected effect for phase i. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 114] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * Observedi - measured or observed state in a safety-envelope embodiment. * Observationi - generic protected observation corresponding to phase i. B.9 Receipt Status and Validation Predicates partial, rolled back, or indeterminate. conditions. * Statusi - status associated with phase/receipt i, for example accepted, completed, rejected, * M atch(Ri , Di ) - predicate requiring receipt Ri to correspond to descriptor Di . * P olicyV alid(Ep ) - predicate requiring the bound policy epoch/ state to remain valid. * RevocationV alid(Er ) - predicate requiring the applicable revocation state to remain valid. * SinkV alid(Sinki ) - predicate requiring the intended sink identity or sink state to be acceptable. * Approvali - approval predicate required for phase i, where applicable. * V alid(Ri ) - generic predicate indicating that receipt Ri satisfies the required verification * V alidReceipt - generic Boolean condition representing a valid required receipt. * V alidP olicy - generic Boolean condition representing valid current protected policy. * AcceptableRisk - Boolean or policy result indicating risk within an allowed bound. * Enable(Pi+1 ) - predicate/state controlling whether phase i + 1 is enabled. B.10 Risk, Confidence, Quality, and Adaptive Progression modes. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 115] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 form is required unless expressly stated. * Confidencei - protected confidence or assurance measure relevant to phase i. * Riski - risk measure/classification relevant to phase i. * Risknew - newly evaluated risk after a state change or receipt. * Riskallowed - maximum risk accepted by policy for the relevant continuation. * F ailureRatei - observed or protected failure-rate measure for phase i. * ReceiptQualityi - quality/assurance measure of the receipt at phase i. * QR - receipt-quality score, illustrated as a value in [0, 1]. * tauR - minimum protected receipt-quality threshold. * tau - generic threshold, for example an equivalence, success-rate, or quorum threshold depending on context. * T1 , T2 - illustrative policy thresholds separating automatic, enhanced, and human-review * f(⋅), g(⋅) - implementation-defined protected decision functions; no specific mathematical * History - protected historical evidence supplied to an adaptive scope function. * Approval - applicable approval state supplied to an adaptive scope function. * HumanDecisioni - protected human decision relevant to phase i. B.11 Reversibility and Taint Notation * Rev(Pi ) - reversibility score or classification of phase Pi , illustrated on [0, 1]. * T aint - protected taint/provenance classification or state. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 116] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * FALSE, LOW, HIGH - illustrative taint-state classes only; implementations may use other categories, bit fields, lattices, labels, scores, or predicates. B.12 Payment and Data Notation * M - total proposed payment amount or value. * m0 , m1 , ... , mn - bounded payment portions or phases whose aggregate may equal M . * F - complete file or file object. * F0 , F1 , ... , Fn - file fragments, segments, chunks, or protected partitions. * D1 , D2 , ... , Dn - individual destinations in a multi- destination embodiment. * Dtrial - trial subset of the full destination set D. B.13 Physical / Actuator Notation * Θ - complete requested trajectory, displacement, or actuator command magnitude. * θ0 - bounded initial actuator movement or trial command. * θobserved - protected measurement of actual movement. * epsilon - permitted measurement/error tolerance. * |x| - magnitude or absolute value of x, according to context. * SafeEnvelopei - permitted protected operating range or safety envelope for phase i. B.14 Identity, Sink, Destination, and Scope Functions * Sinki - Finality Sink or effect-capable sink associated with phase i. * Sink0 , Sink1 , ... , Sinkn - phase-specific sinks in same-sink or multi-sink embodiments. * SinkIdentity - protected identity, measurement, or identifier of the relevant sink. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 117] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * Destination(x) - destination associated with object, act, phase, or receipt x. * AuthorizedDestination(A) - destination authorized for Candidate Act A. * RequestedN extScope - proposed scope of a next phase. * AuthorizedF ullScope - maximum scope authorized for the full Candidate Act. B.15 Replay, Consumption, and Idempotency for its authorized transition. A. * Ii - idempotency identifier for phase i, illustrated as Ii = H(DA ∥ i ∥ Ni ). * Consumed(Ri ) - protected predicate/state indicating that receipt Ri has been consumed * T erminate(A) - protected operation that terminates further progression of Candidate Act * T erminated - protected terminal-state flag; TRUE means further unused continuation authority is invalid or blocked. B.16 Hardware-State Notation * Li - protected latch/state variable associated with phase i, illustrated as binary in one embodiment. * Li+1 = 0 - next phase is locked/unavailable. * Li+1 <- 1 - protected state transition enabling or marking availability of the next phase. B.17 Quorum, Parallelism, and Aggregate Receipts receipts among n participants. n * m-of-n - threshold condition requiring at least m valid members, shares, approvals, or * SUMj=1 V alid(Ri,j ) >= m - illustrative quorum rule requiring at least m valid receipts among Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 118] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 n observers/targets. B.18 Merkle / Aggregate Receipt Notation * SuccessfulReceipts - count or measure of successful receipts in a parallel phase. * T otalReceipts - total receipt count or expected receipt count in that phase. * AuthorizedN extSet - subset permitted to continue after partial success. * OriginalT argetSet - original target population or destination set for the phase. * Lj = H(Rj ) - Merkle leaf or receipt digest corresponding to receipt Rj . * RootR - Merkle root or aggregate commitment over a receipt set. * M erkleRoot(L1 , ... , Ln ) - function producing a Merkle-tree root over receipt leaves. B.19 Proof and Equivalence Notation used illustratively in a zero-knowledge or commitment context. * P OD - Proof of Delivery. * P OE - Proof of Effect. * Eq(Oi , Xi ) - equivalence/matching function comparing observed and expected effect representations. * Eq(Oi , Xi ) >= tau - threshold-based acceptance condition. * Eq(Oi , Xi ) = 1 - exact/equivalent acceptance in a binary formulation. * ∃x ∶ H(x) = D - existential statement that there exists a value x whose digest equals D; B.20 State-Machine Notation intermediate phase. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 119] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * S0 = P ROP OSED - Candidate Act exists but is not yet validated/ effected. * S1 = V ALIDAT ED - required initial protected validation succeeded. * S2 = T RIAL_AU T HORIZED - bounded trial phase is authorized. * S3 = T RIAL_EF F ECT ED - bounded trial effect has occurred or is recorded as effected. * S4 = RECEIP T _P EN DIN G - receipt evidence is expected or awaiting resolution. * S5 = RECEIP T _V ERIF IED - required receipt has been validated. * S6 = CON T IN U AT ION _AU T HORIZED - protected continuation authority is available. * S7 = P HASE _i_EF F ECT ED - generic state representing completion/effectuation of an * S8 = F U LLY _EF F ECT ED - full authorized effect is complete. * SF = DEN IED - terminal or blocked denial state. * SI = IN DET ERM IN AT E - unresolved effectuation state. * SR = ROLLED_BACK - protected rollback state. B.21 Logical and Set Operators or deriving. 0/1. * ∥ - concatenation or protected binding of serialized values before hashing, signing, MACing, * AND - logical AND. * OR - logical OR. * ¬ - logical NOT. * => - implication or protected causal/conditional relationship, according to context. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 120] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * ⇏ - does not necessarily imply. * -> - flow, state transition, sequencing, or dependency; not necessarily a mathematical function unless context states otherwise. * ↛ - prohibited or unavailable transition. * <- - assignment or protected state update. * = - equality, assignment-by-definition, or illustrative binding according to context. * != - inequality / non-equivalence. * <, >, <=, >= - ordering, threshold, or quantitative constraint. * subset-of - proper subset. * subset-or-equal - subset or equal set. * ∪ - set/segment union. * in - membership in a set or range. * AND_ALL - logical conjunction across an indexed set of predicates. * SUM - summation, including counting Boolean-valid receipts when predicates are mapped to * min - minimum of the supplied permitted bounds. * ↑, ↓ - illustrative increase/decrease relationships. B.22 Boolean and State Literals * 1 / TRUE - predicate satisfied or state asserted. * 0 / FALSE - predicate not satisfied or state not asserted. controls. evidence. outcomes selecting different effectuation modes; the names are descriptive labels rather than mandatory protocol tokens. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 121] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * ALLOW - protected decision allowing the relevant operation subject to remaining required * DENY - protected decision preventing the relevant operation. * INDETERMINATE - neither proven success nor proven failure. * REJECTED - target/sink refused the operation. * HARDWARE_CONFIRMED - illustrative assurance class requiring hardware-confirmed * SinglePhase, Demo+Full, Demo+MultiPhase+HumanApproval - illustrative policy B.23 Interpretation of Word-Like Expressions in Equations Word-like expressions appearing in displayed equations - for example ValidReceipt, PolicyValid, HumanApproval, AutomaticContinuation, DENY, SafeEnvelope, and FullEffect - denote logical predicates, state labels, functions, or protected decisions as indicated by context. They are not intended to require specific programming-language identifiers or literal wire-format strings. B.24 Non-Limiting Nature of Mathematical Examples Numerical examples such as 1%, 5%, 20%, 50%, 100%; 5 degrees and 90 degrees; or receiptquality values in the interval [0, 1] are illustrative. No particular percentage, tolerance, phase count, threshold, key- derivation function, cryptographic algorithm, receipt schema, or statemachine label is required unless expressly recited as mandatory in a particular embodiment or claim. Appendix B. Source-Derived IEV Core, Cross-Implementation, and Workflow Catalogue This appendix is a detailed source-derived technical annex based on the corresponding uploaded document. It is non-normative unless a main-body conformance profile explicitly incorporates a requirement. Terminology such as "implementation pattern" is used in headings where the source used patent-oriented drafting terminology; technical substance is retained. symbol retains the same meaning in all three Parts. Unified IEV Notation The following IEV-specific notation is used consistently throughout this document. Symbol Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 122] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 Meaning A DA Candidate Act. Protected digest or stable identifier of the Candidate Act, e.g. DA = H(Canon(A)). Real effectuation phase i. Protected evidence or receipt associated with real effectuation phase Pi . Expected effect or expected protected result for phase i. Observed actual effect or protected observation for phase i. validation function for the transition after phase i. Protected IEV state associated with phase i. Interim Validation Input Record for phase i. Continuation Validation Instruction authorizing or enabling consideration of phase i + 1. Finality Sink or equivalent effect- capable boundary for phase i. Phase-specific effectuation authority for phase i, where an explicit authority object is used. Root secret or protected root key controlled by the IEV or equivalent protected component. IEV-controlled next-phase key/share/material. Finality- Sink-controlled next-phase key/share/material. Combined next-phase authority material where split-key enforcement is used. Permitted tolerance for a measured phase-i effect. Authorized set of acceptable observed outcomes for phase i. Maximum authorized cumulative consequence or scope. Policy epoch. Revocation epoch. Protected Escalation Record for phase i. Pi Ri Xi Oi IEVi SiIEV IV IRi CV Ii+1 F Si Ci IEV Kroot IEV Ki+1 FS Ki+1 F inal Ki+1 epsiloni Ai EnvelopeMAX PE RE P ERi The notation is architectural and non-limiting. Cryptographic functions, state representations, and authority forms may be substituted by technically equivalent mechanisms while preserving the disclosed causal relationships. B.1. PART I - CORE INTERIM EFFECTUATION VALIDATOR EMBODIMENT 3.1 B.1.1. 1. Purpose In one embodiment, a multi-phase effectuation architecture includes an Interim Effectuation Validator positioned logically between completion or attempted completion of an earlier real effectuation phase and authorization of a later effectuation phase. The IEV provides an independent protected decision point that determines whether the preceding real effect occurred in a manner sufficiently Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 123] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 aligned with the authorized Candidate Act, expected effect, applicable policy, protected state, and continuation conditions before the Finality Sink is permitted to produce a subsequent effect. A first real effectuation phase may therefore occur through a Finality Sink directly to an external device, destination, service, actuator, transaction rail, network endpoint, storage system, or other effect-capable target: A -> F S0 -> P 0 After that real phase, protected evidence is returned to the IEV: P0 -> R0 -> IEV0 The IEV independently evaluates the evidence and, only if required continuation predicates are satisfied, issues or establishes the protected condition needed for the next phase: R0 -> IEV0 -> CV I1 -> F S1 -> P1 The IEV therefore need not relay the first effectuation command. It may become causally mandatory after the first real effect and before the next real effect. 3.2 B.1.2. 2. Interim Effectuation Validator Definition An Interim Effectuation Validator (IEV) means one or more protected logical, software, firmware, hardware, cryptographic, transactional, network, or distributed components positioned in a causal control path between an earlier effectuation event and authorization of a later effectuation event. The IEV is configured to independently evaluate evidence associated with an earlier real effectuation before permitting, recommending, authorizing, cryptographically enabling, or otherwise causing availability of a later effectuation phase. The term is functional and non-limiting. An IEV need not be a physically separate device. An IEV may be implemented: database transaction engine, or payment controller; safety MCU; * inside the same chip as a Finality Sink; * inside a different security island of the same chip; * inside a secure enclave, TEE, HSM, TPM-associated service, secure element, or security processor; * inside a DPU, SmartNIC, NIC, modem, baseband processor, GPU security processor, storage controller, * inside a vehicle ECU, robotic safety controller, PLC, actuator controller, industrial controller, or dedicated Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 124] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * inside firmware, a kernel, privileged operating-system service, hypervisor, microVM, or protected broker; * inside a remote protected service or destination-side protected service; * across multiple protected components under threshold, quorum, or distributed validation; * or through another architecture providing equivalent protected interim validation. The IEV may be part of a Protected Enforcement Domain, may constitute a separate Protected Enforcement Domain, or may cooperate with one or more PEDs or Finality Sinks. 3.3 B.1.3. 3. Decision Independence and Neutrality The IEV is preferably arranged so that its continuation decision cannot be arbitrarily determined, rewritten, forged, or bypassed by the component that proposed the Candidate Act or by an untrusted executor. The IEV may receive externally generated evidence. Its neutrality therefore does not mean that it ignores external information. Rather, external information affects the IEV through defined authenticated evidence interfaces and protected policy inputs, after which the IEV applies its own protected validation logic. Thus: AssertionAgent != V alidationIEV and receipt existence alone does not imply continuation: ReceiptExistsi = T RU E ⇏ Enable(Pi+1 ) A preferred causal relationship is: Enable(Pi+1 ) => IEV P assi = T RU E unless an expressly authorized escalation, remediation, or recovery path substitutes for ordinary continuation. Decision independence may be provided by privilege separation, process isolation, memory isolation, hardwareenforced isolation, key isolation, protected boot, secure firmware, immutable or authenticated policy, enclave protection, a separate security processor, physically separate hardware, a remote protected service, distributed threshold validation, administrative separation, or combinations thereof. 3.4 Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 125] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 B.1.4. 4. First-Phase Direct Effectuation A Candidate Act A defines or is associated with a requested complete effect and an authorized maximum envelope EnvelopeMAX . The system first selects a bounded real phase P0 and forms or activates a Phase-0 authority C0 where explicit authority is used. The Phase-0 Finality Sink verifies the applicable protected conditions and causes P0 to become real: F S0 (C0 , P0 ) -> Effect0 The first phase may travel directly from the Finality Sink to the external effect-capable target. The original effectuation command is not required to pass through the IEV before P0 . The IEV's principal role may begin when protected evidence of that real first-phase effect is generated. 3.5 B.1.5. 5. Effectuation Evidence Returned to the IEV After phase Pi , evidence associated with the actual effect is delivered to the IEV. Such evidence may comprise: * an Effect Confirmation Receipt; * sink-generated receipt; * destination acknowledgement; * protected sensor measurement; * transaction identifier or payment-rail confirmation; Let Ri represent the protected evidence associated with Pi . The receipt may originate from the Finality Sink itself, the destination, an independent observer, a protected sensor, transaction system, network element, or multiple sources. * database commit evidence; * storage commitment; * network acknowledgement; * actuator position or motion measurement; * current, voltage, pressure, temperature, torque, speed, or other physical measurement; * device-state transition; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 126] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * hardware counter; * signed telemetry; * attestation; * secure log entry; * protected interrupt; * receiver-generated receipt; * route or endpoint evidence; * quorum evidence; * or another machine-verifiable representation of the preceding effect. 3.6 B.1.6. 6. Evidence of Where Effectuation Actually Occurred In a preferred embodiment, Ri contains or cryptographically binds information sufficient for the IEV to determine where, through what boundary, or under what protected context the earlier effect actually occurred. Ri may bind one or more of: The IEV may therefore distinguish: Effect at AuthorizedT arget from: Effect at SubstituteT arget although both may superficially report success. * sink identity; * device identity; * destination or recipient identity; * route or endpoint; * account, wallet, payment rail, or settlement path; * database instance, shard, resource generation, or commit position; * storage object, namespace, media/controller identity, or durability state; * actuator, motor channel, controller, or physical device; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 127] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * process, VM, container, host, or hardware measurement; * execution environment; * resource identifier; * transaction identifier; * phase identifier; * policy epoch; * revocation epoch; * nonce; * timestamp; * observed result. 3.7 B.1.7. 7. Independent Validation of the Earlier Phase The IEV independently validates the earlier phase evidence. A general protected operation may be written: Vi = VIEV (Ri , A, Pi , SiIEV ) The IEV may verify: V erifyAuth(Ri ), M atchAct(Ri , DA ), M atchSink(Ri ), M atchDestination(Ri ), F resh(Ri ), N otReplayed(Ri ), M atchP hase(Ri , Pi ) M atchDevice(Ri ) P olicyCurrent, RevocationClear Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 128] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 and may additionally verify observed effect, current protected state, risk, taint, provenance, receipt quality, authorized envelope, next- phase scope, required approvals, and other domain-specific predicates. A generalized decision may be represented as: IEV Decisioni = V alidate(Ri , DA , Xi , SiIEV ) 3.8 B.1.8. 8. Comparison of Expected and Actual Effect The IEV may compare the expected effect Xi with the protected observed effect Oi . For exact systems: Oi = Xi may be required. For tolerance-based systems: d(Oi , Xi ) <= epsiloni may be accepted. For range-based systems: Li <= O i <= U i may be required. For set-based systems: Oi in A i may be sufficient. For predicate-based systems: Figure 49 k AND_ALL P redj (Oi ) = T RU E j=1 may define acceptance. Accordingly, the IEV need not merely determine that "something happened." It may independently determine whether the correct bounded consequence occurred at the correct place, through the correct effect-capable boundary, within the correct scope, and under the correct protected conditions. 3.9 B.1.9. 9. Successful Interim Validation If the preceding effect satisfies the required conditions: IEV Decisioni = P ASS then the IEV may produce or establish a Continuation Validation Instruction for the next phase: CV Ii+1 The CVI may be implemented as: * signed instruction; * MAC-protected instruction; * protected state transition; * continuation capability or non-bearer authority; * key, key share, or key-unsealing condition; * transaction-state transition; * commit permission; * network permit; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 129] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * actuator enablement; * register value; * hardware latch state; * policy-state transition; * cryptographic proof; * destination-local permission; * or equivalent technical continuation condition. 3.10 B.1.10. 10. Binding the Continuation Instruction to the Verified Prior Effect A strong embodiment binds the continuation instruction to the Candidate Act, prior receipt, next phase, next sink, and current protected state. For example: CV Ii+1 = P rotectKIEV (DA ∥ (i + 1) ∥ H(Ri ) ∥ Scope(Pi+1 ) ∥ Sinki+1 ∥ P E ∥ CounterIEV ∥ Expiry) Thus: V alid(Ri ) AND IEV P assi -> CV Ii+1 -> F Si+1 -> Pi+1 while: IEV P assi = F ALSE -> ¬CV Ii+1 Figure 50 unless an expressly authorized alternate escalation or remediation path is completed. 3.11 B.1.11. 11. Finality Sink Dependence on the IEV The later Finality Sink may be configured so that the next phase is technically unavailable without the IEV's accepted result. For example: Enable(Pi+1 ) = V alid(CV Ii+1 ) AND CurrentStateV alid AND W ithinEnvelope(Pi+1 ) The Finality Sink therefore does not need to trust a statement from the proposing agent that the preceding phase succeeded. It verifies protected IEV output or protected state established by the IEV. The architecture creates the causal sequence: RealEffecti -> IndependentInterimV alidationi -> RealEffecti+1 3.12 Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 130] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 B.1.12. 12. Multi-Phase Interim Validation The same process may be repeated for any number of phases: P0 -> R0 -> IEV0 -> CV I1 -> P1 -> R1 -> IEV1 -> CV I2 -> ⋯ -> Pn The same physical IEV may validate every phase, or distinct validators may be used: 3.13 B.1.13. 13. Misalignment Detection The IEV may determine that the earlier phase does not sufficiently match the authorized or expected result. Examples include: Let: M isalignmenti = T RU E When misalignment is detected, the next phase is not automatically released. * wrong recipient or endpoint; * wrong sink or device; * wrong actuator or route; * wrong amount, file, object, or resource; * excessive or insufficient physical movement; * unexpected latency or altered payload; * incorrect transaction state; * stale policy epoch or stale receipt; * invalid signature or missing attestation; * sensor disagreement; * route substitution; * unexpected taint or provenance; * unauthorized intermediary; * excessive risk; * partial failure; * or another protected deviation. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 131] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 3.14 B.1.14. 14. Human Escalation Following Misalignment One response path is: M isalignmenti -> P rotectedHumanReview The IEV may prepare a protected escalation record describing the intended effect, actual observed effect, deviation, receipt, sink, destination, device, risk, proposed next phase, remediation options, and relevant protected context. The human may: A human override should preferably be separately authenticated and bound to the observed evidence and requested continuation scope. * authorize continuation; * authorize reduced scope; * require another trial; * change an authorized destination where policy permits; * deny continuation; * require rollback or compensation; * terminate the act; * or escalate to another protected authority. 3.15 B.1.15. 15. Automated Error-Catcher / Remediation Path Misalignment need not always require human intervention. The IEV may send the condition to an Automated Error-Correction or Escalation Controller. The controller may propose: The automated controller need not itself receive unrestricted authority. Its proposed remediation may return to the IEV for validation before a bounded remediation authority is issued. A generalized IEV decision set may be: * evidence re-query; * stronger attestation; * bounded retry; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 132] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * reduced next-phase scope; * alternate authorized sink; * rollback; * compensation; * reconciliation; * quarantine; * a new bounded trial; * fail-limited mode; * or protected human review. IEV Decisioni in {P ASS, F AIL, HOLD, RET RY , RECON CILE, ESCALAT E, HU M AN _REV IEW , REDU CE_SC 3.16 B.1.16. 16. Indeterminate Result If the IEV cannot independently establish whether the preceding phase occurred correctly: IEV Decisioni = IN DET ERM IN AT E then the next phase remains unavailable. The system may obtain additional sink evidence, destination state, protected logs, idempotency state, sensor evidence, transaction status, replica evidence, quorum evidence, trusted time, hardware counters, or other reconciliation inputs. No broader effect need be released until the indeterminate state is resolved under protected policy. 3.17 B.1.17. 17. Protected Middle Decision Plane The IEV may form a protected middle decision plane: Application/Agent -> F Si -> RealEffecti -> Ri -> IEVi -> CV Ii+1 -> F Si+1 -> RealEffecti+1 The IEV may be positioned locally, remotely, on-chip, off-chip, within the same physical component, or across multiple protected components. The controlling concept is the protected causal position between evidence of one real effectuation phase and authority for the next phase. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 133] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 3.18 B.1.18. 18. On-Chip Embodiment In one embodiment, the IEV resides inside the same SoC as the executor or Finality Sink but within a separate protected security domain. A representative chain is: ApplicationCP U -> HardwareF S -> Pi -> P rotectedCompletionState -> OnChipIEV -> CV Ii+1 -> HardwareF S -> Pi The IEV may have independent key storage, protected SRAM, policy state, monotonic counters, validation logic, secure boot measurement, and receipt- verification logic. 3.19 B.1.19. 19. Physically Separate IEV Embodiment The IEV may instead reside in another device or protected service: DeviceA -> Pi -> DeviceB -> Ri -> IndependentV alidatorC -> CV Ii+1 -> F SA Such separation may provide administrative, hardware, manufacturer, jurisdictional, or operational independence. 3.20 B.1.20. 20. SEND / Communication Example An AI agent proposes sending a sensitive file. Phase 0 causes a real bounded trailer or protected pre-release object to reach the intended recipient. The recipient generates R0 confirming the actual endpoint, recipient, trailer digest, and relevant path state. The receipt is not used directly by the agent to release the full file. Instead: R0 -> IEV0 The IEV verifies recipient, endpoint, trailer digest, message binding, route, freshness, receipt authenticity, policy, and expected destination state. If all required conditions match: IEV0 -> CV I1 The Finality Sink verifies CV I1 and only then releases the remaining payload or decryption key. If the recipient or endpoint differs from the authorized destination, the IEV may block, reduce scope, reconcile, or route the matter to protected human review. 3.21 Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 134] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 B.1.21. 21. Payment Example A Candidate Payment Act requests transfer of a larger authorized amount. The Finality Sink first performs a bounded real verification transfer, reservation, hold, or other rail-supported bounded financial effect. The payment infrastructure returns R0 . The IEV independently verifies payer, beneficiary, account, rail, bounded amount, asset/currency, transaction identifier, settlement/hold state, policy, and receipt authenticity. Only after successful validation does the IEV provide CV I1 or equivalent continuation material to the payment Finality Sink. A mismatch may cause: HOLD, HU M AN _REV IEW , RECON CILE, REDU CE_SCOP E, or T ERM IN AT E rather than automatic broader payment. 3.22 B.1.22. 22. Hardware Actuator Example Suppose the requested total movement is: 90∘ The first real phase permits: 5∘ A protected sensor reports an observed movement such as: O0 = 4.98∘ The IEV checks: |4.98∘ - 5∘ | <= epsilon0 and additionally verifies actuator identity, sensor identity, fault state, nonce, time window, policy, and applicable safety state. If valid, the IEV issues CV I1 , allowing the hardware Finality Sink to release the next movement envelope. The sensor does not directly authorize the remaining movement; the IEV independently interprets the protected sensor evidence. 3.23 B.1.23. 23. Multiple Evidence Sources The IEV may require multiple evidence sources, for example: RiSink , RiDestination , Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 135] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 Continuation may require conjunction: RiSensor , RiNetwork m AND_ALL V alid(Rij ) = T RU E j=1 or a threshold/quorum rule: n SUM V alid(Rij ) >= m j=1 This may prevent a single compromised observer from automatically causing progression. 3.24 B.1.24. 24. Logical Distinction Without Physical Separation Physical separation is not required. A single chip, processor, controller, or service may implement both IEV and Finality Sink functions provided protected state preserves the causal separation between: 1. effectuation; 2. observation; 3. interim validation; and 4. continuation authorization. Thus: P hysicalComponentIEV = P hysicalComponentF S may be permitted while the protected decision functions remain logically distinct. 3.25 B.1.25. 25. Anti-Bypass Requirement Where interim validation is mandatory, the next phase must not remain available through an alternate path that ignores the IEV. Equivalent continuation paths may therefore require an IEV-issued instruction, IEV-controlled state, IEVderived key/share, IEV signature, IEV counter transition, protected latch, threshold participation, or an equivalent protected condition. If an act-equivalent alternate path can cause Pi+1 without equivalent interim validation, that path must be disabled, mediated, capability-restricted, cryptographically locked, hardware-gated, transaction-gated, or subjected to corresponding protected validation. 3.26 Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 136] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 B.1.26. 26. Required Core Invariants Invariant 1. At least one earlier real effectuation phase occurs or is attempted through an effect-capable boundary. Invariant 2. Evidence describing the actual earlier effect is made available to an IEV. Invariant 3. The IEV evaluates that evidence independently of a mere success assertion by the Candidate Act source. Invariant 4. A required later phase remains unavailable until the IEV accepts the earlier effect or an explicitly authorized escalation/remediation path completes. Invariant 5. The IEV may be software, firmware, hardware, on-chip, off-chip, local, remote, centralized, distributed, or combined with another protected component. Invariant 6. Mismatch, failure, uncertainty, or policy deviation may block progression, reduce scope, invoke remediation, enter reconciliation, or invoke protected human escalation. Invariant 7. Physical placement does not define the architecture; the controlling property is the protected causal position of the IEV between evidence of one real effectuation phase and authority for a subsequent phase. 3.27 B.1.27. 27. Central Technical Statement The embodiment may be summarized as: RealEffecti -> P rotectedEvidencei -> IndependentIEV V alidationi -> ContinuationAuthorityi+1 -> F Si+1 -> RealEf The IEV operates as a protected inter-phase judgment boundary. It does not itself need to perform the external effect. It independently determines whether evidence generated by an earlier real effect is sufficiently aligned with the authorized act and continuation requirements, and only thereafter permits the Finality Sink to produce the next consequential effect. B.2. PART II - CROSS-EMBODIMENT TECHNICAL IMPLEMENTATION OF THE IEV 4.1 B.2.1. 28. Applicability to Other Embodiments The IEV architecture may be incorporated into any compatible single- phase, two-phase, multi-phase, software, hardware, network, transaction, communication, payment, storage, database, cloud, AI- tool, credential, datarelease, robotic, vehicular, industrial, telecom, radio, satellite, accelerator, model-state, software-update, distributed, multi-destination, quorum, reconciliation, or recovery Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 137] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 embodiment in which a later consequential phase can be made dependent on protected evaluation of evidence from an earlier phase. Where an embodiment includes effectuation events or protected transitions P0 , P1 , ... , Pn , an IEV may be inserted between selected phases: Pi -> Ri -> IEVi -> CV Ii+1 -> F Si+1 -> Pi+1 The IEV need not replace an existing Finality Sink, PED, receipt verifier, hardware gate, policy engine, transaction controller, or effect observer. It may be inserted as an additional protected validation layer in the continuation path. 4.2 B.2.2. 29. Technical Insertion Rule For an existing embodiment having: Pi -> Ri -> ContinuationAuthorityi+1 -> Pi+1 an IEV-enabled version may replace the direct transition with: Pi -> Ri -> IEVi -> V alidatedContinuationStatei -> ContinuationAuthorityi+1 -> Pi+1 The IEV therefore becomes a required consumer of phase-i evidence. A receipt merely existing is insufficient: ReceiptExistsi = T RU E The protected continuation condition may instead require: ReceiptV alidi AND IEV P assi = T RU E before broader effectuation is technically enabled. 4.3 B.2.3. 30. Concrete IEV Input Interface Each effectuation phase may produce a structured Interim Validation Input Record: IV IRi A non-limiting structure is: IV IRi = {DA , P haseIDi , H(Ci ), Xi , Oi , SinkIDi , DestinationIDi , ObserverIDi , ResourceIDi , T ransactionIDi , N oncei , Counteri , P Ei , REi , ResultCodei , H(Ri ), T imestampi }. The IVIR may be formed from an ECR, completion receipt, sensor receipt, payment receipt, database commit receipt, network receipt, storage receipt, hardware event, or equivalent protected evidence. It may be authenticated using digital signature, MAC, attestation, authenticated hardware mailbox, protected shared memory, secure interrupt, secure RPC, measured IPC channel, hardware register, transaction record, or equivalent integrity-protected transport. The IEV rejects an unauthenticated or structurally invalid IVIR. 4.4 Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 138] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 B.2.4. 31. Protected IEV State The IEV may maintain protected state SiIEV containing one or more of: The state may reside in protected process memory, kernel-protected memory, enclave memory, secure-element memory, HSM state, TPM NV storage, protected SRAM, secure flash, FPGA registers, ASIC state, hardware counters, protected database state, replicated consensus state, or other tamper-resistant/access-controlled storage. The Candidate Act source preferably lacks arbitrary write authority to SiIEV . * DA ; * EnvelopeMAX ; * current phase identifier; * expected prior phase; * expected sink, destination, and observer; * acceptable result or tolerance; * minimum receipt quality; * policy and revocation epochs; * allowed continuation scope; * permitted phase sequence; * receipt-consumption state; * retry state; * human-escalation state; * reconciliation state; * taint and provenance requirements; * current risk state; * monotonic counter; * continuation-authority status. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 139] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 4.5 B.2.5. 32. Protected IEV Validation Algorithm A concrete validation operation may comprise: 5. verify sink identity; 7. verify resource identity; * authenticate the receipt source; * confirm Candidate Act binding; * confirm the phase identifier; * confirm prior phase authority where applicable; * verify destination or recipient identity; * verify observer identity where applicable; 9. verify receipt freshness; 10. verify nonce/counter state; 13. verify policy epoch; 14. verify revocation state; For example: IEV P assi = AuthV alid(Ri ) AND ActM atch(Ri , DA ) AND P haseM atch(Ri , i) Only if all required predicates evaluate to an acceptable protected state does ordinary continuation proceed. Figure 51 * verify absence of replay; * compare expected and observed effects; * verify risk, taint, and provenance predicates; * determine whether the requested next phase remains inside EnvelopeMAX ; * determine whether additional human or threshold approval is required; * atomically record the validation result. AND SinkM atch(Ri ) AND DestinationM atch(Ri ) AND F resh(Ri ) AND N otConsumed(Ri ) AND EffectAcceptable(Oi , Xi ) AND P olicyCurrent AND RevocationClear AND W ithinEnvelope(Pi+1 ). 4.6 Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 140] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 B.2.6. 33. Exact, Range, Tolerance, Set, and Predicate Validation 4.6.1 Exact comparison Oi = Xi 4.6.2 Tolerance comparison |Oi - Xi | <= epsiloni or, for structured effects: d(Oi , Xi ) <= epsiloni 4.6.3 Range comparison Li <= O i <= U i 4.6.4 Set-membership comparison Oi in A i 4.6.5 Predicate-based comparison k AND_ALL P redj (Oi ) = T RU E j=1 These alternatives permit the IEV to operate across digital, transactional, network, and physical systems. 4.7 B.2.7. 34. Continuation Validation Instruction After successful evaluation, the IEV may create: CV Ii+1 A representative structure is: CV Ii+1 = P rotectKIEV (DA ∥ (i + 1) ∥ H(Ri ) ∥ Scope(Pi+1 ) ∥ Sinki+1 ∥ Destinationi+1 ∥ P E ∥ CounterIEV ∥ Expiry). The CVI may therefore bind the original act, prior verified effect, next phase, next scope, next sink, next destination, protected epoch, validator counter, and validity period. Figure 52 4.8 B.2.8. 35. Finality Sink Verification of IEV Output The next Finality Sink may independently verify: V erifyIEV (CV Ii+1 ) M atchAct(CV Ii+1 , DA ) M atchReceipt(CV Ii+1 , H(Ri )) Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 141] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 M atchP hase(CV Ii+1 , i + 1) M atchScope(CV Ii+1 , Pi+1 ) M atchSink(CV Ii+1 , F Si+1 ) and may additionally verify destination, policy epoch, freshness, expiry, counter, consumption state, and protected local state. A CVI for one Candidate Act, phase, destination, sink, scope, or epoch therefore need not be valid for another. 4.9 B.2.9. 36. Cryptographically Missing Continuation Material A stronger implementation makes the IEV technically indispensable by placing part of the next-phase execution material under IEV control. For example: IEV IEV Ki+1 = KDF (Kroot , DA , H(Ri ), i + 1, Sinki+1 , CounterIEV ) Figure 53 The Finality Sink may require that material to authenticate, decrypt, unwrap, sign, schedule, commit, transmit, or actuate the next phase. Without successful IEV validation: IEV IEV P assi != T RU E => Ki+1 unavailable Figure 54 The next phase may therefore be cryptographically non-completable rather than merely policy-disallowed. 4.10 B.2.10. 37. Split-Key Implementation FS IEV The Finality Sink may hold its own protected share Ki+1 while the IEV controls Ki+1 . The usable next-phase authority may require: F inal FS IEV , Ki+1 ) Ki+1 = Combine (Ki+1 Thus: FS Ki+1 alone ⇏ Enable(Pi+1 ) and: IEV alone ⇏ Effectuate(Pi+1 ) Ki+1 Both protected conditions are required. 4.11 Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 142] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 B.2.11. 38. Hardware-Latch Implementation Instead of or in addition to cryptographic key material, the IEV may control protected hardware state LIEV . A next-phase enable condition may be: EN ABLEi+1 = F SV alidi+1 AND (LIEV = P ASSi ) The latch may reside in FPGA logic, ASIC logic, secure MCU, safety controller, motor controller, NIC, SmartNIC, DPU, storage controller, memory controller, GPU security processor, modem, baseband, ECU, PLC, actuator controller, or another hardware component. Ordinary application software preferably cannot directly write the protected latch. 4.12 B.2.12. 39. Secure-Mailbox Implementation Where the IEV and Finality Sink reside in separate hardware or trust domains, the IEV may place CV Ii+1 into an authenticated secure mailbox: M ailboxIEV ->F S The mailbox may enforce authenticated sender identity, sequence numbers, monotonic counters, one-time consumption, fixed destination, integrity protection, confidentiality where required, interrupt binding, and acknowledgement. The Finality Sink accepts continuation only from the protected IEV mailbox or an equivalent authenticated source. 4.13 B.2.13. 40. Protected Shared-Memory Implementation Where IEV and Finality Sink are on the same chip or host, protected memory may hold: ContinuationState[i + 1] A representative access model is: W rite(ContinuationState) ∶ IEV only ReadConsume(ContinuationState) ∶ F S only The AI/application may have neither permission. This may be enforced using MMU/MPU protections, page-table isolation, enclave memory, hypervisor mappings, IOMMU, hardware ACLs, secure SRAM, bus firewalls, capability-tagged memory, or equivalent mechanisms. 4.14 B.2.14. 41. Kernel / Operating-System Implementation A software PED implementation may operate as follows: A representative chain is: Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 143] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * an agent issues a bounded Candidate Act; * a kernel/service Finality Sink permits P0 ; * an authenticated result event is delivered to a privileged IEV process; * the IEV validates the receipt; * the IEV updates protected continuation state; * a kernel hook permits P1 only if that state is valid. Agent -> F inalityGate -> Pi -> Receipt/Event -> P rivilegedIEV -> P rotectedContinuationState -> Kernel/N etworkG The application cannot directly alter the IEV state. 4.15 B.2.15. 42. Network Implementation A network embodiment may use: Application -> EgressF S -> BoundedN etworkEffecti -> Ri -> IEVi -> CV Ii+1 -> EgressF S -> BroaderT ransmission The network Finality Sink may be a host proxy, API gateway, service mesh, firewall, NIC, SmartNIC, DPU, router, switch, telecom gateway, or remote service. The second-phase traffic may carry an IEV-issued authenticator, reference to CV Ii+1 , or a phase-specific key derived from IEV approval. 4.16 B.2.16. 43. Database / Transaction Implementation For database or transaction embodiments: T Xi -> COM M ITi -> CommitReceipti -> IEVi -> P romotionP ermiti+1 -> T Xi+1 The database may store protected transaction metadata such as: IEV _AP P ROV EDi+1 = T RU E A trigger, transaction manager, commit hook, WAL controller, database policy module, or native state machine may refuse the next commit unless the protected validation state is present. Figure 55 4.17 Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 144] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 B.2.17. 44. Storage Implementation A storage controller may first persist Objecti in a restricted namespace and generate a durable-state receipt. The IEV may verify object digest, storage target, media/controller identity, namespace, replication state, durability state, destination, and policy. The IEV then authorizes promotion into a broader visible state or key release: RestrictedStoragei -> Ri -> IEVi -> P romotionAuthorityi+1 -> V isibleStoragei+1 4.18 B.2.18. 45. Communication / SEND Implementation For SEND: SEND T raileri -> Recipient -> Ri -> IEVi -> CV Ii+1 -> M essageF S -> F ullOrBroaderM essagei+1 The IEV may verify exact recipient, service identity, device identity, endpoint, trailer digest, message digest binding, route, receipt freshness, policy, and replay state. A receipt from another recipient or endpoint does not satisfy the continuation condition for the authorized target. 4.19 B.2.19. 46. Payment Implementation For payment: BoundedP aymenti -> P aymentReceipti -> IEVi -> SettlementP ermiti+1 -> P aymentF S -> P aymenti+1 The IEV may verify payer, beneficiary, account, wallet, asset, currency, amount, rail, transaction identifier, hold/reservation state, settlement state, risk state, policy, and receipt authenticity. The next payment stage may require an IEV-generated signature share, state transition, permit, or key share. 4.20 Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 145] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 B.2.20. 47. Robotic / Vehicle / Actuator Implementation For physical systems: M otioni -> SensorEvidencei -> IEVi -> M otionP ermiti+1 -> ActuatorF S -> M otioni+1 The IEV may evaluate position, velocity, acceleration, current, torque, pressure, temperature, fault state, location, geofence, obstacle state, sensor agreement, controller identity, and safety envelope. The IEV may be implemented by a dedicated safety MCU or security island separate from the autonomous planning controller. 4.21 B.2.21. 48. Telecom / Radio / Satellite Implementation For telecommunications or radio: BoundedT ransmissioni -> N etwork/RF Receipti -> IEVi -> T ransmissionP ermiti+1 -> RF /N etworkF S -> BroaderT r The IEV may validate carrier/band, frequency, channel, beam, power, duration, cell, destination, route, bearer, network slice, satellite/gateway identity, receiver acknowledgement, interference state, and applicable safety conditions. The next transmission key, scheduler permit, bearer expansion, or RF authority may remain unavailable before IEV approval. 4.22 B.2.22. 49. GPU / Accelerator Implementation For accelerator systems: ComputeP hasei -> DeviceReceipti -> IEVi -> ReleaseP ermiti+1 -> GP U /DP U /M emoryF S -> Effecti+1 The IEV may validate accelerator identity, measured firmware, model/workload digest, memory region, command queue, device counter, output digest, protected execution state, DMA destination, and allowed egress. Successful computation alone need not permit broader external data release, tool invocation, SEND, payment, or another consequential effect. 4.23 B.2.23. 50. AI Tool-Use Implementation For tool use: T oolEffecti -> T oolReceipti -> IEVi -> T oolContinuationP ermiti+1 -> T oolF S -> N extT oolEffecti+1 The IEV may independently verify tool identity, method, arguments, resource, account, destination, Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 146] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 actual result, side-effect scope, authorization envelope, and next requested tool operation. The AI cannot self-certify that the prior tool call was successful. 4.24 B.2.24. 51. Model-State / Memory Update Implementation For model memory, vector stores, or persistent AI state: P rovisionalStatei -> StateReceipti -> IEVi -> P romotionP ermiti+1 -> StateF S -> CommittedStatei+1 The IEV may validate namespace, model/user identity, provenance, taint, vector/object identifiers, write-set digest, retention policy, conflict state, and resulting storage state. 4.25 B.2.25. 52. Software / Firmware Update Implementation For updates: CanaryActivationi -> HealthReceipti -> IEVi -> RolloutP ermiti+1 -> U pdateF S -> BroaderActivationi+1 The IEV may verify artifact digest, signer, device/host cohort, boot state, error rate, crash state, health checks, compatibility state, rollback availability, security measurements, and policy. 4.26 B.2.26. 53. Multi-Destination Implementation Where phase i affects destinations D1 , D2 , ... , Dn , the IEV may receive: Ri1 , Ri2 , ... , Rin Continuation may require all: n AND_ALL V alid(Rij ) = T RU E j=1 or a quorum: n SUM V alid(Rij ) >= m j=1 or a role-weighted/critical-node rule. The IEV may then determine which destinations may proceed. A failed destination need not cause authority to be granted to another destination unless protected policy permits it. 4.27 Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 147] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 B.2.27. 54. Quorum / Consensus Implementation The IEV itself may be distributed. Let: IEV 1 , IEV 2 , ... , IEV n be independent validator instances. Continuation may require: n SUM P ass(IEV j ) >= m j=1 The resulting continuation instruction may be threshold-signed, multi-signed, consensus committed, Merkle committed, replicated, or otherwise collectively authenticated. No single validator need control continuation. 4.28 B.2.28. 55. Human Escalation Implementation When: IEV Decisioni = ESCALAT E or: IEV Decisioni = HU M AN _REV IEW the IEV may generate a Protected Escalation Record: P ERi For example: P ERi = P rotect(DA , H(Ri ), Xi , Oi , Deviationi , RequestedN extP hasei , Riski , P Ei ). The protected human interface displays relevant evidence. A human response Hi may be bound to both H(Ri ) and H(P ERi ) before becoming effective. The human thereby approves the actual observed deviation and proposed continuation rather than an unrelated generic request. 4.29 B.2.29. 56. Automated Error-Catcher Implementation An automated remediation component may receive P ERi or an equivalent protected error record and propose: Actioni in {REQU ERY , REAT T EST , RET RY , REDU CE, ROLLBACK, COM P EN SAT E, ALT ERN AT E_SIN K, Q The error controller does not automatically receive unrestricted continuation authority. A protected sequence may be: ErrorControllerP roposal -> IEVi -> RemediationAuthorityi 4.30 B.2.30. 57. Atomic Validation, Consumption, and Phase Advancement To prevent replay, successful IEV validation may atomically: Consumed(Ri ) = T RU E P haseState = i + 1 Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 148] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 CV Ii+1 = ISSU ED A representative protected transaction is: Atomic{Consume(Ri ); AdvanceP hase(); Issue(CV Ii+1 ); } This prevents a crash between validation and consumption from allowing the same receipt to independently authorize multiple next-phase effects. 4.31 B.2.31. 58. Crash After IEV Approval If the IEV approves continuation but the Finality Sink crashes before confirming consumption, protected state may record: CV IStatei+1 = ISSU ED_N OT _CON F IRM ED After recovery, the system queries Finality Sink consumption/effect state rather than blindly issuing a second equivalent authority. If consumption is proven, the corresponding effect is reconciled. If non-consumption is proven, protected policy may permit reuse or replacement. If unknown, the system enters an indeterminate state. 4.32 B.2.32. 59. Crash During the Next Effect If CV Ii+1 was consumed but the result of Pi+1 is uncertain, the IEV does not simply reissue equivalent continuation authority. Instead: Pi+1 -> Reconciliation -> Ri+1 must establish whether the phase was effected, not effected, partially effected, rolled back, compensated, or remains indeterminate. 4.33 B.2.33. 60. Anti-Substitution A receipt from a valid but different operation must not enable continuation for the current operation. For example, RX is unacceptable for phase i if any required binding differs: DAX != DA or: SinkX != Sinki or: DestinationX != Destinationi or: P haseX != i. The receipt must therefore be contextually valid, not merely cryptographically authentic. 4.34 B.2.34. 61. Anti-Bypass Implementation Where IEV validation is mandatory, all act-equivalent paths capable of causing Pi+1 may be configured so that they lack at least one required execution condition unless the IEV has approved continuation. Examples of missing conditions include: Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 149] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 Thus: BypassP athi+1 ⊉ RequiredM ateriali+1 unless the bypass path is subjected to the same or equivalent IEV-controlled continuation process. * signing key/share; * transaction role; * decryption material; * network permit; * hardware enable; * database role; * message-send credential; * actuator key; * DMA permission; * storage promotion bit; * RF scheduler permit; * protected phase state. 4.35 B.2.35. 62. Concrete Cross-Embodiment Insertion Procedure For avoidance of doubt, an embodiment that does not expressly repeat the words Interim Effectuation Validator may incorporate the IEV by the following technical transformation: * Identify a real effectuation phase or bounded consequence already present in the embodiment. B.2.36. 2. Cause the responsible Finality Sink, effect observer, destination, transaction system, sensor, or protected component to generate authenticated evidence describing that phase. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 150] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 B.2.37. 3. Route the authenticated evidence to an IEV having protected state and policy not arbitrarily writable by the Candidate Act source. B.2.38. 4. Cause the IEV to authenticate the evidence and compare the observed effect with the authorized and expected effect. B.2.39. 5. Where required conditions match, cause the IEV to generate or enable a phase-specific continuation condition. B.2.40. 6. Configure the next Finality Sink or effect-capable boundary to require that continuation condition before the next phase can become effective. This provides a concrete technical method for incorporating the IEV into compatible embodiments without reproducing the complete validator description in every domain-specific section. * Where conditions do not match, withhold the continuation condition and invoke a protected failure, reconciliation, automated- remediation, reduced-scope, or human-escalation path. 4.36 B.2.41. 63. Cross-Embodiment Technical Invariant Where an IEV is incorporated, the architecture may satisfy: Effecti -> AuthenticatedEvidencei -> IndependentIEV V alidationi -> P rotectedContinuationConditioni+1 -> F Si+1 -> Accordingly, the statement that an IEV may be used is not merely an abstract policy option. It may specifically mean that: condition; and next phase without satisfaction of that condition. * authenticated evidence is generated from a real preceding effect; * protected IEV state receives and evaluates that evidence; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 151] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * the IEV produces a cryptographically, electronically, transactionally, or logically enforced continuation * the next effect-capable boundary is technically unable, or is configured not, to effectuate the protected B.3. PART III - STEP-BY-STEP PSEUDOCODE / OPERATIONAL WORKFLOW ALGORITHM: INTERIM_EFFECTUATION_VALIDATOR_WORKFLOW PURPOSE: Permit a first real effectuation phase. Obtain protected evidence describing what actually occurred. Independently validate that evidence in an Interim Effectuation Validator (IEV). Permit a subsequent effectuation phase only if: (a) the IEV accepts the earlier effect, or (b) an explicitly authorized escalation/remediation path permits continuation. ---------------------------------------------------------------------INPUTS ---------------------------------------------------------------------CandidateAct A ActDigest D_A AuthorizedMaximum Envelope_MAX PhasePlan: P_0, P_1, ... P_n ProtectedPolicy Policy PolicyEpoch PE RevocationEpoch RE ExpectedSink[i] ExpectedDestination[i] ExpectedEffect[i] AllowedTolerance[i] ApprovalMode[i]: AUTOMATIC HUMAN HYBRID PREAUTHORIZED THRESHOLD Protected IEV State S_IEV FinalitySink FS[i] EffectObserver EO[i] Optional: HumanApprovalSystem HAS AutomatedErrorController AEC ReconciliationController RC ProtectedReceiptStore PRS ---------------------------------------------------------------------PROTECTED STATE INITIALIZATION ---------------------------------------------------------------------S_IEV.act_digest S_IEV.maximum_envelope S_IEV.current_phase Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 152] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 S_IEV.policy_epoch S_IEV.revocation_epoch S_IEV.status S_IEV.consumed_receipts S_IEV.issued_CVI S_IEV.retry_count S_IEV.escalation_state S_IEV.reconciliation_state := D_A := Envelope_MAX := 0 := PE := RE := READY_FOR_PHASE_0 := EMPTY_SET := EMPTY_SET := 0 := NONE := NONE ---------------------------------------------------------------------STEP 1 - RECEIVE CANDIDATE ACT ---------------------------------------------------------------------- function RECEIVE_CANDIDATE_ACT(A): D_A := HASH(CANONICALIZE(A)) if D_A != S_IEV.act_digest: return BLOCK("Candidate Act mismatch") if A exceeds Envelope_MAX: return BLOCK("Candidate Act exceeds authorized maximum") if REVOCATION_ACTIVE(A, RE): return BLOCK("Candidate Act revoked") proceed to PHASE_0_AUTHORIZATION ---------------------------------------------------------------------STEP 2 - AUTHORIZE FIRST REAL EFFECTUATION PHASE ---------------------------------------------------------------------function PHASE_0_AUTHORIZATION(): P_0 := PhasePlan[0] verify: P_0 is within Envelope_MAX ExpectedSink[0] is authorized ExpectedDestination[0] is authorized Policy is current Required initial approval is satisfied if validation fails: return BLOCK Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 153] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 create or activate Phase0Authority C_0 bind C_0 to: D_A PhaseID = 0 Scope(P_0) ExpectedSink[0] ExpectedDestination[0] PE RE nonce_0 expiry_0 send: A P_0 C_0 to: FS[0] ---------------------------------------------------------------------STEP 3 - FINALITY SINK VERIFIES PHASE 0 ---------------------------------------------------------------------function FINALITY_SINK_PHASE_0(A, P_0, C_0): verify: AuthorityValid(C_0) MatchAct(C_0, D_A) MatchPhase(C_0, 0) MatchScope(C_0, P_0) MatchSink(C_0, FS[0]) MatchDestination(C_0, ExpectedDestination[0]) Fresh(C_0) NotRevoked(A) if any required check fails: return BLOCK perform REAL EFFECT P_0 IMPORTANT: This is an actual effectuation. It is not merely: simulation dry-run prediction local preview or model-generated expectation. Result_0 := EFFECTUATE(P_0) obtain actual-effect evidence R_0 := GENERATE_EFFECT_RECEIPT( D_A, Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 154] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 PhaseID=0, Result_0, ActualSink, ActualDestination, Observer, TransactionID, DeviceState, nonce_0, counter, PE, timestamp ) send R_0 to Interim Effectuation Validator ---------------------------------------------------------------------STEP 4 - CONSTRUCT INTERIM VALIDATION INPUT RECORD ---------------------------------------------------------------------function BUILD_IVIR(R_i): IVIR_i := { ActDigest PhaseID PhaseAuthorityDigest ExpectedEffect ObservedEffect SinkID DestinationID ObserverID ResourceID TransactionID Nonce Counter PolicyEpoch ResultCode ReceiptDigest Timestamp } = D_A, = i, = HASH(C_i), = ExpectedEffect[i], = EXTRACT_OBSERVED_EFFECT(R_i), = EXTRACT_SINK(R_i), = EXTRACT_DESTINATION(R_i), = EXTRACT_OBSERVER(R_i), = EXTRACT_RESOURCE(R_i), = EXTRACT_TRANSACTION(R_i), = EXTRACT_NONCE(R_i), = EXTRACT_COUNTER(R_i), = EXTRACT_POLICY_EPOCH(R_i), Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 155] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 = EXTRACT_RESULT(R_i), = HASH(R_i), = EXTRACT_TIME(R_i) return IVIR_i ---------------------------------------------------------------------STEP 5 - IEV AUTHENTICATES THE EVIDENCE ---------------------------------------------------------------------function IEV_AUTHENTICATE(IVIR_i, R_i): if NOT VERIFY_RECEIPT_AUTHENTICITY(R_i): return FAIL_INVALID_RECEIPT if IVIR_i.ActDigest != D_A: return FAIL_ACT_SUBSTITUTION if IVIR_i.PhaseID != S_IEV.current_phase: return FAIL_WRONG_PHASE if HASH(R_i) in S_IEV.consumed_receipts: return FAIL_REPLAY if NOT FRESH(R_i): return FAIL_STALE if IVIR_i.PolicyEpoch != CURRENT_POLICY_EPOCH(): return HOLD_POLICY_CHANGED if REVOCATION_ACTIVE(A): return FAIL_REVOKED proceed to IEV_EFFECT_VALIDATION ---------------------------------------------------------------------STEP 6 - IEV INDEPENDENTLY DETERMINES WHERE EFFECT OCCURRED ---------------------------------------------------------------------function IEV_VALIDATE_EFFECT_LOCATION(IVIR_i): if IVIR_i.SinkID != ExpectedSink[i]: return MISALIGNMENT_WRONG_SINK if IVIR_i.DestinationID != ExpectedDestination[i]: return MISALIGNMENT_WRONG_DESTINATION if ResourceBindingRequired: if IVIR_i.ResourceID != ExpectedResource[i]: return MISALIGNMENT_WRONG_RESOURCE if ObserverBindingRequired: if IVIR_i.ObserverID not in AuthorizedObservers[i]: return MISALIGNMENT_INVALID_OBSERVER return LOCATION_VALID ---------------------------------------------------------------------STEP 7 - IEV INDEPENDENTLY COMPARES EXPECTED EFFECT WITH ACTUAL EFFECT ---------------------------------------------------------------------function IEV_COMPARE_EFFECT(IVIR_i): X_i := IVIR_i.ExpectedEffect O_i := IVIR_i.ObservedEffect choose comparison mode CASE EXACT: Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 156] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 if O_i == X_i: return EFFECT_VALID else: return EFFECT_MISALIGNED CASE TOLERANCE: if DISTANCE(O_i, X_i) <= AllowedTolerance[i]: return EFFECT_VALID else: return EFFECT_MISALIGNED CASE RANGE: if LowerBound[i] <= O_i <= UpperBound[i]: return EFFECT_VALID else: return EFFECT_MISALIGNED CASE AUTHORIZED_SET: if O_i in AuthorizedResultSet[i]: return EFFECT_VALID else: return EFFECT_MISALIGNED CASE PREDICATE_SET: for each mandatory predicate p in EffectPredicates[i]: result := p(O_i) if result == FALSE: return EFFECT_MISALIGNED if result == UNKNOWN or INDETERMINATE: return EFFECT_INDETERMINATE return EFFECT_VALID ---------------------------------------------------------------------STEP 8 - IEV CHECKS CURRENT PROTECTED CONDITIONS ---------------------------------------------------------------------function IEV_CHECK_CURRENT_STATE(i): verify: CURRENT_POLICY_EPOCH == S_IEV.policy_epoch OR permitted revalidation completed RevocationClear == TRUE RiskState acceptable TaintState acceptable ProvenanceState acceptable ProposedNextPhase inside Envelope_MAX Current phase == i Required receipt quality satisfied Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 157] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 Required destination state satisfied Required approval state satisfied if any mandatory predicate is FALSE: return FAIL if any mandatory predicate is UNKNOWN or INDETERMINATE: return INDETERMINATE return PASS ---------------------------------------------------------------------STEP 9 - FORM IEV DECISION ---------------------------------------------------------------------function IEV_DECIDE(i, R_i): AuthResult := IEV_AUTHENTICATE(IVIR_i, R_i) LocationResult := IEV_VALIDATE_EFFECT_LOCATION(IVIR_i) EffectResult := IEV_COMPARE_EFFECT(IVIR_i) StateResult := IEV_CHECK_CURRENT_STATE(i) if all required results == PASS or VALID: IEVDecision_i := PASS else if result indicates resolvable evidence uncertainty: IEVDecision_i := RECONCILE else if result indicates potentially recoverable technical error: IEVDecision_i := RETRY_OR_REMEDIATE else if protected policy requires human judgment: IEVDecision_i := HUMAN_REVIEW else if next phase may safely continue at reduced scope: IEVDecision_i := REDUCE_SCOPE else: IEVDecision_i := TERMINATE record IEVDecision_i in protected state proceed according to decision ---------------------------------------------------------------------STEP 10A - PASS PATH Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 158] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 ---------------------------------------------------------------------if IEVDecision_i == PASS: NextPhase := i + 1 verify: P_(i+1) exists P_(i+1) <= Envelope_MAX atomically: mark R_i consumed advance S_IEV.current_phase from i to i+1 create continuation state create CVI_(i+1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------STEP 10B - FORM CONTINUATION VALIDATION INSTRUCTION ---------------------------------------------------------------------CVI_(i+1) := PROTECT_WITH_IEV_KEY({ ActDigest = D_A, PriorPhase = i, NextPhase = i+1, PriorReceipt = HASH(R_i), NextScope = Scope(P_(i+1)), NextSink = ExpectedSink[i+1], NextDestination = ExpectedDestination[i+1], PolicyEpoch = CURRENT_POLICY_EPOCH, IEVCounter = NEXT_COUNTER(), Expiry = expiry_(i+1) }) ---------------------------------------------------------------------OPTIONAL STRONGER CRYPTOGRAPHIC IMPLEMENTATION ---------------------------------------------------------------------K_(i+1) := KDF( K_IEV_ROOT, D_A, HASH(R_i), i+1, ExpectedSink[i+1], IEVCounter ) Without IEV PASS: K_(i+1) does not exist OR K_(i+1) remains sealed OR Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 159] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 IEV key share remains unavailable ---------------------------------------------------------------------OPTIONAL SPLIT-KEY IMPLEMENTATION ---------------------------------------------------------------------K_FINAL_(i+1) := COMBINE( K_FS_(i+1), K_IEV_(i+1) ) Therefore: Finality Sink alone cannot authorize next phase. IEV alone cannot perform next effect. Both protected conditions are required. ---------------------------------------------------------------------STEP 11 - SEND CONTINUATION AUTHORITY TO FINALITY SINK ---------------------------------------------------------------------SEND_TO_FINALITY_SINK( CVI_(i+1), P_(i+1), A ) ---------------------------------------------------------------------STEP 12 - FINALITY SINK VERIFIES IEV OUTPUT ---------------------------------------------------------------------function FS_VERIFY_CVI(CVI_(i+1)): verify: IEV signature/MAC/attestation ActDigest == D_A PriorReceipt == HASH(R_i) NextPhase == i+1 NextScope == requested scope NextSink == this Finality Sink NextDestination == authorized destination PolicyEpoch current Expiry valid CVI not previously consumed if any check fails: BLOCK P_(i+1) else: mark CVI_(i+1) consumed EFFECTUATE P_(i+1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------STEP 13 - GENERATE NEXT RECEIPT ---------------------------------------------------------------------after P_(i+1) occurs: R_(i+1) := GENERATE_EFFECT_RECEIPT(...) send R_(i+1) to IEV repeat validation cycle ---------------------------------------------------------------------GENERAL MULTI-PHASE LOOP Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 160] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 ---------------------------------------------------------------------for i = 0 to n-1: EFFECTUATE P_i R_i := RECEIVE_PROTECTED_EFFECT_EVIDENCE(P_i) IVIR_i := BUILD_IVIR(R_i) Decision := IEV_DECIDE(i, R_i) if Decision == PASS: CVI_(i+1) := ISSUE_PHASE_BOUND_CONTINUATION(R_i) FS_(i+1).VERIFY(CVI_(i+1)) FS_(i+1).EFFECTUATE(P_(i+1)) else if Decision == REDUCE_SCOPE: P_(i+1) := CALCULATE_REDUCED_PHASE() issue restricted CVI_(i+1) continue else if Decision == HUMAN_REVIEW: execute HUMAN_ESCALATION_WORKFLOW() else if Decision == RETRY_OR_REMEDIATE: execute AUTOMATED_ERROR_WORKFLOW() else if Decision == RECONCILE: execute RECONCILIATION_WORKFLOW() else: terminate progression ---------------------------------------------------------------------HUMAN ESCALATION WORKFLOW ---------------------------------------------------------------------function HUMAN_ESCALATION_WORKFLOW(): PER_i := PROTECT({ ActDigest ReceiptDigest ExpectedEffect ObservedEffect Deviation CurrentPhase ProposedNext RiskState PolicyEpoch = D_A, = HASH(R_i), = X_i, = O_i, Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 161] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 = DIFFERENCE(X_i, O_i), = i, = P_(i+1), = CurrentRisk, = CurrentPolicyEpoch }) send PER_i to protected human approval interface HumanDecision := WAIT_FOR_PROTECTED_HUMAN_DECISION() CASE HumanDecision: APPROVE_AS_REQUESTED: H_i := SIGN_PROTECTED_HUMAN_APPROVAL( HASH(PER_i), HASH(R_i), Scope(P_(i+1)) ) send H_i back to IEV IEV revalidates: Human signature Human role Freshness Act binding Receipt binding Scope if valid: issue CVI_(i+1) APPROVE_REDUCED_SCOPE: P_(i+1) := HumanSpecifiedReducedScope verify P_(i+1) <= Envelope_MAX issue restricted CVI_(i+1) RETRY_TRIAL: issue new bounded phase authority with NEW nonce and NEW idempotency identifier ROLLBACK: issue rollback/remediation authority DENY: TERMINATE Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 162] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 ESCALATE_HIGHER: route PER_i to higher protected authority ---------------------------------------------------------------------AUTOMATED ERROR / REMEDIATION WORKFLOW ---------------------------------------------------------------------function AUTOMATED_ERROR_WORKFLOW(): ErrorRecord := { D_A, HASH(R_i), X_i, O_i, ErrorClass, RiskState, PhaseID=i } ProposedAction := AUTOMATED_ERROR_CONTROLLER(ErrorRecord) ProposedAction may be: REQUERY REATTEST RETRY REDUCE_SCOPE ROLLBACK COMPENSATE ALTERNATE_SINK QUARANTINE HUMAN_ESCALATION TERMINATE IMPORTANT: Automated Error Controller does NOT itself receive unrestricted authority to perform the next effect. ProposedAction -> return to IEV -> IEV verifies remediation -> IEV issues bounded RemediationAuthority ---------------------------------------------------------------------RECONCILIATION WORKFLOW ---------------------------------------------------------------------function RECONCILE_PHASE(i): S_IEV.status := RECONCILING obtain evidence from one or more of: Finality Sink Destination Transaction ledger Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 163] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 Database Storage controller Hardware counter Sensor Message identifier Network state Replica Protected journal Idempotency record determine: PROVEN_EFFECTED PROVEN_NOT_EFFECTED PARTIALLY_EFFECTED STILL_INDETERMINATE CASE PROVEN_EFFECTED: reconstruct/recover valid receipt pass recovered receipt through IEV validation DO NOT simply assume continuation CASE PROVEN_NOT_EFFECTED: a new bounded retry may be authorized use: new nonce new authority new idempotency identifier CASE PARTIALLY_EFFECTED: calculate residual state determine: compensation reduced continuation human escalation termination CASE STILL_INDETERMINATE: keep next phase BLOCKED ---------------------------------------------------------------------CRASH AFTER IEV APPROVAL ---------------------------------------------------------------------if IEV issued CVI_(i+1) and Finality Sink has not confirmed consumption: store: CVI_State = ISSUED_NOT_CONFIRMED after restart: query Finality Sink consumption state if PROVEN_NOT_CONSUMED: allow same protected CVI or authorized replacement Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 164] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 if PROVEN_CONSUMED: do NOT issue another equivalent CVI reconcile P_(i+1) if UNKNOWN: enter INDETERMINATE ---------------------------------------------------------------------CRASH AFTER EFFECT BUT BEFORE RECEIPT ---------------------------------------------------------------------if FS performed P_i but R_i was not delivered: DO NOT blindly execute P_i again query using: ActDigest PhaseID nonce transaction ID idempotency identifier protected counter reconcile before retry ---------------------------------------------------------------------REPLAY PROTECTION ---------------------------------------------------------------------before accepting any R_i: if HASH(R_i) in S_IEV.consumed_receipts: REJECT before accepting any CVI_i: if CVI_i previously consumed: REJECT ---------------------------------------------------------------------ANTI-BYPASS RULE ---------------------------------------------------------------------for each ActEquivalentPath capable of P_(i+1): require at least one protected condition controlled by: IEV OR equivalent protected interim validation logic examples: IEV signature IEV key share IEV state bit IEV hardware latch IEV transaction state IEV network permit IEV protected register IEV threshold share Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 165] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 if alternate path can effectuate P_(i+1) without any equivalent condition: architecture is NOT non-bypassable protect, disable, or mediate alternate path ---------------------------------------------------------------------FINAL PHASE ---------------------------------------------------------------------when P_n completes: R_n := obtain final protected evidence IEV verifies R_n if valid: S_IEV.status := FULLY_EFFECTED FinalReceipt := PROTECT({ D_A, HASH(R_0), HASH(R_1), ... HASH(R_n), FinalState, IEVCounter, PolicyEpoch }) store FinalReceipt else: enter failure/reconciliation path 5.0.1 Concrete execution sequence The operational sequence is therefore: Candidate Act -> F S0 -> Real Effect0 -> R0 -> IEV The IEV then performs: Authenticate -> Bind -> Compare -> Evaluate -> Decide If everything matches: IEV -> CV I1 -> F S1 -> Real Effect1 and then: R1 -> IEV -> CV I2 -> F S2 -> Real Effect2 until completion. If misalignment occurs: ⎧HumanReview { {AutomatedRemediation { { Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 166] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 {ReducedScope { Ri -> IEV -> ⎨Reconciliation {Rollback { { {Compensation { {T ermination ⎩ The particularly important technical relationship is: Receipt existence != Continuation authority Instead: Authenticated Receipt + Independent IEV V alidation = Eligibility for N ext P hase and in the stronger implementation: IEV P ASS -> M issing Execution M aterial -> F inality Sink -> N ext Effect This means the IEV is not merely an auditor. It is inside the causal execution path between real effects. Figure 56: Source-derived pseudocode B.4. Appendix A - Mathematical Consistency Notes B.4.1. 1. Phase indexing. Pi is the real effectuation phase whose outcome is described by Ri . The IEV validates Ri before ordinary progression to Pi+1 . B.4.2. 2. Continuation indexing. CV Ii+1 is always the continuation instruction associated with the next phase Pi+1 and is bound to H(Ri ). B.4.3. 3. Expected versus observed effect. Xi is the protected expected result; Oi is the protected observed result. Acceptance may use exact equality, a distance/tolerance function, a range, set membership, or protected predicates. B.4.4. 4. Envelope rule. No successful receipt or IEV decision enlarges the operation beyond EnvelopeMAX unless a new protected authorization explicitly changes that envelope. IEV Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 167] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 B.4.5. 5. Key derivation. Ki+1 is shown as one non-limiting receipt-dependent construction. The essential property is protected dependence on accepted evidence from phase i, not use of a specific KDF. F inal FS IEV B.4.6. 6. Split-key rule. Ki+1 = Combine(Ki+1 , Ki+1 ) is illustrative. Threshold signatures, hardware unsealing, state bits, command authenticators, transaction roles, or equivalent mechanisms may provide the same causal dependence. B.4.7. 7. Human escalation. Human approval does not automatically erase the earlier mismatch. A protected human decision should be bound to the relevant receipt/evidence, deviation, next-phase scope, and act identity. B.4.8. 8. Indeterminate state. Absence of proof of effect is not treated as proof of non-effect. Where effect status is unresolved, the architecture may remain blocked pending reconciliation. * Atomicity. Receipt consumption, phase advancement, and issuance of a next-phase continuation condition should preferably be atomic or protected by equivalent replay-safe state machinery. B.4.9. 10. Non-bypassability. Any act-equivalent path capable of producing the protected next effect should require the IEV-controlled condition or an equivalent protected interim-validation condition where the architecture is intended to be non-bypassable. B.5. Appendix B - Central IEV Relationships The three Parts reduce to the following protected causal relationships: Receipt existence != Continuation authority AuthenticatedReceipti + IndependentIEV V alidationi => EligibilityF or(Pi+1 ) For a cryptographically stronger implementation: IEV P assi -> M issingExecutionM ateriali+1 -> F Si+1 -> Pi+1 For repeated multi-phase operation: Pi -> Ri -> IEVi -> CV Ii+1 -> F Si+1 -> Pi+1 The IEV is therefore positioned inside the causal chain between real effects rather than functioning merely as a post-event auditor. Figure 57 Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 168] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 Appendix C. Source-Derived Software, VM, OS, Mobile, and Application Catalogue This appendix is a detailed source-derived technical annex based on the corresponding uploaded document. It is non-normative unless a main-body conformance profile explicitly incorporates a requirement. Terminology such as "implementation pattern" is used in headings where the source used patent-oriented drafting terminology; technical substance is retained. MOBILE-PLATFORM, AND APPLICATION EMBODIMENTS Platform-Neutral Protected Inter-Phase Validation with Validator-Substitution Invariance October 2026 C.1. 1. Purpose and Scope This section describes non-limiting implementations of an Interim Effectuation Validator (IEV) in software, virtualized computing, operating-system, mobile-platform, desktop, application, backend, and mixed local/remote environments. The IEV is not limited to a dedicated hardware block. It may be realized as an isolated virtual machine, microVM, privileged process, daemon, system service, protected application service, trusted execution component, remote service, distributed validator set, or other protected software component. The functional invariant is preserved regardless of the validator's physical or software placement: Ei -> Ri -> Vi -> Gammai+1 -> F Si+1 -> Ei+1 where an earlier real effect produces protected evidence, the evidence is independently validated, and a subsequent real effect is made dependent on a protected continuation condition. The IEV may be used with communications, payments, file transfer, storage, database transactions, API calls, AI-agent tool use, model-state mutation, GPU or accelerator egress, cloud deployment, software update, telecommunications, physical actuation, robotics, vehicles, industrial control, or other consequential operations. C.2. 2. Formal Notation The following notation is used consistently throughout this embodiment. Symbol Meaning A Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 169] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 Candidate Act or proposed consequential operation canonical digest or protected binding of A current phase index authorized phase specification for phase i actual real effect produced for phase i protected effect evidence or receipt for Ei expected effect or expected effect properties for phase i DA i Pi Ei Ri Xi Symbol Meaning Oi observed effect or observed effect properties derived from Ri IEV validation function applied to phase i protected IEV state associated with phase i Finality Sink controlling phase i initial or phase- specific authority enabling phase Vi SiIEV F Si Ci i CV Ii+1 Continuation Validation Instruction associated with phase i + 1 generic protected continuation condition for phase i + 1 optional receipt-dependent execution material or phase key policy epoch or protected policy state revocation epoch or protected revocation state monotonic counter or protected sequence value permitted numerical or semantic tolerance authorized result set set of permissible IEV implementations one concrete IEV implementation Gammai+1 Ki+1 pi ri ci epsiloni Ai V v in V The generic continuation condition Gammai+1 may be realized as a signed instruction, MAC, protected state transition, key, key share, hardware latch, database state, secure mailbox record, kernel state, transaction state, credential state, or equivalent non-bypassable condition. C.3. 3. Canonical Functional Sequence For any supported software implementation, the preferred sequence is: A -> F Si -> Ei -> Ri -> Vi (Ri , SiIEV ) -> Gammai+1 -> F Si+1 -> Ei+1 . A more explicit form is: Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 170] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 DA = H(Canon(A)), Ei = Effectuate(F Si , Pi , Ci ), Ri = Observe(Ei ), deltai = Vi (Ri , SiIEV ), Gammai+1 = EstablishContinuation(deltai , Ri , DA , Pi+1 ), Ei+1 = Effectuate(F Si+1 , Pi+1 , Gammai+1 ). Ordinary continuation is permitted only when the required validation outcome is satisfied. Figure 58 C.4. 4. IEV Decision Function A non-limiting validation predicate is: Passi = AuthValid(Ri ) AND ActMatch(Ri , DA ) Figure 59 AND PhaseMatch(Ri , i) AND SinkMatch(Ri , F Si ) AND DestinationMatch(Ri ) AND Fresh(Ri ) AND ¬ Consumed(Ri ) AND EffectAcceptable(Oi , Xi ) AND PolicyCurrent(pi ) AND RevocationClear(ri ) AND WithinEnvelope(Pi+1 ). The validator may return more than a binary result: deltai in {PASS, FAIL, HOLD, RECONCILE, REDUCE, REMEDIATE, ESCALATE, TERMINATE}. C.5. 5. Effect Comparison Models The IEV may evaluate expected and observed effects using one or more of the following. C.6. 5.1 Exact equality Oi = Xi . C.7. 5.2 Tolerance d(Oi , Xi ) <= epsiloni . For a scalar quantity: |Oi - Xi | <= epsiloni . C.8. 5.3 Range Li <= Oi <= Ui . C.9. 5.4 Authorized result set Oi in Ai . C.10. 5.5 Predicate set m Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 171] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 AND_ALL Qi,k (Oi ) = true. k=1 Different predicates may be used for recipient identity, payment state, route, device state, sensor response, storage persistence, transaction state, model-state mutation, or other properties. C.11. 6. Software IEV Protection Requirements A software IEV is preferably separated from the proposing application such that the proposing component cannot arbitrarily: * write SiIEV ; * create an accepted receipt; Isolation may be implemented by process privilege, VM separation, memory protection, access control, mandatory access control, sandboxing, hypervisor isolation, hardware-backed keys, TEE execution, cryptographic authentication, remote validation, or combinations thereof. * set deltai = PASS; * increment the protected phase counter; * mark Ri as consumed; * synthesize a valid CV Ii+1 ; * derive or obtain Ki+1 ; * clear revocation state; * rewrite an expected destination or scope; or * bypass the Finality Sink. C.12. 7. Generic Software State A protected validator state may be represented as: SiIEV = (DA , i, Emax , Xi , F Si , Desti , pi , ri , ci , Ci , Riski , T ainti , P rovi ) , where Ci includes receipt and continuation- consumption state. The app may receive a read-only projection: Piapp (SiIEV ), without gaining write authority over protected continuation state. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 172] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 C.13. 8. Continuation Validation Instruction A software CVI may be constructed as: CV Ii+1 = ProtectKIEV (DA ∥ H(Ri ) ∥ (i + 1) ∥ Scopei+1 ∥ F Si+1 ∥ Desti+1 ∥ pi ∥ ri ∥ ci+1 ∥ Expiryi+1 ). The protected operation may be a signature, MAC, authenticated encryption, protected database transition, kernel state transition, secure mailbox write, threshold signature, hardware-backed signature, or equivalent authenticated mechanism. Figure 60 C.14. 9. Tokenless Continuation An explicit transferable token is not required. The IEV may atomically establish: Statecont i+1 = VALID. The Finality Sink then requires: Statecont i+1 = VALID before the next effect can occur. This state may reside in protected shared memory, kernel state, a database record, transaction engine, daemon memory, secure registry, hypervisor state, remote service state, or other protected state. C.15. 10. Receipt-Derived Execution Material A stronger construction makes the next phase cryptographically incomplete without successful validation: IEV Ki+1 = KDF (Kroot , DA , H(Ri ), i + 1, F Si+1 , ci+1 ) . Figure 61 If Passi = false, then Ki+1 may remain unavailable, sealed, incomplete, or ungenerated. Figure 62 C.16. 11. Isolated Virtual Machine Embodiment An application or AI agent may execute in: V MA , while the IEV executes in: V MIEV . The Finality Sink may execute in a host process, hypervisor service, separate VM, or privileged broker. A non-limiting topology is: host . V MA -> F Sihost -> Ei -> Ri -> V MIEV -> Gammai+1 -> F Si+1 The application VM is not provided with sufficient host privilege, credential material, or protected state access to synthesize Gammai+1 . Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 173] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 C.17. 12. VM Network Embodiment The application VM may have only mediated egress: V MA -> vN IC -> N etworkF S -> N etwork. A first real bounded effect may be a challenge, trailer, limited payload, connection setup, bounded API call, or endpoint probe. The resulting remote evidence returns to V MIEV . Broader transmission is enabled only after validated continuation. C.18. 13. VM Storage Embodiment A VM may write to a provisional storage layer: W ritestaged -> Ristorage -> IEV -> Gammapromote -> StorageF S -> W riteauthoritative . Thus a VM-visible write need not immediately become authoritative or externally visible. C.19. 14. MicroVM Embodiment An AI agent may run in a microVM with a narrow host interface. The microVM may expose only a SUBMIT_CANDIDATE function, while host-side protected logic exclusively exposes SET_VALIDATED_CONTINUATION to the IEV. The microVM may therefore request an act without being able to advance protected phase state. C.20. 15. Linux Process-Separated Embodiment A Linux deployment may include: The sequence is: * agentd: proposal/agent process; * effect-broker: Finality Sink; * effect-observer: receipt source; * ievd: Interim Effectuation Validator; * policyd: protected policy service; * credentiald: protected credential/key broker. agentd -> effect-broker -> Ei , Ei -> effect-observer -> Ri -> ievd, ievd -> Gammai+1 -> effect-broker. The agent process and IEV daemon may run under different identities and different mandatory- accesscontrol domains. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 174] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 C.21. 16. Linux Namespace and Container Embodiment The agent and IEV may occupy different user, PID, mount, network, or cgroup domains. The IEV may also be outside the agent container entirely. A container boundary is not relied upon solely as the invention; it is one means of implementing protected separation between the proposer and the validator. C.22. 17. Linux Kernel/LSM/eBPF-Adjacent Embodiment One or more Linux enforcement points may prevent the agent from using effect-capable paths outside the Finality Sink. For example: Agent -> LSM /eBP F /KernelGate -> EffectBroker. An IEV may establish a protected state consumed by the broker or kernel-adjacent enforcement component. The IEV itself may remain a user-space daemon, privileged service, VM, or remote service. C.23. 18. Linux Credential Broker The full credential need not enter agent memory: Kfull not-in M emory(Agent). After a validated first effect: Ri -> IEV -> Gammai+1 -> credentiald, and the credential broker either performs or authorizes only the scoped subsequent act. C.24. 19. Android System-Service Embodiment An Android implementation may place the proposing application in its ordinary application sandbox while the IEV resides in a separate process, isolated service, privileged service, OEM system service, native daemon, secure-world component, or remote service. A representative sequence is: App -> Binder/SystemF S -> Ei -> Ri -> IEV Service -> Gammai+1 -> SystemF S. The proposing app cannot directly write the IEV decision state. C.25. 20. Android Protected Binder Interface The IEV service may expose narrowly defined operations such as: It need not expose an app-callable setPass function. A Binder request may be accepted only if: * submitEvidence; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 175] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * requestContinuation; * queryDecision. CallerU ID in AuthorizedU IDs and required act/phase/nonces are valid. C.26. 21. Android Hardware-Backed Key Embodiment The IEV may authenticate a continuation instruction using a hardware- backed validator key: CV Ii+1 = SignKIEV (DA , H(Ri ), i + 1, Scopei+1 , Expiryi+1 ) . The security hardware need not implement the entire IEV policy. It may protect the key used to prove that an authorized IEV instance produced the continuation decision. Figure 63 C.27. 22. Android TEE Embodiment Some or all validation may run in a trusted execution environment. The normal-world process supplies an authenticated validation input, and trusted-world logic evaluates: deltai = Vi (Ri , SiIEV ). On PASS, the protected component may sign a CVI, unseal a key, advance a counter, or set protected continuation state. C.28. 23. Android App-Only / Backend Embodiment No OEM modification is required in another embodiment. An ordinary Android application may use a server-side Finality Sink and remote IEV: AndroidApp -> BackendF Si -> Ei -> Ri -> RemoteIEV -> Gammai+1 -> BackendF Si+1 . This preserves the IEV functional sequence even though the validator is remote rather than deviceresident. An iOS or iPadOS application may use a local helper or extension where permitted, a Secure-Enclaveassisted key, app-integrity evidence, a remote IEV, or combinations thereof. The strongest commercial implementation may place the effect-controlling Finality Sink and IEV on a backend service while the sandboxed app remains the proposal interface. A representative sequence is: * iOS / iPadOS Embodiment iOSApp -> BackendF Si -> Ei -> Ri -> RemoteIEV -> Gammai+1 -> BackendF Si+1 . Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 176] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 25. iOS Secure-Key-Assisted IEV A protected device key may authenticate locally generated validation evidence or continuation state: CV Ii+1 = SignKsecure (DA , H(Ri ), i + 1, Scopei+1 ). The key protection mechanism may be local while the policy engine remains remote. Figure 64 An application may separate the agent, validator, and effect broker into distinct application components or services: * macOS Helper / XPC Embodiment AgentApp -> EffectHelper -> Ei -> Ri -> IEV Service -> Gammai+1 -> EffectHelper. The helper may hold privileges not granted to the agent process. C.29. 27. Windows Service Embodiment A Windows deployment may use a restricted application or AppContainer for the proposer and a separate broker service for actual effects. RestrictedApp -> BrokerF Si -> Ei -> Ri -> IEV Service -> Gammai+1 -> BrokerF Si+1 . The restricted application need not possess the broker's full credential or device privilege. C.30. 28. Windows VBS-Enclave-Assisted Embodiment Sensitive IEV keys, counters, receipt-chain roots, or critical predicates may be placed in a VBSprotected enclave or comparable protected environment. The host IEV may call protected enclave logic to establish: Gammai+1 only after required predicates are satisfied. C.31. 29. Ordinary Desktop Application Embodiment An implementation need not use kernel modification, TEE, or virtualization. A conventional application suite may separate: OS identities and access-control lists may be sufficient for a lower- assurance commercial deployment, while the same functional sequence is retained. * frontend; * AI/agent process; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 177] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * effect broker; * IEV service; * receipt store. C.32. 30. Same-Process Lower-Assurance Embodiment The IEV may be a module in the same process as the agent in a lower- assurance implementation: Application = {AgentM odule, IEV M odule, EffectM odule}. Logical protection may be provided using cryptographic state, memory-safe encapsulation, internal capabilities, type-level state machines, or signed internal transitions. This embodiment has weaker isolation but does not alter the functional ordering. C.33. 31. Local-Plus-Remote Validator A system may combine: IEVlocal and: IEVremote . High-consequence continuation may require: P asslocal AND P assremote . Lower-consequence continuation may require only one validator according to policy. C.34. 32. Application Backend Finality A client application may never possess final authority. The authoritative state may exist only on a backend. For example: Client -> CandidateRequest -> BackendF Si -> Ei -> Ri -> BackendIEV . This is especially useful for mobile apps, browser apps, SaaS products, and managed enterprise clients. C.35. 33. SEND / Communication Example Assume an application intends to send full payload M to recipient A. The first phase sends a real bounded trailer: P0 = Send(T railerA ). A recipient-side or service-side observer produces: R0 = (RecipientID, EndpointID, Binding, DeliveryState, N once, T imestamp). The IEV checks, for example: Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 178] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 RecipientID(R0 ) = A and: Binding(R0 ) = H(M ). If valid: Figure 65 IEV -> CV ISEND -> F SSEND -> Send(M ). If the observed recipient is B != A: Figure 66 RecipientID(R0 ) = B != A, then ordinary full-message continuation is withheld. Figure 67 C.36. 34. Payment Example For a proposed payment: A = Pay(P ayer, Beneficiary, Amount, Currency), a first real bounded phase may be a hold, beneficiary verification transfer, limited authorization, or reserved transaction. The receipt may be validated using: Beneficiary(R0 ) = BeneficiaryA , Currency(R0 ) = CurrencyA , State(R0 ) in Apayment . Only then may broader capture or settlement become eligible. C.37. 35. File / Data Release Example A file-release system may first transmit a manifest, ciphertext fragment, trailer, or bounded file portion. E0 = Release(BoundedObject). The remote system returns evidence of tenant, storage account, destination, object identifier, digest, or persistence state. After IEV validation: Gamma1 = CV IF ILE may enable the remaining chunks, promotion, share capability, or decryption key. C.38. 36. AI Tool-Use Example An AI agent proposes a tool invocation: A = ToolCall(T ool, Args, Destination). A first bounded tool effect occurs under a Finality Sink. The effect evidence is evaluated independently of the model's textual assertion of success. Thus: Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 179] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 M odelSaysSuccess ⇏ IEV P ass. Only protected evidence can satisfy required continuation predicates. C.39. 37. GPU / Accelerator Example An accelerator may complete computation without automatically authorizing data egress. Computei -> Ridevice -> IEV -> Gammaegress -> EgressF S. Evidence may bind workload digest, device identity, firmware state, memory region, DMA destination, or output digest. C.40. 38. Database / Storage Example A provisional database state may be created first: P rovisionalCommiti -> Ridb -> IEV -> P romotionP ermiti+1 -> DBF S -> AuthoritativeCommit. The same sequence applies if the validator is implemented in a database service, host daemon, VM, remote policy service, or enclave. C.41. 39. Software / Firmware Rollout Example A bounded canary activation may produce: Ei = CanaryActivation. Health, integrity, compatibility, and error evidence form Ri . Then: Ri -> IEV -> RolloutP ermiti+1 -> U pdateF S. C.42. 40. Human Escalation in Software If the IEV identifies a mismatch, a protected UI may display the expected and observed states. The resulting human decision is returned to the IEV: HumanDecisioni -> IEV -> Gammai+1 . Human approval does not need to operate as direct unrestricted execution authority. C.43. 41. Fully Automatic Remediation A mismatch may instead cause: IEV -> AutomatedRemediation -> RemediationP roposal -> IEV . The IEV may then establish only a bounded remediation condition. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 180] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 C.44. 42. Process Crash and Recovery If a CVI is issued but consumption is unknown: CV IState = ISSU ED_N OT _CON F IRM ED. After restart the system determines whether it is: P ROV EN _N OT _CON SU M ED, P ROV EN _CON SU M ED, U N KN OW N . An unknown state does not automatically authorize reissuance. C.45. 43. Effect Occurred but Receipt Missing If Ei occurred but Ri was not delivered, the software system does not blindly repeat Ei . Instead it reconciles using one or more of: (DA , i, N once, T ransactionID, IdempotencyID, ci ). C.46. 44. Anti-Bypass Requirement For each act-equivalent path q : EffectCapable(q) => RequireProtectedContinuation(q) or the path is disabled or rendered unable to complete the relevant effect. Potential bypasses include alternate sockets, API clients, credentials, filesystem paths, database roles, debug interfaces, subprocesses, privileged helpers, device handles, or alternate IPC routes. C.47. 45. Validator-Substitution Invariance C.48. 45.1 Core principle The identity, process type, operating system, virtualization technology, or physical location of the IEV does not define the functional sequence. Let: V = {V M , M icroV M , LinuxDaemon, AndroidService, iOSLocalHelper, RemoteIEV , W indowsService, E For each concrete implementation: v in V, define its validator function as: (v) (v) Vi (Ri , Si ). The implementation is functionally conforming when it preserves the required interface contract: C = {InputEvidence, P rotectedV alidation, Decision, P rotectedContinuationOutput}. The canonical sequence is therefore invariant under validator substitution: (v) Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 181] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 Ei -> Ri -> Vi (v) -> Gammai+1 -> F Si+1 -> Ei+1 , ∀v in V. C.49. 45.2 Functional equivalence relation Two validator implementations va and vb are functionally equivalent for the disclosed inter-phase role when: va ∼F vb if both satisfy: ValidInputContract(v), ProtectedDecisionState(v), BoundContinuation(v), and: NoOrdinaryNextEffectWithoutContinuation(v). Accordingly: ChangeV alidatorImplementation ⇏ ChangeF unctionalSequence. C.50. 46. Validator Substitution Example - Linux Daemon to Isolated VM Implementation A: Ei -> Ri -> LinuxDaemonIEV -> CV Ii+1 -> F Si+1 . Implementation B: Ei -> Ri -> V MIEV -> CV Ii+1 -> F Si+1 . The isolation boundary changes, but the causal relationship does not: Ri ≺ IEV P assi ≺ Gammai+1 ≺ Ei+1 , where ≺ denotes required causal precedence. C.51. 47. Validator Substitution Example - Android Local Service to Remote IEV Local Android realization: Ei -> Ri -> AndroidIEV Service -> Gammai+1 -> SystemF S. Remote realization: Ei -> Ri -> RemoteIEV -> SignedCV Ii+1 -> BackendF S. The communication transport and trust boundary differ, but the required sequence remains: Effect -> Evidence -> IndependentV alidation -> P rotectedContinuation -> N extEffect. C.52. 48. Validator Substitution Example - Windows Service to VBSAssisted Validator Software service: Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 182] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 Ri -> W indowsIEV Service -> CV Ii+1 . VBS-assisted implementation: Ri -> HostIEV -> V BSP rotectedLogic -> CV Ii+1 . Moving key material or critical predicates into a protected enclave increases assurance but does not alter phase semantics. C.53. 49. Validator Substitution Example - iOS Local/Remote Mix One implementation may use a local device component to authenticate device-side state and a remote validator to make the continuation decision: Ri -> LocalAttestation -> RemoteIEV -> Gammai+1 . Another implementation may place all validation remotely: Ri -> RemoteIEV -> Gammai+1 . Both preserve the inter-phase dependency when the Finality Sink still requires Gammai+1 . C.54. 50. Validator Substitution Example - Same Process to Separate Process Lower-assurance realization: AppP rocess ∶ Ri -> IEV M odule -> Statecont i+1 . Higher-assurance realization: AppP rocess -> Ri -> IEV P rocess -> AuthenticatedCV Ii+1 . The implementation changes from intra-process isolation to inter-process isolation, but the required logical order remains unchanged. C.55. 51. Validator Substitution Example - Single IEV to Threshold IEV Single validator: P assi = Vi (Ri , SiIEV ). Threshold realization: n (j) SUM 1[P assi = true] >= m. j=1 Figure 68 Only after the threshold rule is met is Gammai+1 established. Again: Ei -> Ri -> V alidation -> Gammai+1 -> Ei+1 is unchanged. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 183] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 C.56. 52. Validator Substitution Example - Token to Protected State Implementation A uses an explicit CVI: Ri -> IEV -> CV Ii+1 -> F Si+1 . Implementation B uses no transferable object: Ri -> IEV -> Statecont i+1 = V ALID -> F Si+1 . Therefore the continuation representation may change without changing the functional sequence. Figure 69 C.57. 53. Validator Substitution Example - Software Key to Hardware Latch Software realization: Gammai+1 = CV Ii+1 . Hardware-assisted realization: Gammai+1 = LIEV = P ASSi . The Finality Sink may require: Enablei+1 = F SV alidi+1 AND (LIEV = P ASSi ). The continuation mechanism changes, while the protected dependency remains. Figure 70 C.58. 54. Implementation Independence Statement The disclosed architecture therefore distinguishes functional role from implementation location. The following are implementation choices: The functional role is instead characterized by: * process or VM boundary; * operating system; * local or remote execution; * hardware-backed or software-only cryptography; * token or tokenless continuation; * single or distributed validator; * application-owned or platform-owned service. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 184] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 ObservedP riorEffect -> P rotectedIndependentV alidation -> T echnicallyRequiredN extP haseCondition C.59. 55. Platform-Independent Enhanced Embodiment A preferred implementation includes: 10. replay protection; 11. indeterminate-state reconciliation; * an act-generating application or AI agent in a first protection domain; * a Finality Sink outside unrestricted control of the act-generating component; * a first real bounded effect; * a protected evidence path from an observer to an IEV; * protected validator state not arbitrarily writable by the proposer; * validation of actual effect evidence against expected effect conditions; * generation or establishment of a continuation condition bound to the prior effect evidence; * effectuation-time verification by the next Finality Sink; * prevention of the next effect in the absence of the continuation condition; * policy and revocation revalidation; * optional human, automatic, or hybrid remediation; and * anti-bypass enforcement across act-equivalent paths. C.60. 56. Mathematical Platform-Neutral Invariant For any conforming implementation v in V, define: (v) deltai (v) (v) Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 185] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 = Vi (Ri , Si ). Define continuation establishment as: (v) (v) Gammai+1 = G(v) (deltai , DA , H(Ri ), Pi+1 , pi , ri ) . Figure 71 The next effect is permitted only when: (v) Enable (v) (Ei+1 ) = ContinuationValid(Gammai+1 ) AND PolicyCurrent(pi ) AND RevocationClear(ri ) AND DestinationValid(Desti+1 ) AND ScopeAuthorized(Pi+1 ). Figure 72 Thus the architecture is invariant to validator realization when these logical conditions remain enforced. C.61. 57. Final Technical Statement The IEV is not defined by whether it is a Linux daemon, Android service, iOS-associated service, Windows service, isolated VM, enclave, microVM, cloud service, application module, or distributed validator set. It is defined functionally by the protected causal relationship between an earlier real effect and authority for a later real effect. V alidatorLocation != V alidatorF unction. ChangeOfV alidator != ChangeOfF unctionalSequence. The operative invariant is: Ei -> Ri -> IEVi -> Gammai+1 -> F Si+1 -> Ei+1 . Accordingly, replacing one conforming validator implementation with another changes the deployment topology, assurance boundary, transport, or platform integration, but does not change the disclosed inter-phase effectuation sequence so long as the next consequential effect remains technically dependent on protected validation of the earlier real effect. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 186] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 Appendix D. Source-Derived Taint, Boundary Surrogation, and Privilege- Separation Catalogue This appendix is a detailed source-derived technical annex based on the corresponding uploaded document. It is non-normative unless a main-body conformance profile explicitly incorporates a requirement. Terminology such as "implementation pattern" is used in headings where the source used patent-oriented drafting terminology; technical substance is retained. TAINT-AWARE BOUNDARY CREDENTIAL SURROGATION, PRIVILEGE-SEPARATED EFFECTUATION, AND IEV-GATED PROGRESSIVE EFFECTUATION Non-Limiting Software, OS, VM, Connector, Browser, Credential-Broker and Interim Effectuation Validator Embodiment October 1, 2026 D.1. 1. Purpose and Scope This embodiment describes a layered execution-control architecture in which an act-generating component including an AI agent, application, workflow engine, browser-driving process, tool-use system, or autonomous software component - may possess extensive computational capability while lacking unrestricted authority to cause consequential external effects. The architecture may combine, in any compatible arrangement: The central functional sequence is: * isolation of the act-generating domain; * semantic, process, context, provenance, or information-flow taint; * protected process and request attribution; * restriction of direct effect-capable interfaces; * surrogate, reference, handle, or non-exportable credential representations inside the lower-trust domain; * protected substitution, exchange, activation, or use of the actual credential only at an effectuation boundary; * privilege-separated connector workers; * destination and route verification; * independent safety or risk classifiers; * a first real bounded effect; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 187] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * protected evidence of what actually occurred; * independent Interim Effectuation Validator (IEV) evaluation of the resulting evidence; * protected continuation authority for a subsequent phase; and * effectuation-time revalidation at a Finality Sink. Ai -> OriginAttributioni -> TaintEvaluationi -> ProtectedPolicyi -> BoundaryCredentialResolutioni -> FSi -> Ei -> Ri -> IEVi -> Gamma i+1 -> EffectuationTimeRevalidationi+1 -> FSi+1 -> Ei+1 . The sequence is non-limiting. Compatible implementations may combine steps, distribute steps across components, or realize a protected continuation condition without an explicit transferable token. D.2. 2. Formal Notation Symbol Meaning Ai Candidate Act or requested consequential operation for phase i canonical or otherwise protected digest/binding of the Candidate Act act-originating or lower-trust execution domain protected execution/ control domain Finality Sink controlling whether phase i becomes effective actual real effect of phase i protected effect evidence or receipt corresponding to DA DA DP FSi Ei Ri Ei IEVi i and i + 1 protected IEV state at phase i taint state associated with object, process, context, request, or act x set of supported taint states surrogate credential, credential handle, alias, or non- authoritative credential reference SIEV i tau(x) T sigmai Kireal Figure 73 Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 188] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 actual effect-capable credential or protected secret material generic protected continuation condition for phase Gamma i+1 i+1 CVIi+1 one implementation of Gamma i+1 as a Continuation Validation Instruction expected effect for phase i observed effect for phase i permitted tolerance for a comparison authorized set of acceptable observed results policy state or policy epoch revocation state or revocation epoch protected counter provenance state or digest protected effectuation boundary used for phase i an alternative act- equivalent effect-capable path Xi Oi epsiloni Ai pi ri Ctri Provi Bi q A taint-state set may, for example, be: T = {CLEAN, TAINTED, UNVERIFIABLE}. The particular names, cardinality, and ordering of taint states are non-limiting. D.3. 3. Act-Originating Domain and Protected Domain The Candidate Act may originate from an AI agent, application, model process, browser automation component, code-generation system, tool- use agent, subagent, containerized workload, virtual machine, mobile app, desktop app, or remote service. The act-originating component may execute in: DA , while protected effectuation, credential, policy, and validation services may execute in: DP . A preferred relationship is: DA != DP . The separation may be implemented using a separate process, operating-system identity, container, namespace, microVM, virtual machine, hypervisor partition, trusted execution environment, system service, security processor, DPU, SmartNIC, secure gateway, remote service, or another protected domain. The architecture distinguishes: ProposalAuthority != EffectuationAuthority . The act- generating component may construct a request without possessing the material or protected state required to complete the effect. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 189] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 D.4. 4. Taint Classification A process, data object, context unit, tool result, request, Candidate Act, or resource may carry a taint state: tau(x) in T . Taint may represent, without limitation: Taint may be semantic rather than purely byte-level. A summary, embedding, transformed object, retrieved memory item, or derived instruction may remain tainted even where the original bytes are not retained. * exposure to untrusted external content; * private or regulated information; * prompt-injection-capable material; * sensitive credentials or secrets; * downloaded content; * unknown or conflicting provenance; * tool output; * user-private context; * compromised or unverified execution state; * risk-relevant behavioral history. D.5. 5. Taint Propagation A taint state may propagate across process, data, tool, memory, connector, network, or Candidate-Act boundaries. An illustrative propagation rule is: tauout = Join 􏿴tauprocess , tauinput1 , ... , tauinputn 􏿷 . For a downstream Candidate Act: tau(Ai+1 ) = Propagate 􏿴tau(Ai ), tau(Context), tau(ToolOutputs), tau(Provi )􏿷 . Figure 74 Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 190] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 A fail-safe rule may provide: UnableToValidateTaint ⇏ CLEAN. Instead: UnableToValidateTaint => UNVERIFIABLE. An unverifiable state may result in denial, reduced scope, re-attestation, human review, additional validation, quarantine, or a bounded diagnostic phase. D.6. 6. Taint Representation Taint may be represented using any compatible machine-verifiable mechanism, including: The embodiment is not limited to Linux, eBPF, LSM, or any particular implementation. * process metadata; * context metadata; * kernel labels; * LSM labels; * cgroup state; * security contexts; * protected tags; * cryptographic tags; * provenance graphs; * signed labels; * database metadata; * policy-engine state; * secure runtime state; * hypervisor metadata; * remote attestation state. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 191] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 D.7. 7. Protected Origin Attribution A protected enforcement component may determine which process, workload, task, agent, subagent, VM, container, user, session, or execution context caused a request. Let: Origin(Q) represent the protected origin attribution of request Q. Attribution may derive from: * process credentials; * UID/GID; * peer credentials; * cgroup membership; * namespace identity; * executable measurement; * code signature; * VM identity; * container identity; * attestation; * authenticated IPC; * cryptographic session identity. The protected policy may then evaluate: F􏿴 Origin(Q), tau(Origin(Q)), Destination, Scope, Policy􏿷. D.8. 8. Taint-Dependent Policy A protected policy may differentiate clean, tainted, and unverifiable states. For example: AutoAllowi = Cleani AND NarrowPolicyMatchi AND DestinationValidi AND ScopeValidi . A tainted request may satisfy: TAINTED => ¬ AutoAllow . An unverifiable request may similarly satisfy: UNVERIFIABLE => ¬ AutoAllow . The protected decision may be selected from, for example: Figure 75 {ALLOW, DENY, ASK, BOUNDED_TRIAL, REDUCE_SCOPE, RECONCILE}. D.9. 9. Surrogate Credential Concept The lower-trust domain may possess a surrogate credential or credential reference: Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 192] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 sigmai . The surrogate may have the syntax or appearance of a token, key, session object, handle, cookie, credential alias, certificate reference, account reference, key slot, or credential object without granting unrestricted authority by possession alone. The actual effect-capable credential is denoted: Kireal . A preferred relationship is: sigmai != Kireal . The actual credential may be absent from the memory of the act-generating component: Figure 76 Kireal not-in Memory(DA ). D.10. 10. Surrogate Scope and Binding A surrogate may be bound to one or more of: sigmai = Bind(Principal, Service, CredentialClass, Session, Scope, Expiry, Nonce, Phase). The surrogate may be single-use, session- scoped, task-scoped, destination-scoped, service-scoped, phase- scoped, act-scoped, time-limited, non-bearer, or otherwise restricted. The surrogate need not contain a recoverable representation of the real credential. D.11. 11. Protected Credential Authority The actual credential may be maintained by a protected credential authority implemented as a credential daemon, HSM, TEE, secure enclave, separate process, separate VM, remote secret manager, operating-system key store, payment key service, cloud key service, security processor, or other protected component. A protected credential authority may expose operations such as: * resolve handle; * sign request; * insert credential; * unwrap phase key; * generate bounded authorization; * perform cryptographic operation; * release a one-time credential; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 193] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * or use a credential without exporting it. D.12. 12. Boundary Credential Substitution or Resolution At a protected boundary Bi , the system may detect a surrogate or credential reference and, only after required checks, resolve: sigmai ⟼ Kireal . Equivalent terminology may include boundary credential substitution, boundary swap, late credential binding, just-in-time credential resolution, surrogate redemption, protected credential insertion, credential materialization, or protected credential activation. The act-generating component need not observe Kireal . D.13. 13. Boundary Swap Predicate For an initial phase, an illustrative boundary condition is: SwapAllowedi = SurrogateValid(sigmai ) Figure 77 AND OriginAuthorizedi AND PolicyCurrenti AND TaintPermittedi AND DestinationValidi AND ScopeValidi . For a subsequent IEV-gated phase: SwapAllowedi+1 = SurrogateValid(sigmai+1 ) Figure 78 AND ContinuationValid(Gamma i+1 ) AND PolicyCurrenti+1 AND RevocationCleari+1 AND DestinationCurrenti+1 AND TaintAcceptablei+1 . D.14. 14. Credential Is Not Returned to the Agent A protected boundary may: * receive an outbound request containing or referencing sigmai ; * authenticate the originating process; * evaluate taint and protected policy; 6. transmit the request; At no stage need the real credential be returned to the act- generating component. * obtain or use Kireal internally; * construct or modify the concrete outbound request; * erase transient credential material where applicable; and Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 194] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * generate protected evidence of the resulting effect. D.15. 15. Finality Sink Incorporating Credential Resolution A boundary performing protected credential resolution may constitute all or part of a Finality Sink: FSi = {Policy, Boundary, CredentialResolution, RequestVerif ication, Ef f ectGate}. The ability to resolve sigmai into effect-capable use of Kireal may itself be protected execution material without which the effect cannot be completed. Figure 79 D.16. 16. Privilege-Separated Connector Execution Connector logic may be divided into a lower-trust stub and a protected worker: Agent -> ConnectorStub -> ProtectedIPC -> Workerj . The stub may parse typed arguments and provide them to the worker. The worker may alone possess authority to interact with external APIs, payment systems, databases, privileged files, cloud services, network destinations, or devices. Worker-specific authority may satisfy: Credentials(Wj ) subset-or-equal AllowedCredentialSetj . For different workers: Credentials(Wa ) ∩ Credentials(Wb ) = ∅ where separation is desired. D.17. 17. Three Distinct Security Functions In one embodiment, three functions are logically distinguished: D.18. 1. Privilege placement - where effect-capable code executes. These functions may be physically separate or combined while maintaining logically distinct protected state. * Credential authority - which protected credential or credential class may be used. * Effectuation authority - whether the concrete consequential operation may become effective. D.19. 18. Network Boundary The lower-trust execution domain may lack unrestricted network egress. Traffic may be forced through: Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 195] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 DA -> NetworkFS -> ExternalNetwork. The network Finality Sink may evaluate: * hostname; A protected rule may require both logical and resolved destination checks: HostnameAllowed AND ResolvedDestinationAllowed . * resolved destination; * port and protocol; * HTTP method and path; * request-body digest; * headers; * recipient identity; * credential class; * process origin; * taint state; * purpose; * policy; * continuation state. D.20. 19. Browser Broker A browser used by an agent may be controlled through a broker outside unrestricted control of the agent. The broker may restrict raw browser-process access, debugging interfaces, unrestricted JavaScript execution, direct credential extraction, raw DOM operations, or other privileged browser capabilities. The relevant relationship is: AgentBrowserAuthority subset-of BrokerBrowserAuthority. Credentials stored by a user or protected credential service may be inserted into a browser form through a protected path without exposing them to the agent. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 196] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 D.21. 20. Independent Safety and Risk Classifiers One or more classifiers outside the act-generating domain may evaluate prompt injection, anomalous tool output, exfiltration patterns, suspicious requests, malicious instructions, or other risk categories. For classifiers C1 , ... , Cn : Classif ierDecision = F(C1 , ... , Cn ). The result may be one predicate among several: PreEf f ectPermiti = PolicyPermiti AND Classif ierCleari AND TaintConditioni . Classifier output need not itself constitute execution authority. Figure 80 D.22. 21. Candidate-Act Descriptor with Taint and Provenance A Candidate-Act descriptor may be: Di = {DA , Origini , Scopei , Destinationi , taui , H(Provi ), PolicyEpochi }. A continuation condition may bind the next phase to a specific taint or provenance state: Figure 81 Gamma i+1 = Protect(DA , H(Ri ), taui , H(Provi ), Scopei+1 , ...). Figure 82 D.23. 22. Real Bounded First Effect After pre-effect checks, the Finality Sink may permit a first real bounded effect Ei such as: The effect is real and externally or persistently consequential, not merely simulated. * trailer transmission; * bounded API request; * bounded payment or reservation; * provisional database change; * canary deployment; * bounded file release; * low-energy actuator motion; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 197] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * network handshake; * bounded browser submission; * limited credential use. D.24. 23. Protected Effect Receipt Including Boundary Context A receipt may bind both the observed effect and the protected pathway that produced it: Ri = Protect 􏿴DA , i, Origini , taui , CredentialClassi , BoundaryIDi , DestinationIDi , RequestDigesti , Oi , Timestampi , The receipt may therefore allow the IEV to verify what was requested, which process caused it, which taint state applied, which protected boundary authorized it, which credential class was used, where the effect occurred, and what result was observed. D.25. 24. IEV Validation of Effect and Boundary Behavior The IEV may evaluate both effect correctness and protected-path correctness. An illustrative PASS expression is: IEVPassi = AuthValid(Ri ) AND ActMatch(Ri , DA ) AND OriginMatch(Ri ) AND TaintConsistent(Ri ) AND BoundaryExpected(Ri ) AND CredentialClassAllowed(Ri ) AND DestinationMatch(Ri ) AND EffectAcceptable(Oi , Xi ) AND PolicyCurrenti AND RevocationCleari . Figure 83 D.26. 25. Effect Comparison Modes The IEV may use one or more comparison functions. Exact equality: Oi = X i . Tolerance: d(Oi , Xi ) <= epsiloni . Scalar tolerance: |Oi - Xi | <= epsiloni . Range: Li <= O i <= U i . Authorized set: Oi in A i . Predicate set: m 􏾒 Pk (Oi ) = true. k=1 Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 198] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 D.27. 26. Boundary Substitution Detection Suppose a phase is expected to use protected boundary B1 , while evidence indicates use of B2 . If: B1 != B 2 and B2 is not an accepted equivalent protected boundary, the IEV may set: IEVDecisioni = FAIL. This addresses substitution of the protected egress or effectuation path. D.28. 27. Equivalent Boundary A named proxy, daemon, kernel hook, gateway, or hardware block is not required. Two boundaries may be treated as functionally equivalent when both preserve required properties: EquivalentBoundary(Bx , By ) = true where both enforce the required set of protected predicates, such as origin attribution, taint evaluation, credential isolation, destination verification, continuation gating, evidence generation, and anti-bypass. Replacing: Proxy -> KernelGate or: LinuxDaemon -> SmartNIC or: LocalBroker -> RemoteGateway need not alter the functional architecture. D.29. 28. Boundary-Substitution Invariance Let Bi be any boundary satisfying the required Finality-Sink properties. Then: Ai -> Bi -> Ei -> Ri -> IEVi -> Gamma i+1 -> Bi+1 -> Ei+1 . Replacing Bi with B′i preserves the architecture when: FunctionalProperties(Bi ) = FunctionalProperties(B′i ). D.30. 29. Surrogate-Representation Invariance A surrogate need not be a token. It may be a credential handle, alias, slot, object reference, signed request reference, non- exportable capability, session reference, or other protected reference. Changing: sigmatoken -> sigmahandle i i need not alter the architecture when neither representation independently exposes the real credential and both require protected boundary resolution. Figure 84 Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 199] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 D.31. 30. No-Explicit-Surrogate Variant An implementation may use an implicit protected credential reference rather than an explicit surrogate value. Thus: ExplicitSurrogate and: ImplicitProtectedCredentialRef erence are alternative realizations of late credential binding. D.32. 31. Surrogate Plus IEV Continuation Possession of a next-phase surrogate does not itself authorize effectuation: Possess(sigmai+1 ) ⇏ Ef f ectAuthorityi+1 . Instead, an illustrative expression is: Ef f ectAuthorityi+1 = SurrogateValidi+1 AND ContinuationValid(Gamma i+1 ) AND BoundaryChecksValidi+1 . Figure 85 D.33. 32. Taint Plus Surrogate Gating A boundary may jointly evaluate the surrogate and current taint state: Authorizei = SurrogateValid(sigmai ) AND CredentialClassAllowedi AND TaintPolicySatisfied(taui ) AND DestinationAllowedi AND ScopeAllowedi . Figure 86 A surrogate therefore does not bypass taint policy. D.34. 33. Taint Change Between Phases Taint may change after the first real effect: taubef ore != tauaf ter . If the later state becomes tainted or unverifiable, the IEV may withhold or reduce continuation authority. A continuation condition may specify a maximum permitted taint state: Gamma i+1 ⊃ taumax . The Finality Sink then verifies: taucurrent ⪯ taumax . Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 200] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 D.35. 34. Effectuation-Time Taint Revalidation Even after IEV PASS at time t0 , the Finality Sink may evaluate current state at effectuation time t1 . Enable(Ei+1 , t1 ) = ContinuationValid(Gamma i+1 ) AND TaintCurrentAcceptable(t1 ) AND PolicyCurrent(t1 ) AND RevocationClear(t1 ) AND DestinationCurrent(t1 ). Thus: Figure 87 IEVPass(t0 ) ⇏ IrrevocableAuthority(t1 ). D.36. 35. SEND Example - Tainted Context An AI reads untrusted content and proposes: SEND(FileX , RecipientA ). The agent is marked: tau(Agent) = TAINTED. The outbound request contains or references: Figure 88 sigmamail . Policy may prohibit full automatic release but permit a bounded trailer: P0 = SendTrailer. At the protected boundary: real sigmamail ⟼ Kmail . Figure 89 The real credential is used transiently without being disclosed to the agent. The recipient or service returns R0 . The IEV may check: Recipient(R0 ) = RecipientA and: TaintState(R0 ) = TAINTED. If required predicates pass, the IEV may establish: Gamma 1 = CVIFULL_SEND . If recipient, route, destination, or boundary evidence is misaligned, the full file remains non-effective. D.37. 36. SEND With Human Review For selected high-risk effects: TAINTED AND ExternalDisclosure => HumanReview. A protected UI may display intended recipient, observed recipient, taint reason, bounded-trailer result, and proposed full send. A human decision returns to the protected authority or IEV rather than directly granting unrestricted execution authority to the agent. Figure 90 D.38. 37. SEND Without Human Review A fully automatic policy is also supported. For example: TAINTED AND RecipientVerified AND PolicyAllows => Gamma FULL_SEND . Thus a human is optional rather than architecturally required. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 201] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 Figure 91 D.39. 38. Payment Example An agent proposes: PAY(Benef iciaryB , Amount). The agent holds or references: sigmapay rather than the actual payment credential. The Finality Sink resolves or uses the actual payment credential only for a bounded first phase. The payment rail returns R0 . The IEV may verify: Benef iciary(R0 ) = B, Account(R0 ) = Accountauthorized , Currency(R0 ) = Currencyauthorized , and: State(R0 ) in AuthorizedStates. Only then may a subsequent settlement or broader transfer become eligible. D.40. 39. Browser Example An agent visits a page containing potentially malicious content, causing: tau(Agent) = TAINTED. The agent attempts an authenticated submission without access to the real password or session secret. A protected browser broker inserts the credential and performs a bounded effect. The resulting evidence R0 is evaluated by the IEV before broader continuation. Figure 92 D.41. 40. Connector Example An agent invokes a connector through a narrow stub: Agent -> ConnectorStub -> Workercalendar . The calendar worker may be limited to calendar credentials and denied payment credentials: CredentialClass(Workercalendar ) = Calendar. The resulting external service effect generates Ri , and the IEV may validate the created event before permitting a dependent operation such as sending invitations or booking travel. D.42. 41. Cross-Tool Taint Propagation If Tool 1 processes tainted information and its output influences Tool 2, then: tau(Tool2Request) = Join 􏿴tau(Tool1Output), tau(Agent)􏿷. A later communication, payment, file upload, database mutation, or device act can therefore inherit taint lineage. Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 202] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 Figure 93 D.43. 42. Taint Snapshot in Receipt Chain Each receipt may preserve a taint snapshot: Ri ⊃ taui . A receipt chain may capture: tau0 , tau1 , ... , taun . An unexpected transition such as: CLEAN -> TAINTED may invalidate or narrow a previously contemplated continuation. D.44. 43. Durable-State Separation Durable application state, credential state, and IEV state may be physically or logically separated: StorageAgent != StorageCredentials != StorageIEV . This prevents an agent with write access to its workspace from automatically modifying credential secrets, policy, consumed-receipt state, or continuation state. D.45. 44. Authenticated IPC Protected services may communicate over authenticated IPC or RPC. An operation may be permitted only when: Identity(Sender) in ACL(Operation). The mechanism may use peer credentials, signed RPC, mutual TLS, local capabilities, secure mailboxes, hypervisor-authenticated channels, or equivalent protections. D.46. 45. Human Approval as a Protected Capability Where human approval is used, a protected approval object Hi may bind: Hi = Bind(Act, Destination, Scope, Session, Expiry, UseCount). A conversational response to an AI need not itself constitute the protected approval artifact. D.47. 46. Read/Write Privilege Separation A connector may distinguish read and write authority: Permission(ReadResource) = true while: Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 203] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 Permission(Modif yResource) = false. Provider credential scope need not equal the effect scope granted to the agent: ProviderCredentialScope != AgentEf f ectScope. D.48. 47. Sensitive-Content Filtering A protected connector may withhold selected high-risk content from the agent, including one-time codes, password-reset links, security secrets, payment authentication codes, recovery codes, or private keys. This filtering is optional and may be combined with taint and IEV controls. D.49. 48. Protected Inference Path Inference requests themselves may be routed through a protected proxy or policy boundary that constrains model endpoints, telemetry, destination, request size, data classification, or authentication. This expresses the general principle: AgentRequest != UnrestrictedNetworkAuthority. D.50. 49. Defense in Depth The architecture does not depend on any one layer providing complete protection. Conceptually: Security = f (Isolation, Taint, PrivilegeSeparation, CredentialSurrogation, BoundaryPolicy, IEV, FinalitySink, H A classifier may fail while credential isolation, boundary mediation, and IEV-gated continuation still restrict consequential effects. D.51. 50. Strong Next-Phase Authorization Expression A subsequent phase may require: Enable(Ei+1 ) = OriginAuthorizedi+1 AND TaintAcceptablei+1 AND CredentialReferenceValidi+1 AND ContinuationValid(Gamma i+1 ) AND PolicyCurrenti+1 AND RevocationCleari+1 AND DestinationValidi+1 AND ScopeAuthorizedi+1 AND CredentialClassAllowedi+1 . A required predicate that is false blocks ordinary continuation. A required predicate that is unknown may trigger reconciliation, reduced scope, re-attestation, safe state, or escalation. Figure 94 D.52. 51. Anti-Bypass For every act-equivalent effect-capable path q: Ef f ectCapable(q) => RequireEquivalentProtectedGate(q). Otherwise: Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 204] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 Disable(q). Potential alternate paths include raw sockets, alternate HTTP clients, shell commands, browser debugging interfaces, alternate credentials, direct connector code, unrestricted subprocesses, alternate network namespaces, direct device handles, database administrator credentials, debug interfaces, or recovery interfaces. D.53. 52. Implementation Independence The architecture does not require any particular named operating system, daemon, proxy, credential broker, container manager, kernel hook, classifier, or browser. A functional relationship is preserved when: UntrustedOrLowerTrustActSource -> ProtectedEf f ectuationBoundary -> RealEf f ect -> ProtectedEvidence D.54. 53. Replacement Invariance Across Security Mechanisms Taint implementation may change: eBPF/LSM -> KernelLabel -> RuntimeProvenanceGraph -> CryptographicTaintTag. Isolation may change: Container -> VM -> MicroVM -> RemoteService. Credential representation may change: SurrogateToken -> CredentialHandle -> ImplicitProtectedRef erence. Boundary implementation may change: ForwardProxy -> KernelNetworkGate -> SmartNIC -> RemoteGateway. Validator implementation may change: LocalIEV -> RemoteIEV -> TEEIEV -> ThresholdIEV. These changes need not alter the core functional sequence. D.55. 54. Combined Invariance Function Let I denote an isolation mechanism, T a taint mechanism, S a credential-surrogation mechanism, B an effectuation boundary, and V an IEV implementation. Define: Phi(I, T, S, B, V) as a particular implementation of the architecture. For two implementations: Phi1 = Phi(I1 , T1 , S1 , B1 , V1 ) and: Phi2 = Phi(I2 , T2 , S2 , B2 , V2 ), the implementations may differ while remaining functionally equivalent if both preserve: Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 205] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 Ai -> ProtectedPreEf f ectValidationi -> Ei -> Ri -> IndependentValidationi -> ProtectedContinuationi+1 -> E D.56. 55. Non-Limiting Pseudocode - Protected Taint-Aware Boundary and IEV Workflow The following pseudocode is illustrative only. Functions may be combined, reordered where causally compatible, distributed across different components, or realized in hardware, software, firmware, a remote service, or protected state transitions. ALGORITHM TAINT_AWARE_IEV_EFFECTUATION(A_i): # Phase 1 - Candidate construction D_A := HASH(CANONICALIZE(A_i)) origin := PROTECTED_ORIGIN_ATTRIBUTION(current_request) tau_i := READ_PROTECTED_TAINT_STATE(origin, A_i) provenance:= GET_PROVENANCE(A_i) if tau_i == UNKNOWN: tau_i := UNVERIFIABLE # Phase 2 - Initial protected policy pre_decision := POLICY_EVALUATE( act_digest = D_A, origin = origin, taint = tau_i, provenance = provenance, destination = A_i.destination, requested_scope = A_i.scope, policy_epoch = CURRENT_POLICY_EPOCH(), revocation = CURRENT_REVOCATION_STATE() ) if pre_decision == DENY: return BLOCK if pre_decision == ASK: approval := PROTECTED_APPROVAL_FLOW(A_i) if NOT VALIDATE_APPROVAL(approval, D_A): return BLOCK phase_scope := SELECT_BOUNDED_PHASE(pre_decision, A_i) # Phase 3 - Protected boundary / credential resolution sigma_i := GET_CREDENTIAL_REFERENCE(A_i) if NOT SURROGATE_OR_REFERENCE_VALID(sigma_i, origin, phase_scope): return BLOCK if NOT TAINT_POLICY_SATISFIED(tau_i, phase_scope): return BLOCK_OR_REDUCE_SCOPE boundary_request := BUILD_PHASE_REQUEST(A_i, phase_scope) # Real credential remains outside act-generating domain real_credential := PROTECTED_CREDENTIAL_AUTHORITY.RESOLVE_FOR_USE( credential_reference = sigma_i, origin = origin, destination = A_i.destination, phase_scope = phase_scope ) if real_credential unavailable: return BLOCK # Phase 4 - Real bounded effect E_i := FINALITY_SINK.EFFECTUATE( request = boundary_request, credential_use = real_credential ) # Phase 5 - Protected evidence generation R_i := EFFECT_OBSERVER.CREATE_RECEIPT( act_digest = D_A, phase_id = i, origin = origin, taint = tau_i, credential_class = CLASS(real_credential), boundary_id = FINALITY_SINK.ID, destination_id = OBSERVED_DESTINATION(E_i), observed_effect = OBSERVE(E_i), request_digest = HASH(boundary_request), policy_epoch = CURRENT_POLICY_EPOCH(), counter = NEXT_PROTECTED_COUNTER() ) # Phase 6 - Independent interim validation iev_result := IEV.VALIDATE( receipt = R_i, expected_act = D_A, expected_origin = origin, expected_taint = tau_i, expected_boundary = FINALITY_SINK.ID, expected_destination = A_i.destination, expected_effect = EXPECTED_EFFECT(A_i, phase_scope), current_policy = Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 206] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 CURRENT_POLICY_EPOCH(), current_revocation = CURRENT_REVOCATION_STATE() ) if iev_result == FAIL: return FAILURE_OR_REMEDIATION_PATH(R_i) if iev_result == INDETERMINATE: return RECONCILIATION_PATH(R_i) # Phase 7 - Next-phase continuation Gamma_next := IEV.CREATE_CONTINUATION( act_digest = D_A, prior_receipt = HASH(R_i), next_phase = i + 1, next_scope = DETERMINE_NEXT_SCOPE(R_i), next_destination = NEXT_DESTINATION(A_i), taint_bound = CURRENT_PROTECTED_TAINT_STATE(), policy_epoch = CURRENT_POLICY_EPOCH(), expiry = SHORT_EXPIRY() ) # Phase 8 - Effectuation-time revalidation if NOT FINALITY_SINK.VERIFY_CONTINUATION(Gamma_next): return BLOCK if POLICY_CHANGED() OR REVOCATION_ACTIVE(): return REVALIDATE_OR_BLOCK if TAINT_NO_LONGER_ACCEPTABLE(): return REVALIDATE_REDUCE_OR_BLOCK if DESTINATION_CHANGED(): return BLOCK # Phase 9 - Next-phase credential resolution sigma_next := GET_NEXT_PHASE_CREDENTIAL_REFERENCE(A_i) if NOT SURROGATE_OR_REFERENCE_VALID(sigma_next): return BLOCK credential_next := PROTECTED_CREDENTIAL_AUTHORITY.RESOLVE_FOR_USE( credential_reference = sigma_next, continuation = Gamma_next, next_scope = Gamma_next.scope ) if credential_next unavailable: return BLOCK # Phase 10 - Next real effect E_next := FINALITY_SINK.EFFECTUATE_NEXT_PHASE( continuation = Gamma_next, credential_use = credential_next ) return E_next D.57. 56. Non-Limiting Pseudocode - Taint Propagation FUNCTION PROPAGATE_TAINT(process_state, inputs, tool_outputs, provenance): states := [process_state.taint] FOR each input IN inputs: states.append(input.taint) FOR each output IN tool_outputs: states.append(output.taint) IF provenance missing OR provenance unverifiable: states.append(UNVERIFIABLE) return PROTECTED_TAINT_JOIN(states) One non-limiting ordering may be: CLEAN ≺ TAINTED ≺ UNVERIFIABLE, although an implementation may use a lattice, labels, category sets, confidence scores, or incomparable classes instead of a total order. Figure 95: Source-derived pseudocode D.58. 57. Non-Limiting Pseudocode - Boundary Credential Resolution Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 207] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 FUNCTION RESOLVE_CREDENTIAL_AT_BOUNDARY(request, sigma, Gamma_optional): origin := PROTECTED_ORIGIN_ATTRIBUTION(request) tau := CURRENT_PROTECTED_TAINT(origin) if NOT SURROGATE_OR_REFERENCE_VALID(sigma, origin): return DENY if NOT DESTINATION_ALLOWED(request.destination): return DENY if NOT TAINT_POLICY_SATISFIED(tau, request.scope): return DENY_OR_REDUCE_SCOPE if Gamma_optional exists: if NOT VERIFY_CONTINUATION(Gamma_optional): return DENY if Gamma_optional.destination != request.destination: return DENY if request.scope exceeds Gamma_optional.scope: return DENY credential := CREDENTIAL_AUTHORITY.GET_NONEXPORTABLE_USE(sigma) if credential unavailable: return DENY concrete_request := SUBSTITUTE_OR_APPLY_CREDENTIAL(request, credential) result := SEND_THROUGH_PROTECTED_BOUNDARY(concrete_request) ZEROIZE_TRANSIENT_SECRET_MATERIAL_WHERE_APPLICABLE() return result Figure 96: Source-derived pseudocode D.59. 58. Non-Limiting Pseudocode - IEV Validation Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 208] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 FUNCTION IEV_VALIDATE(R_i, expected): if NOT AUTHENTICATE_RECEIPT(R_i): return FAIL if R_i.act_digest != expected.act_digest: return FAIL if R_i.phase_id != expected.phase_id: return FAIL if R_i.origin != expected.origin: return FAIL if NOT TAINT_CONSISTENT(R_i.taint, expected.taint): return FAIL_OR_RECONCILE if NOT AUTHORIZED_EQUIVALENT_BOUNDARY( actual = R_i.boundary_id, expected = expected.boundary_id): return FAIL if NOT CREDENTIAL_CLASS_ALLOWED(R_i.credential_class): return FAIL if R_i.destination_id != expected.destination_id: return FAIL if NOT EFFECT_ACCEPTABLE( observed = R_i.observed_effect, expected = expected.effect): return FAIL if NOT POLICY_CURRENT(R_i.policy_epoch): return HOLD_OR_REVALIDATE if REVOCATION_ACTIVE(): return FAIL if RECEIPT_ALREADY_CONSUMED(HASH(R_i)): return FAIL ATOMICALLY: MARK_RECEIPT_CONSUMED(HASH(R_i)) ADVANCE_PHASE() return PASS Figure 97: Source-derived pseudocode D.60. 59. Non-Limiting Pseudocode - SEND Trailer Then Full Payload Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 209] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 FUNCTION SAFE_SEND(full_message, intended_recipient): candidate := BUILD_SEND_ACT(full_message, intended_recipient) trailer := BUILD_BOUNDED_TRAILER(candidate) trailer_result := TAINT_AWARE_IEV_EFFECTUATION(trailer) if trailer_result not proven acceptable: return BLOCK_OR_REMEDIATE R0 := GET_TRAILER_RECEIPT(trailer_result) if R0.recipient != intended_recipient: return BLOCK_OR_HUMAN_OR_AUTOMATED_REMEDIATION Gamma_full := IEV.CREATE_CONTINUATION( prior_receipt = HASH(R0), next_scope = FULL_SEND_SCOPE, destination = intended_recipient ) return FINALITY_SINK.SEND_FULL_PAYLOAD( message = full_message, continuation = Gamma_full ) Figure 98: Source-derived pseudocode D.61. 60. Non-Limiting Pseudocode - Automatic Misalignment Handling FUNCTION HANDLE_MISALIGNMENT(R_i, expected): mismatch := CLASSIFY_MISMATCH(R_i, expected) proposal := AUTOMATED_REMEDIATION_CONTROLLER.PROPOSE(mismatch) # The remediation controller does not directly receive full effect authority. validation := IEV.VALIDATE_REMEDIATION_PROPOSAL( proposal = proposal, receipt = R_i, maximum_authorized_envelope = CURRENT_MAX_ENVELOPE() ) if validation == APPROVE_REDUCED_SCOPE: return IEV.CREATE_RESTRICTED_CONTINUATION(proposal.scope) if validation == REQUERY: return AUTHORIZE_BOUNDED_DIAGNOSTIC_REQUERY() if validation == RECONCILE: return ENTER_RECONCILIATION() if validation == HUMAN_REVIEW: return PROTECTED_HUMAN_REVIEW() return TERMINATE_OR_SAFE_STATE Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 210] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 Figure 99: Source-derived pseudocode D.62. 61. Example - Linux / VM Deployment A non-limiting Linux or VM deployment may contain: or taint. Illustrative flow: * agentd in a lower-trust namespace, container, or VM; * effect-broker as the Finality Sink; * credentiald holding real credentials or non-exportable credential- use authority; * effect-observer generating protected receipts; * ievd maintaining protected continuation state; * optional kernel, cgroup, LSM, eBPF, seccomp, or namespace mechanisms supporting attribution, isolation, agentd -> ef f ect-broker -> Ei -> Ri -> ievd -> Gamma i+1 -> ef f ect-broker. The precise names, process topology, and Linux primitives are non-limiting. D.63. 62. Example - Android / Mobile Deployment An Android or other mobile implementation may use: The same functional sequence applies even where the strongest effectuation gate is server-side rather than local. * an ordinary application or isolated process as the act source; * a Binder/system-service/backend broker as the Finality Sink; * hardware-backed or server-side credential authority; * TEE or remote IEV state; * protected receipt return from the server or destination. D.64. 63. Example - Windows / Desktop Deployment A Windows or desktop implementation may use: Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 211] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 The application may therefore prepare high-level requests without possessing unrestricted effect authority. * a restricted application or AppContainer-like act source; * a broker service as the Finality Sink; * a separate Windows service, enclave-assisted service, or remote validator as the IEV; * a credential broker that never returns the real credential to the application. D.65. 64. Example - iOS / Sandboxed App Deployment A sandboxed mobile application may use a remote Finality Sink and remote IEV where the application lacks system-level privilege to mediate all local resources. For example: iOSApp -> BackendFS0 -> E0 -> R0 -> RemoteIEV -> Gamma 1 -> BackendFS1 -> E1 . A device-bound key, secure hardware identity, application attestation, or protected credential reference may supplement the remote architecture. D.66. 65. Commercial Deployment Forms The embodiment may be provided as: * an AI-agent runtime; * enterprise endpoint service; * operating-system security service; * mobile SDK plus backend; * local daemon; * microVM; * virtual appliance; * application middleware; * API gateway; * network proxy; Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 212] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 * credential broker; * secure browser broker; * connector execution service; * DPU or SmartNIC service; * cloud control-plane component; * transaction gateway; * messaging safety layer; * payment control layer; * application helper; * remote validation service. D.67. 66. Final Technical Invariants The embodiment preserves the following distinctions: Computation != AuthorityToAct. CredentialRef erence != ActualCredentialAuthority. ReceiptExistence != ContinuationAuthority. IEVPassAt(t0 ) != IrrevocableAuthorityAt(t1 ). A preferred combined invariant is: Figure 100 Enable(Ei+1 ) = OriginAuthorizedi+1 AND TaintAcceptablei+1 AND CredentialReferenceValidi+1 AND ContinuationValid(Gamma i+1 ) AND PolicyCurrenti+1 AND RevocationCleari+1 AND DestinationValidi+1 AND ScopeAuthorizedi+1 AND CredentialClassAllowedi+1 . Figure 101 The final causal relationship is: ProtectedBoundaryValidation + RealObservedEf f ect + IndependentIEVValidation + CurrentContinuationCondition => EligibilityForSubsequentEf f ectuation. This implication describes eligibility under the protected architecture; it does not require that every implementation use identical components, names, cryptographic forms, operating systems, or process boundaries. Appendix E. Consolidated Functional Invariants Computation != Effectuation Authority Figure 102 Receipt existence != Next-phase authority Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 213] Internet-Draft Evidence Is the Key: Receipt-Gated IEV October 2026 Figure 103 ProposalAuthority != EffectuationAuthority Figure 104 UnableToValidateTaint !=> CLEAN Figure 105 ChangeOfValidator != ChangeOfFunctionalSequence Figure 106 ChangeOfBoundaryTechnology != ChangeOfFinalitySinkRole Figure 107 ChangeOfCredentialRepresentation != ChangeOfProtectedLateBindingSemantics Figure 108 E_i -> R_i -> IEV_i -> Gamma_{i+1} -> FS_{i+1} -> E_{i+1} Figure 109 Acknowledgements This draft consolidates four technical source documents supplied by the author: the advanced staged-effectuation architecture, the three- part IEV compilation and pseudocode, the platform-neutral software/VM/OS realization document, and the taint-aware boundary credential surrogation document. The editorial transformation into RFCXML and IETF-style organization does not change authorship or imply IETF adoption. Author's Address Sangam Das Independent Researcher Balasore Odisha India Email: info@sangamdas.com Das Expires 4 April 2027 [Page 214]